The feeding method of silky chickens is basically the same as that of broiler chickens. They can be raised in cages, free-range on the ground, flat on a kang, or online. It is best to raise flat on a kang in rural areas. Silky chicken cages must be constructed in a location with leeward direction, dry and gentle terrain, good drainage, away from residential areas and convenient transportation.
The size of the chicken house depends on the topography and topography. Generally, a new type of open chicken house is used. This type of chicken house mainly uses a double-slope roof, with two open walls and two windows at the front and rear. Its main features are: rain and fire protection, ventilation in summer, and dry chicken coop. This type of chicken coop is more suitable in areas with mild or hot climates. The brooding period lasts for 30 days. The feeding and management of the brooding period is a critical period that affects the success or failure of silky chicken production. Its main task is to improve the survival rate and early weight gain of the chicks.
1. Disinfection and anti-rodent: Before brooding, the floor and walls of the brooding room should be sprayed and disinfected with 2000:1 ABB disinfectant, then rinse the trough and dry it for later use. At the same time, the brooding room must have a half-meter-high cement wall, and rat holes are strictly prohibited.
2. Insulation and humidity control: Since the chicks have short and sparse villi, they cannot withstand cold and cannot regulate their temperature. If the temperature is too low, the growth of the chicks will be stunted and they will be squeezed together, leading to an outbreak of pullorum; if the humidity is too high, , will lead to the occurrence of coccidiosis, so reasonable brooding temperature and humidity must be ensured. The brooding room should be equipped with a thermometer to keep track of the temperature of the brooding room at any time.
The temperature and humidity of the brooding room are generally for chickens within 1 week of age. The temperature of the brooding room is 34°C to 32°C and the humidity is 65 to 60°C. For chickens of 1 to 2 weeks old, the temperature of the brooding room is The temperature of the brooding room is 32℃ to 28℃, and the humidity is 65 to 60℃; for chickens aged 2 to 3 weeks, the temperature of the brooding room is 27℃ to 25℃, and the humidity is 65 to 60℃; for chickens aged 3 to 4 weeks, the brooding room The temperature is 25℃ to 23℃ and the humidity is 60℃; after 4 weeks, the temperature is about 20℃ and the humidity is 60℃.
In addition to using a thermometer, you must also learn to "watch the chicken and warm it." The temperature is suitable for chicks to be lively and active, have a strong appetite, sleep quietly, and the chickens are evacuated and lie evenly on their stomachs. If the temperature is too low, chicks are prone to diarrhea and colds, squeezing each other, and stacking up in layers; if the temperature is too high, chicks open their mouths to pant, stay away from heat sources, become lazy, have poor appetite, and drink a lot of water.
3. Drink water and eat: 20 hours after the chicks hatch, they can enter the brooding room, drink water first, and then eat. Start drinking water with 5 to 10% sugar water and drink it for half a day to improve the survival rate. Chicks before 10 days old should drink warm water, and the water temperature should be close to room temperature. It is best to use a drinking fountain for chicks. The drinking fountain should always be filled with water so that the chicks can drink freely. After drinking water for 2 to 4 hours, you can start eating. Soak the feed in water. It is better to scatter it as soon as you grab it. Sprinkle it evenly on the plastic sheet so that the chicks can eat freely. The feed can be directly fed with full-price feed produced by the feed factory. However, no matter which feed is fed, for the first 3 to 5 days, 0.2 chloramphenicol or 0.2 sulfamethoxazole must be added to the feed, or broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs such as ofloxacin should be added to the drinking water to control the occurrence of pullorum in chickens. The difference between silky chickens and other chicken breeds is that congenital pullorum is particularly serious, so during the brooding period, drugs must be used alternately without interruption. After feeding with plastic cloth for 3 to 5 days, they must gradually be replaced with small wooden troughs or plastic troughs. , feed once every 3 to 4 hours during the day and once every 4 to 5 hours at night. In short, keep water and food constant. Silky-bone chicken is a unique medicinal rare bird in China. Silky-bone chicken produced in Taihe, Jiangxi is the most authentic. Taihe black-bone chicken has a beautiful appearance, with crest, double tassels, white silk hair, hairy feet, black skin, black meat, black bones, green ears, With its 10 major characteristics of five claws and beard, it is known as "perfect in every aspect" and is the leader among chickens.
1. Selection of brooding seasons
Generally, the survival rate of brooding is high in late spring, summer and autumn. Brooding can also be done in other seasons, but better conditions must be created.
