On Tibetan New Year's Eve, people put on colorful costumes and grotesque masks, played music with suona, conch and drum, and pursued a grand and grand "jumping god meeting". The boys danced wildly and sang loudly, indicating that they would get rid of the old and welcome the new, exorcise evil spirits and reduce happiness. On New Year's morning, women go to carry "auspicious water" and wish the new year good luck.
Yi and Yi compatriots choose festivals according to the Yi calendar. Some spend the Spring Festival with the local Han people. In some areas, Yi compatriots set up pine trees in front of the door and spread the floor with pine needles to avoid disasters. In other areas, pigs and sheep are slaughtered during festivals, and people visit each other and give each other meat and steamed buns. On the morning of New Year's Day, the first thing to get up is to carry water home. They compare the weight of a bowl of water with yesterday's water. For example, the water in the New Year is heavier, which means that there is enough rain this year.
Zhuang compatriots in Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong and other regions celebrate the Spring Festival at the same time as the Han nationality. On New Year's Eve, we should prepare the rice we eat on the festival day, which is called "New Year's Rice". In some areas, people call it "Eating the Festival", and Zhuang language means "Old Age". It portends a bumper agricultural harvest in the coming year. Some of them also make paraffin cakes that are more than a foot long and weigh five or six pounds, and a family with a small population can't finish a meal! In the early morning of New Year's Day, people get up before dawn, put on new clothes and set off firecrackers to welcome the new year. Women are scrambling to go to the river or well to "draw new water" and start a boiling life in the new year.
On New Year's Eve, the whole family of Buyi people stayed up all night by the pond. At dawn, the girls scrambled to fetch water. Whoever picks up the first load of water first is the hardest-working and happiest girl.
Manchu Manchu is divided into four banners: red, yellow, blue and white. During the Spring Festival, people with red flags put up red flags, people with yellow flags put up yellow flags, people with blue flags put up blue flags and people with white flags put up white flags. These flags are beautifully patterned and brightly colored, symbolizing the auspicious beginning of the year.
During the Spring Festival, a mass activity called "Dong Year" (also called Lushenghui) prevailed among Dong compatriots in Guizhou and Hunan. This activity is similar to the "group worship" of the Han nationality, but it is more joyful and enthusiastic than the "group worship". This kind of activity is usually held by two villages. The two teams formally held a Lusheng Song and Dance Competition in the square. At this time, the audience of the two villages danced and enjoyed themselves with the music.
During the Chinese New Year, Bai compatriots in Yunnan, Bai people, have a kind of celebration called "Putting Up High". The so-called "soaring" is to use the whole big bamboo and put gunpowder in the bamboo joints. After lighting, the whole big bamboo can collapse into the sky and become a veritable "soaring". In some areas, Bai compatriots, like Miao and Zhuang people, are carrying out "throwing hydrangea" activities from the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival. Anyone who can't catch the hydrangea will be given a souvenir to the other party. Those who miss the ball many times and can't redeem the souvenir will show their willingness to love.
During the Tujia Spring Festival, Tujia people will hold a grand waving dance. Hand-waving dance is an ancient dance popular in Tujia nationality, including hunting, military, farming, banquet and more than 70 dance moves. It has a distinct rhythm, beautiful movements, simple dancing, healthy mood, no props, distinctive national characteristics and a strong flavor of life.
The Dai Water-splashing Festival is the Dai people's New Year's Festival and the biggest traditional program of the Dai people in a year. The day when Grain Rain started was designated as the "Water-splashing Festival". During the three or four-day festival, people throw water at each other to show that they have washed away the old soil and wished happiness and peace in the new year.
Li people who live in Hainan Island, every family will kill pigs and chickens every Spring Festival, put on rich food and wine, and the whole family will sit around and eat "New Year's dinner". During the dinner, the whole family will also sing "New Year's Song". On the first and second day of junior high school, young and middle-aged men in the village will also hold a "Spring Festival Hunting". The prey of this day is enjoyed by the whole village. Interestingly, when dividing prey, half of all prey is given to the first shooter who hits the prey; The other half is shared equally by everyone. Pregnant women can get two points, passers-by happen to meet, and they can also get one.
