A, ambition is the source of learning power
Microbiologist, chemist Pasteur said: "ambition, work, success is the three elements of human activity. Aspiration is the door to success, work is the journey to the top, the end of this journey there is a success waiting, to celebrate the results of your efforts."
As a high school student, should learn to grasp the pulse of the times, facing the future, set up to revitalize the motherland, set up a self-successful ambition, but also to gradually cultivate and set up their own professional aspects of the aspirations and ideals. With ambitious aspirations, there is a strong motivation to strive for excellence, strive for success, study hard, and strive for excellent results.
Two, across the good from middle school to high school learning steps
Between middle school and high school, in the knowledge of its continuity. The knowledge learned in middle school is the knowledge base for high school learning. However, compared to middle school, high school subjects in the breadth of knowledge, depth of content has increased significantly. Therefore, to recognize the difference between high school and middle school in terms of learning content, learning methods, to be prepared, and actively create conditions to adapt to the study of various subjects as soon as possible, is very necessary.
Relative to middle school learning, high school learning across the knowledge and ability of two steps. The content and structure of knowledge in high school compared to middle school has made two leaps: from the concrete to the abstract, from the special to the general, in the breadth and depth of knowledge are greatly improved. In terms of ability, high school learning students put forward higher requirements, such as abstract generalization thinking ability, logical reasoning thinking ability, analysis and synthesis ability, self-study ability, etc. are required to have a greater development and improvement.
From middle school to high school, in learning to cross a higher step. In order to successfully cross this step, we have to have enough thought to prepare for a new, different from the junior high school learning methods, learn the high school curriculum.
Three, to find a set of suitable for their own learning methods
Learning methods are varied, each student should be based on their own characteristics, and gradually work out a set of suitable for their own good learning methods. Here are some of the more appropriate learning methods for students to refer to in high school.
1. Strive to achieve comprehensive development and cultivate a combination of individuality and strengths
Secondary school students should be moral, intellectual, physical, and aesthetic all-round development. As far as subject learning is concerned, it is also necessary to develop comprehensively. Language, English as the basic tools of language and writing, mathematics as the basic tools of arithmetic, must first learn; physics, chemistry, biology, computers, as the basis of modern science and technology, but also strive to learn; the study of political science, can enable us to establish the correct political direction and scientific outlook on the world, outlook on life, history, geographic knowledge, and music, fine arts and other art subjects, for the cultural cultivation and the ideological state of mind, and cultivate a refined arts and culture. Improvement, as well as cultivate the development of appreciation and discernment of elegant art, are indispensable.
As a secondary school student, on the basis of all-round development, you should also develop your own personality strengths. Cultivate their own personality strengths, there are two meanings. One is to prepare for their own X subject, both to develop interest in it, but also to strive to learn this X subject better. The second meaning is to have an area or skill that you are particularly passionate about, such as computer technology, calligraphy, painting, music, physical education, etc., and strive to achieve a high level of proficiency. To get off that traditional track of being one of a kind and allow your personality, creative spirit and potential talents to develop. Which you have a specialty, you in that one activity and its related competition or examination to show your talent.
2. Learn to read
Successful scholars, are characterized by a fascination with reading. "Read a million volumes, the pen like a god." As a secondary school student, reading, first of all, read the textbook, and then also extensive extracurricular reading.
(1) the correct use of textbooks
Textbooks, is the basis for teaching and learning. To learn each subject well, you must pay attention to and learn to read textbooks. Some students do not know how to use the textbook, often just after class from the book to find out the formula to solve the problem, the exercises out, thought it was read the textbook. This method of using books is never feasible in high school. In different parts of the study, it is necessary to read the textbook, but there are different requirements.
Before class, it is best to preview the content of the textbook to be taught, this time is skimming, as long as you know what will be said on it, there is no understanding of the note, the classroom carefully listen to understand it. Pre-reading is to make listening to the class in mind, improve the efficiency of listening to the class.
The first thing to do after class is not to do exercises, but to read the text. Review after class, is the digestion stage, is their own in-depth understanding, analysis and synthesis of the active thinking process, must be timely, carefully, word by word, read the textbook, and on this basis, brain and hands, active digestion.
Finally, after learning each chapter, you should also read the whole chapter text again, do a whole chapter summary, the whole chapter is organized into an outline of the contents of the purpose of the system content, systematic mastery of it. This is a kind of knowledge summarization.
(2) extensive extracurricular reading
In addition to the intensive reading of textbooks, in order to develop their own vision, cultivate the ability of self-learning, should also carry out a wide range of extracurricular reading, especially popular science books and newspapers. On the popular science newspaper articles, in addition to their own special interest can be read carefully, generally as long as the general reading can be. In the general reading may encounter some of their own reading or reading do not understand the problem, it does not matter, from reading to know that there is such a thing, is also beneficial, the main significance of this reading is to expand your knowledge, active your thinking.