2. Drinking water
Chicks should drink water first after being transported. You can drink 0.2‰ potassium permanganate water first, and start eating 2 to 4 hours after drinking water. Once you start drinking water, don't stop. Drink warm water within 20 days of age, and use a tower-shaped drinking fountain to provide water to prevent the chicks from being flooded. The water intake of chicks is generally 1.6 times the feed intake.
3. Start eating
Start eating on the second day after hatching.
It is best to feed compound feed. In the early stage of feeding (within 3 days of age), feed broken rice, sesame seeds or millet soaked in boiling water. Every hundred chicks are fed 3 to 5 cooked eggs daily, and the feed is spread on a plastic sheet so that the chickens can eat freely. From the 5th day, fried broken rice can be fed with chicken compound feed. The feed formula is: sorghum 5.0, fish meal 10.0, corn 54.13, barley 5.0, bean cake 16.0, bran 4.0, leaf meal 3.0, bone meal 2.5 and table salt 0.37. The crude protein requirements in the feed should reach 20.8, metabolic energy should reach 12.12 MJ/kg, calcium 1.3, and phosphorus 0.8. Put the feed in the strip trough and feed it dry. Starting from the 7th day, about 15% of green feed can be added to the feed. If you are using commercially available full-price feed, you can add less or no green feed. After 1 week, 3 to 5 grams of fine sand can be added to the feed, or placed on a separate plate to allow the chicks to eat freely to enhance their digestive function.
Within 3 weeks of age, silky chickens should be fed 6 to 8 times a day, that is, once at 6:00 in the morning and once at 10:00 in the evening, for 30 minutes each time, and then take away the trough. In this way, feed waste and pollution can be reduced. After 3 weeks of age, feed 4 to 6 times a day.
4. Management
First, heat preservation and humidity control. The suitable brooding temperature is: 0 to 1 week old, 31 to 30°C; 1 to 2 weeks old, 30 to 27°C; 2 to 3 weeks old, 27 to 25°C; 3 to 4 weeks old, 25 to 22°C; and after 4 weeks of age. Just keep it around 20℃. It is appropriate to control the indoor relative humidity between 55 and 65. The second is appropriate lighting. Within 1 week after chicks hatch, it is appropriate to have 20 to 23 hours of light per day. Starting from the second week, the light can be reduced to 13 hours per day and slowly transition to natural light time. The third is good ventilation. While paying attention to moisturizing, windows can be opened appropriately for ventilation to eliminate harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and ammonia in the room, allowing the chicks to absorb fresh air, which is beneficial to growth and development. When raising silky chickens, no matter what kind of feed they are fed, nutritional standards must be met. Reasonable nutrition is an important factor in improving the production quality of silky chickens.
Generally speaking, the feed during the brooding period has a crude protein of 19, crude fiber less than 6, calcium 0.8 to 1.3, phosphorus 0.6, sodium chloride 0.3 and moisture less than 14. The feed requirements during the growing period include crude protein of 17, crude fiber of less than 6, calcium of 0.7 to 1.2, phosphorus of 0.55, sodium chloride of 0.3, and moisture of less than 14. Reasonable control of the density of silky chickens during the growth period can prevent the waste of feed, increase the growth rate, increase the meat-to-feed ratio, and increase the economic benefits of silky chicken breeding.
The density of silky chickens during the growth period is generally 1 to 10 days old, with a density of 40 to 50 birds/square meter; 10 to 20 days old, a density of 30 to 40 birds/square meter; 20 At 30 days old, the density is 25 to 30 birds/square meter; at 30 to 60 days old, the density is 20 to 25 birds/square meter; at 60 to 90 days old, the density is 15 to 12 birds/square meter. The feeding standards for silky chickens are formulated based on the nutritional needs of the chickens at different ages and stages of development. A good feed formula must take into account two aspects. First, it must meet the nutritional needs of each stage or as much as possible; second, the feed varieties must be screened according to price to minimize the cost of the formula. Only in this way can it be considered a good formula.
As a meat breed, the laying hens of silky chickens are breeder chickens, which are divided into three different physiological stages, namely the brooding stage (0 to 42 days old) and the rearing stage (43 to 150 days old). age), adult stage or laying stage (from 151 days of age to culling).
Medicinal chickens are divided into two physiological stages, namely the growth period (0 to 42 days old) and the fattening period (43 days old to sale). The feeding standards show that the brooding stage of breeder chickens requires Nutrient is high, and the nutritional needs in the breeding stage are low. Breeder chickens after laying eggs not only have high nutritional needs, but also have high quality requirements for various single materials. Some materials cannot be used or can only be used sparingly. If they are not removed, Poisonous cotton meal cake, rapeseed cake, etc., and some drugs are also banned, such as furans, sulfonamides, etc.