The Yi people call the New Year's Festival "what is lost". Most of them make glutinous rice, glutinous rice and water wine, and put a little of the glutinous rice from the first mortar on peach and plum trees, wishing the next year fruitful. The Yi people in Nujiang, Yunnan, should first feed salt to the cattle to show their respect for their work. Young men and women like to hold Spring Festival shooting competitions. The girls hung the embroidered purse on the bamboo pole, and the purse swayed from side to side, asking the boys to shoot. Whoever shoots the purse first, the girls will send the wine as a prize to whose mouth.
On New Year's Eve of Lahu people, the whole family of Lahu compatriots should bathe themselves and prepare food for the next day. In food, special attention is paid to glutinous rice Baba. In addition to eating, cows should always be given some and put some on farm tools such as plows, hoes and machetes to reward their cooperation with their owners in the past year and wish them more wealth in the new year.
Daur people live on both sides of Nenjiang River in Northeast China. On the morning of the first day of the first lunar month, young men and women dress up, first pay their respects to their elders, toast and salute, and then pay New Year greetings from door to door. Every family prepares steamed cakes, and people who pay New Year greetings grab steamed cakes as soon as they enter the door. It is said that after eating them, their production and life can be "high year after year".
From the first day of the first month to the fifteenth day of the first month, in the villages and villages of the Mulao nationality, all men, women and children put on holiday costumes, and dozens, hundreds or even thousands of people gathered on the hillside or in the stadium to sing folk songs and enjoy singing about labor, life and love.
The only festival of Dulong people is the "Kaque Wow" Festival in the twelfth month of winter. The most solemn ceremony is the sacrifice of cattle to heaven. On this day, the patriarch tied the cow to a stake in the center of the square. A young woman hung a chain bead on the horn, and then a brave and strong young man, armed with a sharp bamboo spear, stabbed the ox in the armpit until it fell dead. At this moment, people dance "Niuguozhuang" and then share the beef.
On the morning of the Spring Festival, Oroqen compatriots in the northeast of China first pour wine in the family according to the size of their generations, and the young kowtow to the elderly, while the peers greet each other and hold horse races on the second and third days of the Spring Festival. Delicious food on the fifteenth day of the first month. On the morning of the 16th day of the first month, there will be activities to discredit each other. Young people should kowtow first when they discredit the elderly.
During the Hezhe Spring Festival, Hezhe means "Foeshikes", which means New Year's Eve. People wear animal skins embroidered with beautiful patterns, geometric patterns and lace such as flowers and birds on hats, collars, cuffs, trouser legs, aprons and uppers. On the New Year's Day, people usually have a "fire-spitting banquet", or make cakes with a wild fruit "thick plums" and fill them with fish, animal meat and other foods. Treat distinguished guests by killing live fish, or roasting fish sticks and entertaining them with this kind of "Tallaha".
When the Spring Festival comes, Jinuo people who live in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, the old man who chews betel nuts raises his head and plays the cymbals, and the old woman who wears a big pointed hat rings the gong with his head down. Zhou Ba (the father of the village) rings the drum first, and the young men and women dance in a circle with their bare hands. The Spring Festival is the most grand and lively ancient traditional festival among Chinese people. Different regions and different nationalities have their own unique customs and habits when celebrating the Spring Festival. The author of this paper, Mr. Lao She, a famous language master, used his elegant style and Beijing-style language to describe the folk customs of the Spring Festival in Beijing, showing the warmth and beauty of China's holiday customs, and expressing his recognition and love for traditional culture.
The article takes time as the longitude and people's activities as the latitude structure. The author first introduces that the Spring Festival in Beijing begins at the beginning of the twelfth lunar month: people cook laba porridge, soak laba garlic, buy new year's goods, spend the New Year … and make full preparations for the Spring Festival. Then, the three climaxes of the Spring Festival are described in detail: on New Year's Eve, every family lights up all night, firecrackers go on day and night, having a family reunion dinner, and observing the New Year; On the first day, men go out to pay New Year greetings, women receive guests at home, and children visit temple fairs. Watch lanterns, set off firecrackers and eat Yuanxiao. Finally, write the end of the Spring Festival on the 19th of the first month.
In this paper, a large number of customs of celebrating the Spring Festival in old Beijing are listed, which are full of interest and students like it. The content of the full text is arranged in an orderly way, the context is clear, the connection is close, the details are appropriate, and the nature is promoted. The language expression is simple, vivid and intriguing, and people's feelings of celebrating the Spring Festival are everywhere between the lines, reflecting the desire of old Beijingers to love life and pursue a better life.