3. Do experiments carefully
Experiments are the foundation and the most important research method in physics, chemistry, biology and other subjects. When studying physics, chemistry, biology and other subjects, experiments can help us understand and consolidate relevant knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to learn to experiment. In high school, how will we science experiments?
(1) to seriously learn the famous experiments in history. Learning these famous experiments in history, experimental methods, experimental principles and experimental equipment, can inspire our own thinking, so that we can learn from our own experiments, absorb the essence, and realize the importance of careful observation of the phenomenon and scientific generalization.
(2) correct observation of demonstration experiments. Demonstration experiments in the classroom, the teacher is operating, guiding us to correctly observe, analyze and summarize from the experiment to draw the law of the experiment. At this time, although we do not have the opportunity to do it, but in the process of the experiment, you can fully watch and listen, but also fully think. Observe the demonstration experiment. First of all, we should listen carefully to the teacher's explanation about why we should do this experiment and how to arrange the experiment, clarify the purpose of the experiment, and know what factors to consider, what interference to exclude, what instruments to use, how they work and so on. In the process of demonstration, to see the purpose of each step, the operation process, the phenomenon of change process, how to do can be successful, how will lead to failure and so on. In short, look at the demonstration of experiments, to carefully observe and think, focus on observation and thinking about the purpose of the experiment, principles, devices, experimental procedures and changes in the process, and can not only look at the results of the experiment, and can not only think that look good, fun and satisfied.
(3) seriously do the experiment. Teaching arranged in the student experiment, is extremely valuable learning opportunities. Hearing is better than seeing, not as good as doing, to really master the experimental skills, must be practiced through their own. How to do good experiments? That is to do "six to six do not":
First, we must study, clear experimental purpose, principles, steps, to achieve the overall situation. Do not mind countless, experiments in the hands and feet, after the experiment on the results of the experiment at a loss.
Second, to understand the performance of the instrument and the use of precautions, care of the instrument. Don't play around and use it arbitrarily.
Third, we must carefully observe the experimental phenomena and the details of the process of change, through the phenomenon to see the essence. Do not be careless to see the fun.
Fourth, we must operate in a standardized manner, and develop a good experimental literacy, which is the guarantee of obtaining accurate experimental results and experimental success. Do not do as you wish, haphazard operation or even damage the instrument.
Fifth, both hands and brain, not only in the operation of the effort, and actively use the brain to think y about why to do so, do not just do not think.
Sixth, we must seriously deal with experimental data, analyze the results of the experiment, find out the reasons for the error, fill in the experimental report. Do not scribble sloppily, in order to get satisfactory results and patchwork data.
4. Develop good habits and norms of practice
Doing practice is an important part of high school learning, traditionally valued by students, it is a thorough understanding and consolidation of the knowledge learned, the development of the application of knowledge and the ability to solve real-world problems, all play a great role. To do a good job of practicing, you must have good habits. If you only pursue the answer and the number of questions, and fall into the sea of questions, you are bound to achieve little.
Understanding and mastering the basics is a prerequisite for completing the exercises correctly. The basic concepts and laws are the basis for solving problems. The reason why you can't solve the problem or solve the problem incorrectly is often because the basic concepts and laws are not well understood.
What should be the correct method and good habits of doing exercises?
First of all, you should review the questions carefully. For example, when solving physics problems, you should first carefully analyze the object of study and the physical process. To carefully read the title of each sentence, each concept, each figure, each unit, so that they are clear about the meaning of the question. Then determine the object of study is which object or which system, these objects undergo what process, so as to determine the goal and basis for solving the problem.
Sketching is a way to help us analyze the topic and make it visual and concrete.
To list the known conditions and unknown quantities. Some of the known conditions in the practice problems are directly given as known quantities, and some are not directly given, but indirectly, implied in some of the given values or information, which should be analyzed and based on some interrelationships in order to find out.
According to the analysis of the problem, to find out the relationship between the physical quantities, to determine the physical formulas to solve the problem. To pay special attention to some exercises in the approximate conditions or the critical state of the transition. Also note that many physical exercises, due to the different perspectives and ideas, the choice of different objects of study, the use of physical formulas and different mathematical methods, there can be several different solutions. When doing exercises, it is necessary to practice multiple solutions to a problem. Through a variety of solutions to analyze and compare, not only can make the knowledge coherent, but also learn to choose the most simple, the most ingenious solution.
In arithmetic, it is necessary to harmonize the system of units.
The solution of physics exercises, not a solution to the results that the purpose, but also to study whether these results are reasonable, whether it has been complete, whether there is a range of values, and so on. Must confirm that the answer has been comprehensive and reasonable, correct, solve the problem before the end.
Doing exercises, pay attention to the cultivation of serious and rigorous style of learning, to achieve the expression of norms.
Practice, test by the teacher correction sent back, can not just look at the score, we must carefully study the teacher correction of the problems pointed out, check and find their own in the understanding and application of knowledge in the loopholes and errors, and make up and correct in a timely manner. Should establish a record of wrong questions, carefully analyze the reasons, find out the corresponding weak knowledge to strengthen, so that it is possible to avoid making the same mistakes.
