The growth process of mung beans is:

Mung beans are sown from the ground to grow mung bean seedlings, by the mung bean seedlings grow into mung bean strong seedlings, flowering and fruiting, into a strip, about 10 centimeters long, by the green fruit transformed into black mung bean fruits, this time the mung bean has matured and harvested, the fruit with the sun to dry the fruit to remove the husk is the new mung bean, mung beans from the mung bean husk broken out.

1. planting method?

The mung bean can be monocropped, can also be planted intercropping or mixed sowing. It is a good precrop for cereal crops. In recent years, as a filler crop, mung bean monoculture area increased year by year, in many wheat-producing areas such as the Huanghuai Plain area to take more wheat and mung bean crop rotation. The masses from the comparison of wheat previous crops, that mung beans can not only fix nitrogen, but also early crop (generally 10-20 days earlier than other summer crops).

Mung bean is often intercropped with corn, sorghum, cotton, sweet potato, sesame, cereals and other crops, also planted in fruit trees, forest rows, ridges and gaps in the ground. China's farmers have a very rich experience in intercropping mung bean. For example, Jiangxi Yichun area, in 1982 in 250,000 acres of sweet potato land set seed mung bean, not only more mung bean, sweet potato yield increased by 8.9%, this kind of set seeding, both economic and simple, and help to improve soil fertility, a multi-purpose.

Mung bean avoid continuous cropping, mung bean should not be cabbage for the previous crop.

2. growth process?

Mung bean sowing pre-sowing for: spring sowing late April to early May, summer sowing late May to early June, into August to start harvesting, generally in the first half of August began to market. Mung beans are poorly tolerant of moisture and cold, and are afraid of flooding. However, failure to ensure more adequate moisture during the podding period (July-August) can affect the harvest. Mungbean yield is about 90-150 kg/mu.?

3. Biological characteristics?

(1) Light?

Mungbean is a short-day crop, but there are more cultivars are not sensitive to photoperiodic response. Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, a research report pointed out that: in the 1273 mung bean varieties of resources, photoperiodic response insensitive accounted for 47%; in 16 hours of light delayed flowering for more than 10 days accounted for 18%; in 12 hours of light can not bloom, and in 16 hours of light blooming inhibition accounted for 31%; whether it is in the 12 hours or in the 16 hours of light can not bloom accounted for 40%. 40%. Farmers from all over the country mung bean varieties in Beijing summer sowing, varieties from high latitudes, generally more precocious, and thus low latitudes to the varieties, a number of early maturity type, but also late fertility, but in addition to a very small number of varieties, are able to bloom and set, and there are a considerable number of varieties are suitable for both spring sowing, and also suitable for summer sowing, indicating that mung bean response to the photoperiod is insensitive.

(2) temperature?

The mung bean is suitable for planting a wide range of temperate zone to the tropics can be cultivated, like a warm and humid climate, high temperature resistance, the average daily temperature of 30-36 ℃, lush growth (suitable for green manure). Temperature in 8-12 ℃ can germinate, suitable for the growth of the temperature of 25-30 ℃. The temperature is too high, the stem and leaves grow too much, and the number of flowering pods is small. Generally the temperature is lower than 20 ℃ or higher than 30 ℃, can not flower and pod. The pod maturation period requires sunny and dry weather. Effective cumulative temperature of early-maturing varieties is 1600-1800 ℃. Late-maturing varieties 2300-2400 ℃. Frost resistance in the late reproductive stage is weaker than that of soybeans, and the plant will freeze to death when the temperature drops to 0℃. Seed germination on the plant is also reduced.?

(3) moisture?

Mung beans are drought-resistant, farmers have "dry mung beans, waterlogged beans" proverb, but mung beans still need a certain amount of water during the reproductive period, the seedling needs less water, water needs to increase before and after the flowering period. Too much water will lead to too many flowers and pods failure, drop flowers and pods, reduce yield. A study in Taiwan Province pointed out. The average water requirement of mung bean plants is 3.2 mm/day (soybean & corn 3.2-3.3 mm/day, sorghum 2.8 mm/day, sweet potato 1.8 mm/day). Physiological studies by the Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center also reported that a water deficit of 7 days reduced photosynthesis rates by 76-99% and led to a 28.45% reduction in yield per plant at different growth stages. Ishii's research in Japan also found that mung beans produce more than 90% of the hard fruits when soil water holding capacity is reduced from 50% to 20% during flowering to maturity. Mung beans are afraid of waterlogging, the soil is too wet and easy to grow and collapse, the flowering period in the event of continuous rainy days, the drop of flowers and pods is serious, the ground waterlogged for 2-3 days will cause death.

(4) soil?

The mung bean is highly tolerant of barrenness, and is not strict on soil requirements, loamy or calcareous alluvial soil is appropriate, and it can also grow in red soil and clay loam. Neutral soil is the most suitable, adapted to the PH value is generally not less than 5.5, but also resistant to slightly acidic or alkaline soil. Fear of salinity, in the coastal salt soil salt tolerance limit for the soil content of about 0.2%, in the Huanghuaihai Plain saline soil for 0.15-0.2%, in the Northwest inland alkaline soil, salt tolerance ability to show slightly higher.