The main purpose of this article is to feel the custom of celebrating the Spring Festival in old Beijing, arouse the desire to understand folk customs and arouse the interest in exploring traditional culture; The second is to learn the expression methods in a certain order, and to feel the author's language characteristics.
The teaching focus of this lesson: lead students to feel the grand and lively Spring Festival in old Beijing and understand the rich connotation of folk culture with the author's description.
The teaching difficulty of this lesson: the expression method adopted by the author to highlight the folk characteristics of the Spring Festival in Beijing.
2. Word analysis.
(1) Understanding of sentences.
This is not porridge, but a small agricultural exhibition.
"Agricultural exhibition" refers to the variety of rice, beans and dried fruits in Laba porridge, which seems to be gathered together for an exhibition. The author uses the expression of "analogy" to vividly write out the folk characteristic of boiling Laba porridge in the Spring Festival in old Beijing.
On New Year's Eve, every family lights up all night without interruption, and firecrackers go on day and night. People who work outside will come home for a reunion dinner unless they have to. This night, except for very young children, no one sleeps, and everyone has to stay up.
From the first sentence, we can fully feel that "New Year's Eve is really lively". Through the words "as a last resort" and "as a last resort", we can experience how much people attach importance to "having a family reunion dinner" on New Year's Eve, which is full of deep affection and infiltrated with traditional virtues. According to the custom of old Beijing, you can't sleep on New Year's Eve, but you should have a good night. This is called "Shounian". "Guarding the old age" has two meanings: older people keep the old age on New Year's Eve, which means cherishing time; Young people keep their old age to prolong their parents' life. Reading these sentences, we can not only understand the custom of Spring Festival in Beijing, but also deeply understand the rich connotation of traditional folk culture.
(3) Lantern Festival is listed, and another climax of the Spring Festival has arrived.
Lantern Festival here is like the "sweet dumplings" in the south. "New Year's Eve is really lively", which is the first climax of the Spring Festival; On the first day of the lunar new year, visiting temple fairs, although "the scene is completely different from New Year's Eve", is equally lively, which is the second climax of the Spring Festival; On the fifteenth day of the first month of the Lantern Festival, Yuanxiao is sold in the market and eaten by every household, which is the third climax of the Spring Festival. The word "you" shows the author's ingenuity in structuring the article and coordinating the content.
In the blink of an eye, I arrived at the Temple of the Remnant Lights, and the Spring Festival ended on the 19th day of the first month.
This sentence plays a connecting role in the text. Residual lamp: lanterns gradually become less and go out; Last Temple: The last day of the temple fair. From the first day of the first month, people began to visit temple fairs. On the fifth day of the first month, lanterns were decorated everywhere. On the 19th day of the first month, the lanterns gradually disappeared and went out. On the last day of the temple fair, the grand and lively Spring Festival ended. Nineteen days of "beautiful and happy days" actually passed in a blink of an eye, and the author's reluctant mood is vividly in the sentence. This sentence also echoes the first sentence of the text, "According to the old rules in Beijing, the Spring Festival begins almost at the beginning of the twelfth lunar month", which makes the article complete and integrated.
(2) Understanding of words.
Spring Festival: the first day of the first lunar month is a traditional festival in China, and it also refers to the days after the first day of the first lunar month. Commonly known as "Chinese New Year".
December: December of the lunar calendar.
Laba porridge: Laba is the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. On the day of Laba, porridge is cooked with grains such as rice and beans and dried fruits such as dates, chestnuts and lotus seeds.
Diabolo: a traditional fitness toy made of bamboo and wood, which is hollow and can make noise.
The first ten days of each month, also called "the first ten days".
Off-year: a festival in the lunar calendar. On the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, the old custom worships stoves on this day.
New Year's Eve: the night of the last day of the lunar year, also referring to the last day of the year.
Temple Fair: A fair located in or near a temple and held on a festival or a specified day.
Skillful: Skillful.
Lantern Festival: The night of the 15th day of the first lunar month. Because this day is called Shangyuan Festival, it is called Yuanxiao at night. The text refers to the Lantern Festival (also known as Lantern Festival) as a seasonal food, and in the south it is called "glutinous rice balls".