5. Master the method of memorization
Learning, there are a lot of knowledge requires us to memorize, so that at any time you can take out and apply. How can we memorize them quickly, completely and accurately?
Understanding is the basis of memorization. In high school, it is more important to emphasize the deepening of understanding on the basis of memory, in the combination of understanding and memory have higher requirements.
Some of the concepts and laws of science seem to be simple, some are very abstract and complex, in any case, in the study should be analyzed to clarify the ins and outs, highlighting the elements, seize the key, so that you can deepen the impression, you can achieve an understanding of the same time to memorize, and can be flexibly used in the analysis and problem solving. （
In the study of certain issues, many concepts, laws often appear in groups. In addition to the study of their ins and outs, should also be compared vertically and horizontally, to find out how to get, how to apply, how to launch some formulas from some other formulas, they should also be related to similar formulas from the form, content, characteristics of the comparison to identify. You can make a list of analogies, knowledge categorization, to master the knowledge of the intrinsic connection and mutual distinction. In this way, the more complex content, but also to sort out the system and clues, and can clearly memorize and use them. (Comparison and linkage categorization memory method)
Repeatedly self-picking up and repeated application is a necessary step to consolidate memory. Review after each lesson, unit review, problem solving and application, experimental operations, semester year review, there should be a plan to make good arrangements in order to continue to consolidate their memory.
IV. Combine learning knowledge and learning methods to develop the ability to
Learning, not only to master the basic knowledge of each subject, but also with the study of a number of scientific research methods, to develop the ability to effectively engage in learning, work and explore the unknown. With these abilities, you can learn fast and well, and grow up to have a stronger ability to work independently and inventive ability.
In solving problems, you can not just solve it even if, but to raise to the height of mastering the basic methods of solving problems.
In high school, to cultivate the ability is multi-faceted, the following mainly talk about observation ability, thinking ability, practical hands-on ability, as well as the cultivation of innovative spirit and creative ability.
Observation ability A strong observation ability of the students, in the observation of experiments and their own experiments, they can grasp the process and the characteristics of the phenomenon, can be keen to find some of the original set of unexpected or nuanced phenomena, but also from the surrounding daily life to obtain a lot of knowledge. How to develop their observation skills?
Observation must be clear, focused, and grasp the characteristics of the observation phenomenon. For each step of the experiment, it should be clear what is mainly explored or verified, and focus the attention of the observation on this point. Observation must also be fine, pay attention to what new phenomena occur, rather than skimming the surface, blind.
We also need to be sensitive to observation, and some phenomena should be observed repeatedly. In the process of observation and active thinking, in practice, you can continue to improve their observation skills.
Thinking ability Thinking ability is the core of various abilities. Thinking includes the process of analysis, synthesis, generalization, abstraction, reasoning, imagination and so on. Thinking ability should be cultivated through the formation of concepts, the derivation of laws, the establishment of models, and the application of knowledge. Therefore, in the learning process, not only to learn knowledge, but also to learn the scientific method of thinking, the development of thinking ability.
To improve thinking ability, we must often use the comparative method of learning. First of all, in the study of each new concept, not only listen to the teacher to explain, but also to compare themselves, find similar examples, deepen the understanding. Secondly, when you learn concepts and laws of similar significance, you should compare them and analyze their differences and connections from various angles and aspects. Often use the comparative method of learning, you can learn to comprehensively analyze the problem, from a variety of things to find their connections, differences and their respective characteristics, so that the breadth and depth of thinking has been improved.
The ability to practice hands-on learning both to be good at brain, but also good at hands. Practical ability mainly refers to the ability to make things, and develop a series of willful qualities related to intelligence (such as the design of a good operation step beforehand, the correct use of instruments and tools, pay attention to the accuracy and precision, early correction of deviation or quickly change to a more reasonable program, etc.). Doing well in the classroom group experiments and small experiments with the class, and actively participating in a variety of creative experimental design and scientific and technological inventions and creations outside the classroom can make their practical hands-on ability to get a good improvement. In the classroom, extracurricular experiments and various design and production activities, we should strive to combine with the application of modern information technology to cultivate the ability to collect, process and utilize information.
Innovative spirit and creative ability To cultivate one's creative talent, one must first learn to find problems and dare to ask questions. Einstein said, "It is often more important to discover problems than to solve them." Dare to question the existing conclusions, dare to express their different opinions, dare to explore through their own to "discover" knowledge. Through the teacher's guidance in the classroom under the research study, as well as outside the classroom to set their own topics, independent research exploration, experience the process of knowledge discovery, learn to learn, learn to think, learn to learn to differentiate, learn to innovate. It is important to know that the development of science cannot be separated from creation, and creative thinking is indispensable for making progress in science in the future. Today, with the innovative spirit of learning, he will be able to build the country's socialist construction, to seize the high-level field of scientific and technological development in the "high point", and then control a large area of open space, to become a peak of scientific and technological excellence.