Distinctive: The appearance of being clearly and categorically separated. Describe two things that have nothing in common. This lesson refers to the sharp contrast between the "noisy" on New Year's Eve and the "quiet" on the first day of the first month.
Vientiane update: Vientiane: all the sights in the universe. More: change. Everything or the scene becomes brand-new.
Second, the teaching objectives
1.can write 14 new words, and correctly read and write the words "Emerald, Vientiane renewal, lights all night, day and night, totally different, as a last resort, decorated with lights, sound and light, various colors" and so on.
2. Read the text with emotion, understand the customs of the Spring Festival in old Beijing, feel the lively atmosphere of the festival, and understand the national civilization and traditional culture in the holiday customs.
3. Try to figure out the expression order of the article and realize the benefits of detailed writing and abbreviated writing.
Third, teaching suggestions
1.Before class, students can be asked to consult relevant books or search for information on the Internet, and collect articles, poems, nursery rhymes, Spring Festival couplets, etc. written by ancient and modern literati. When students study this unit, just after the Spring Festival, they can also talk about how they spent the Spring Festival from the reality of their lives.
2. Grasp the content as a whole and clear up the writing ideas. This article covers a long time span and contains many contents, from the beginning of the twelfth lunar month to the nineteenth of the first month, and lists a series of customs of celebrating the Spring Festival in old Beijing. Therefore, it is the key to learn this lesson well to clarify the thinking of writing. The contents of the article are arranged in chronological order, which can be divided into five periods: ①1-6 natural period (the Spring Festival begins almost at the beginning of the twelfth lunar month); 27 natural section (New Year's Eve); ③ 8-10 natural section (the first day of the first month); ④11-12 natural section (Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month); ⑤ 13 natural section (end of the 19th day of the first month). Each part begins with a word indicating time, which constitutes the total sentence and the central sentence of each paragraph, followed by examples around the central sentence. In the teaching process, after reading the text for the first time, let the students talk about the overall impression left by the Spring Festival in Beijing, and then guide the students to realize the natural and smooth structure and clear context.
After reading the text for the first time, you can fill in the following form:
time
social customs and habits
3. Experience the detailed and appropriate expression effect. The text begins with the beginning of the Spring Festival in Beijing, and briefly introduces what people have done to prepare for the Spring Festival. Some folk customs are only mentioned in one sentence. For example, "it must be cleaned once" and "most shops are closed in Wutian Gate and will not open until the sixth day of the first month". Followed by a detailed description of the New Year's Eve, the first day, Lantern Festival three climax. Finally, briefly explain the end of the Spring Festival. The advantages of this writing are point-to-face combination, prominent focus, clear priorities and impressive. In teaching, students should be given enough time to study since the enlightenment by themselves, and teachers should give timely instructions to achieve this teaching goal.
4. Read the sentence, imagine the picture and understand the expression method. Mr. Lao She once said, "No matter what I write, I always hope to trust the vernacular; Even if I explain a deeper truth, I don't use terms and nouns one after another. I still maintain my vulgarity and whiteness. Mr. Lao She's language style is simple and natural, fluent and accessible, simple and vulgar, elegant and vulgar, and intriguing. This language style can be seen everywhere in the text, for example, "This is not porridge, but a small agricultural exhibition" and "The 23rd of the twelfth lunar month is almost a rehearsal for the Spring Festival". In the teaching process, it is not necessary to cover everything, so as to guide students to grasp the part where they feel the deepest about the text and concentrate on reading it, so as to cultivate a sense of language.
This paper has more scene descriptions and a strong sense of pictures. It is necessary to guide students to read aloud with feelings, imagine pictures and understand expression methods. Let the students contact with the real life, truly feel the different folk customs of the Spring Festival in Beijing, and lead the students to understand the connotation of the folk customs displayed in this lesson-the affection, nostalgia, wishes and expectations represented by the Spring Festival, and the psychological characteristics and cultural traditions of the Chinese nation reflected from it. For example, "these competitions are not about who is the first and who is the second, but about performing the beautiful posture and skillful skills of horses, camels and riders in front of the audience." This picture can reflect the national psychological characteristics and cultural traditions of simplicity and kindness, advocating labor, loving life and pursuing beauty.
Comprehension of expression methods is mainly to guide students to learn detailed and sketchy expression methods in a certain order, and focus on guiding students to understand the author's language expression characteristics. For example, "La Qi La Ba, freezing to death in Western jackdaw", citing the saying that the Spring Festival in Beijing begins at the coldest time of the year; Another example is, "By the end of the year, garlic is soaked like jade, and vinegar has some spicy taste, which makes people want to eat more jiaozi." Combine narrative and description to praise Laba garlic; Another example is, "porridge is made of all kinds of rice, all kinds of beans and all kinds of dried fruits." This is not porridge, but a small agricultural exhibition. " It is natural to use parallelism and metaphor to compare porridge to a "small agricultural exhibition", which shows that porridge is rich in materials and expresses pride and expectation for a bumper harvest.
5. New words can focus on guiding error-prone words. For example, don't miss a horizontal line on the left side of "vinegar", and the lower left side of "sedan chair" is not a horizontal line. Under chestnut is wood instead of rice.
6. In addition to practicing fast silent reading, the first question after class is intended to grasp the content of the text as a whole, fully understand the folk customs of the Spring Festival in Beijing, and grasp the most impressive scenes or details to talk about feelings. In communication, students can be guided to contact the local customs of celebrating the Spring Festival and compare their feelings. This topic should be completed by the interaction between teachers, students and students in the teaching process.
The second question after class aims to implement the key goal of this year's paragraph-"try to figure out the expression order of the article" and "understand the detailed and appropriate expression method of the article" This topic should be carried out after grasping the content of the full text, find out the detailed description part, read aloud with emotion, combine reading and discussion, promote each other, and truly realize the benefits of being detailed and appropriate.
The practice intention of the third question after class is to further understand the customs and habits of different regions and nationalities in connection with life experience, and feel the folk culture and national spirit contained in traditional festivals, thus stimulating the interest in exploring traditional culture.
7. After class, the "reading link" can be completed in class or after class. The first purpose is to expand the information of holiday customs; The second is to train browsing, improve browsing speed and cultivate the ability to capture useful information; The third is to compare with the relevant parts of the text and learn different writing methods. For example, in Chinese New Year, "I didn't particularly like Chinese New Year when I was a child", "I cleaned leftovers every day" and "I was so sleepy that I didn't have the appetite to eat", which wrote another feeling different from the text. Another example is "New Year's Eve", which introduces the New Year's custom in southern Fujian, so that students can compare it with the New Year's Eve in the text and see what the differences are.
Fourth, teaching cases
In the first lesson,
First, understand the content of the unit and introduce new lessons
1.Understand the unit lead. Starting today, we are going to study the second group of texts. Please read the unit introduction and see what this group of texts has arranged.
(1) This group of texts is mainly about folk customs in different regions.
(2) We can carry out investigation activities in combination with the study of the text to understand the folk customs of festivals, costumes, diets, houses and other aspects.
2. Understand the arrangement of the text. Let's look at the title of the text again and see what content is arranged in this group of textbooks around "folk customs"
3. Students recalled the Spring Festival.
Let the students remember first: How did we spend the Spring Festival? To guide students to feel that the Spring Festival is a festive festival and a reunion festival! Thereby arousing students' interest in learning.
Second, read the text for the first time, perceive it as a whole and answer questions.
Please read the Spring Festival in Beijing freely, mark the natural paragraphs, and think about it: What impression did the Spring Festival in Beijing leave on you as a whole? If you don't understand anything, bring it up later.
1.Global perception. What impression did the Spring Festival in Beijing leave on you as a whole?
2. Communicate what you understand and what you don't understand.
(1) What did you read during the learning process? Such as:
December: December of the lunar calendar. The last day of the twelfth lunar month is what we call New Year's Eve. The second day of New Year's Eve is the first day of the first month, which is what we call Chinese New Year.
First ten days: a month is divided into three days, and ten days is ten days. The first ten days of a month is the first ten days.
(2) What other places have not been understood? Bring them up and let's solve them together. Such as:
Diabolo: You can watch videos or pictures to learn about different kinds of diabolos, play a lot, and whistle. It's fun.
Overpass: not the footbridge we usually talk about. Tianqiao is a very lively place in old Beijing. There were rivers and bridges at that time, so it was called Tianqiao. Tianqiao is a very big market. There are many folk artists performing arts, many Beijing snacks, many storytellers, and all kinds of things can be bought and sold.
Temple at the end of the lantern: combined with the notes and the content of the text, we can know that it refers to the end of the Spring Festival.
Third, silently read and fill in the form to understand the time and customs of the Spring Festival.
1.Find out how long the Spring Festival is in Beijing.
When does the Spring Festival in Beijing begin and end? At the beginning of the first paragraph, the text says, "According to the old rules in Beijing, the Spring Festival begins almost at the beginning of the twelfth lunar month", and at the end of the paragraph, it says, "The Spring Festival ends on the nineteenth day of the first month". It can be seen that the Spring Festival in Beijing is particularly long, with more than a month. )
2. Read the text silently and fill in the form in cooperation.
In this more than a month's time, what days did Mr. Lao She write? Please read the text silently, draw the time written by Mr. Lao She and fill it in the left side of the form; Look at the specific customs and habits during these times and fill them in on the right side of the form. When filling out the form, you can cooperate at the same table and report to you later.
Time [] customs and habits
3. Report and communicate to understand the writing order and the custom of the Spring Festival.
(1) Please listen and compare the forms you have filled out, mark them and discuss them later. (The column of "customs and habits" is not required to be filled in comprehensively and carefully, and the contents of the form are for reference. )
(2) According to the tips in the table, did the students find out in what order the texts were written? (chronological order)
Fourth, read aloud freely and practice difficult sentences.
1.Free reading: By reading and filling in forms and communicating with each other, we have a better understanding of the customs of the Spring Festival in Beijing. Now practice reading the text freely. If you find it difficult to read, read it several times and try to read it well.
2. Show reading aloud: Just now, I practiced reading some difficult places and read them for everyone.
V. Conclusion and assignment
In this lesson, we learned about the customs of the Spring Festival in Beijing, the writing order of the text, what we didn't understand and practiced difficult sentences. There are many new words in this text. Please copy them carefully after class and prepare for dictation in the next class.
In the second lesson
Dictate new words, check and correct mistakes against the text
The first ten days, garlic cloves, jadeite, beautiful color and taste, jiaozi, miscellaneous children, hazelnuts, chestnuts, firecrackers, kites, complete temples, visiting temple fairs and decorating with lanterns.
Second, review the writing order and main contents
Last class, I filled out the form and made a report exchange. Now recall, talk to each other at the same table: in what order did Mr. Lao She write it? What did you mainly write?
1.Writing order: chronological order.
2. Main content: It mainly introduces that the Spring Festival in Beijing starts from the 10th day of the twelfth lunar month and ends on the 19th day of the first month. People cook Laba porridge and soak Laba garlic on Laba Day. On the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, New Year's Eve is very lively, but the scene of the first day is completely different. The Lantern Festival is another climax of the Spring Festival. Until the 19th day of the first month, the Spring Festival ended.
Third, distinguish the details and practice reading aloud
1.Distinguish the details: which parts of the text are detailed and which parts are abbreviated?
(1) Meditation: Please read the text silently and mark the detailed parts.
(2) Collective communication: it is clear that the author wrote four parts in detail: "Laba, New Year's Eve, the first day of the first month, and Yuanxiao".
2. Practice reading aloud: read the four parts in detail, and pay attention to reading correctly and fluently.
(1) Practice reading freely.
(2) Show reading aloud: Which part do you think you read well and which part you study? Achieve the goal of reading the text correctly and fluently in reading, evaluation and group practice.
Fourth, write the fragments in detail, feel the excitement of the Spring Festival in Beijing, and experience the author's expression method.
Among the four days written in detail by Mr. Lao She, which day do you like best? Read it in depth, sketch out the place that impressed you the most, and make some comments based on your feelings about the New Year, ready to communicate with you.
During the whole communication process, we should pay attention to the combination of reading and enlightenment. While deeply understanding the customs of the Spring Festival in Beijing, we should feel the lively atmosphere of the Spring Festival in Beijing and appreciate the charm of Mr. Lao She's language. The key points of communication are as follows:
1.Laba: Boil Laba porridge and soak Laba garlic.
(1) Boiling Laba porridge: "Porridge is made of all kinds of rice, all kinds of beans and all kinds of dried fruits. This is not porridge, but a small agricultural exhibition. " Realize the popularity and interest of Mr. Lao She's language.
(2) Soaking Laba garlic: "By the end of the year, garlic is soaked like jade, and vinegar has some spicy taste, which makes people want to eat more jiaozi." Highlighting the words "color as jade" and "beauty in color and taste", we realize that Mr. Lao She's language is concise and presents us with a vivid picture, which is also the charm of Mr. Lao She's language.
2. New Year's Eve. Grasp total sentence's "New Year's Eve is really lively" to experience.
(1) from the perspective of people's activities. "Every family cooks New Year's dishes", "Men, women and children wear new clothes", "People who work outside will come home for a reunion dinner unless they have to" and "No one sleeps except very young children", which is enough to show that almost all people are celebrating New Year's Eve. Of course, it is lively.
(2) From the perspective of "taste, color and sound". There is the smell of wine and meat everywhere, red couplets, various New Year pictures, lights on every house all night, and firecrackers all day and night. Lao She described the fragrance, color and sound in an all-round way, fully showing the excitement of New Year's Eve, which shows that Mr. Lao She described it delicately.
3. The first day of the first month. Mainly through people's activities.
(1) It's "completely different" from New Year's Eve: the whole city is resting, and most shop owners won't open until the sixth day.
(2) People's activities: Men pay New Year greetings to relatives and friends before noon. Women receive guests at home. Vendors set up stalls outside the temple, children like to visit temple fairs, and many people take part in camel races! In short, everyone is not idle, or visiting relatives and friends, or shopping and playing games, which can be described as relaxed and comfortable.
4. Lantern Festival. Mainly through the description of the lamp to experience.
(1) Draw a sentence about writing a lamp and read it freely.
(2) Talk about your own experience.
The number of lights is large: you can feel it from the words "everywhere is decorated with lights", "the whole street is like a happy event", "hundreds of lights are hung in famous old shops" and "there are lights at home".
There are many kinds of lights: you can feel them from "all kinds of lights", "all of them are glass" and "there are lights at home".
(3) Mr. Lao She focuses on describing the large number and variety of lamps. What is the purpose?
In order to highlight "Yuanxiao is another climax of the Spring Festival" and "Yuanxiao is indeed a beautiful and happy day". This is also total sentence's summary sentence about Lantern Festival, and the author adopts the paragraph structure of total-sub-total.
Five, review the full text, experience the benefits of detailed writing.
Guide the students to understand through discussion that Lao She, while introducing the customs of the Spring Festival as a whole, focuses on the four days of Laba, New Year's Eve, the first day of the first month and Yuanxiao, so that the customs and habits of the Spring Festival will leave a deeper impression on us! This is also the advantage of being detailed and properly written.
Sixth, learn "reading links"
Guide students to realize that Grandpa Lao She wrote only one sentence in "Spring Festival in Beijing" about "cooking new year's dinner" and "having a reunion dinner". But Liang Shiqiu and Si Lin wrote in great detail. At the same time, I know that you can write New Year's Eve in different ways. In future exercises, we should also be good at using different writing methods flexibly, writing personality and writing characteristics.
V. Related links
1.Lao She (1899— 1966) is a famous modern writer. Formerly known as Shu Qingchun, she Yu was a Manchu. Born in a poor family in Beijing. 19 18 After graduating from normal school, he used to be the principal of Beijing No.17 Primary School and a Chinese teacher of Tianjin Nankai Middle School. In the May 4th New Culture Movement, he began to write in vernacular. 1924 went to England, and served as a Chinese lecturer at Oriental College of London University. 1929 returned to China, and successively served as a professor at cheeloo university in Jinan and Shandong University in Qingdao. 1937, his masterpiece Camel Xiangzi came out and was translated into more than a dozen languages, which had a great international influence. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, with the direct care and help of Zhou Enlai, he engaged in literary activities of the Anti-Japanese War. 1946 went to the United States to give lectures. 1949 After returning to China, he served as a member of the Cultural and Educational Committee of the State Council, deputy to the National People's Congress, vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, vice chairman of the All-China Writers Association, member of the Beijing Municipal People's Committee, and chairman of the Municipal Federation of Literary and Art Circles. He worked hard and wrote 20 plays after liberation, which was regarded as a model worker in the literary and art team. 1966 died at the age of 67.