huǒ má rén
2 English Referencesemen cannabis [Langdao Chinese-English Dictionary]
hemp fruit [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
hempseed [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Fructus Cannabis [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Fructus Cannabis [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]. > Fructus Cannabis (拉) [Nomenclature Review Committee of Chinese Medicine. Chinese Medicine Nomenclature (2004)]
hemp seed [中中医药学名词审定委员会. Chinese Medicine Nomenclature (2004)]
3 OverviewHemp seed
Hemp seed is the name of a Chinese medicine, from "The Herbal Medicine of Daily Use" [1]. Fire hemp kernel is the dried mature fruit of Cannabis sativa L., family Moraceae [2]. Fire hemp kernel is sweet in flavor and flat in nature [2]. It belongs to the spleen, stomach and large intestine meridians [2]. It has the function of moisturizing and laxative [2]. It is used for blood deficiency and fluid deficiency, intestinal dryness and constipation (Chinese People's **** and National Pharmacopoeia, 2010 edition). Raw products and products have the same function [2].
The Chinese People's *** and National Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition) recorded the pharmacopoeial standard of this Chinese medicine.
4 Latin nameFructus Cannabis (la) (Nomenclature of Chinese Medicine (2004))
5 English namehemp seed (Nomenclature of Chinese Medicine (2004))
6 Alias of Fructus Cannabis (la) (火麻仁)hemp seed, hemp seed kernel, hemp kernel[1].
7 Prescription Names for Fire Ma Ren火麻仁, 大麻仁, 麻子仁, 麻仁, 炒火麻仁,炒麻仁[2].
8 Origin of Fire Hemp KernelFire Hemp Kernel is the dried mature fruit of Cannabis sativa L. of the mulberry family [2].
Hemp kernel is the seed kernel of Cannabis sativa L., family Moraceae [1].
9 Fire hemp kernel original plant morphologyannual erect herb, 1 ~ 3 m high. Stem surface with longitudinal grooves, gray-green, densely pilose. Palmately compound leaves alternate or lower leaves opposite; leaflets 3 to 11, lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, coarsely serrate at the margin, coarsely hairy above, densely gray-white felt hairs below; petiole slender; stipules linear-lanceolate. Flowers unisexual; male flowers in sparse panicles, yellowish green; female flowers clustered in leaf axils, green, each flower with a broadly ovate bract, tepal 1, thinly membranous, pistil 1. Achenes compressed-ovate, surrounded by yellowish brown bracts. Flowering May to June, fruiting in July.
10 Fire Ma Ren originProduced in Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin, Sichuan, Gansu, Yunnan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places [1].
Cultivated throughout the country.
11 Fire Ma Ren harvesting and primary processingAutumn fruit harvested at maturity, remove impurities, sun-dried [2].
12 The medicinal properties of flaxseedThe fruit is ovoid, 4-5.5mm long, 2.5-4mm in diameter, gray-green to gray-yellow surface, slightly glossy, with fine white or brown reticulate texture, two sides of the edge of the ribbed, rounded petiole scars at the base. The pericarp is thin and brittle, containing 1 seed, orbicular, with a thin, dark green testa and a plump, oily cotyledon. Taste light.
13 fire Ma Ren's concoctionTang Dynasty, there are "net picking, washing with water, exposure to dry"; "research such as grease"; another "steamed hemp seeds to make cooked, more storms to dry, stored in a clean vessel, want to serve, take the hemp seeds boiled to make the yellow fragrance, but must be slow fire, do not make the yellow fragrance, but the fire must be slow, do not make the yellow fragrance. However, the fire must be slow, do not make scorched"; and "boiled to incense, cooked and pounded, take three liters of wine cooked research, filtering the juice" ("Prepare the emergency Qianjin prescription") [2].
In the Song Dynasty, there are fried to make incense cooked ("Re-examination of the political and make evidence class spare herbs") [2].
The Ming and Qing dynasties mostly followed the Tang and Song methods, and frying was still the mainstream method of concoction [2].
Nowadays, the main methods of preparation include stir-fry [2].
13.1 Concoctions of flaxseed 13.1.1 FlaxseedRemove impurities and pericarp (Chinese People's *** and National Pharmacopoeia, 2010 edition).
Take the original herb, remove impurities and sieve off the ash [2]. Pound it when used [2].
Peeling method of flaxseed: the traditional method of sun exposure and rubbed off the shell. Improvements in the peeling method of flaxseed: the original herbs sun-dried, fire fried and cooled, put the weight of the bicycle bars 2 on the cement floor without a glossy surface, about 15cm apart, the middle of the sprinkle 1 two fried flaxseed, rubbed with firebricks, repeated operations, bumps to remove the skin and shells, and get the pure seed kernel [2]. Now more peeling machine to remove the skin and shell [2].
13.1.2 Fried flaxseedtake clean flaxseed, placed in the frying container, heated with a gentle fire, fried to aroma, yellowish, remove, cool [2]. When used, pounded [2].
13.2 Product propertiesThe flax kernel is ovoid or ellipsoid, gray-green or gray-yellow surface, reticulated, ribbed on both sides, blunt tip [2]. The pericarp is thin and brittle with white seed kernels [2]. Rich in oil, slightly airy, with a mild flavor [2].
Sautéed flaxseed has a yellowish surface, slightly burnt aroma, and a mild flavor [2].
13.3 ConcoctionsRaw and products have the same function [2].
Frying can improve the effect of decoction [2]. Such as the treatment of intestinal dryness and constipation of hemp seed kernel pill ("Typhoid Fever"), the original formula of hemp seed kernel raw, clinical soup often fried [2]. The Materia Medica Seeking Truth" cloud: "Sex raw go cooked to keep, raw use to break the blood to facilitate urination, pounding juice to cure the difficult birth of the fetal clothes do not go down, cooked use to cure the avalanche in more than [2]."
13.4 Storagestored in dry containers, sealed, placed in a ventilated dry place [2]. Anti-moth-eaten [2].
14 Flavors of flaxseedFlaxseed is sweet in taste and flat in nature [2]. It is slightly toxic [1]. It belongs to the spleen, stomach and large intestine meridians [2].
15 Effects and IndicationsThe function of flaxseed is to moisten the intestines, quench thirst, promote gonorrhea, and invigorate blood circulation [1]. It is used to treat constipation, postpartum blood constipation, thirst, heat shower, wind paralysis, menstrual closure [1].
Fire Ma Ren has the function of laxative [2]. It is used for blood deficiency and fluid deficiency, intestinal dryness and constipation (Chinese People's **** and National Pharmacopoeia, 2010 edition).
The function of fire hemp seed raw products, products are the same [2].
16 Fire Ma Ren Usage and DosageDecoction: 9 ~ 15g [1].
17 Fire Ma Ren Use NoteExcessive ingestion can cause poisoning, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, numbness of the limbs, crying, disorientation, dilated pupils, convulsions, and even coma [1].
18 Chemical composition of flaxseedFlaxseed contains fenugreek alkaloids, isoleucine trimethylammonium lactone (Isoleucinebetaine), yucca purine (Zeatin), phytocalcium magnesium (Phytin), a small amount of flavonoids (apigenin, lignocerotoxin, omphacarpene, etc.), fatty oils (with cannabinol), proteins, etc. [1].
Hemp seeds contain fenugreek alkaloids (trigonelline), isoleucine betaine (L (d) isoleucine betaine), hemp kernel globular prionase (|edestinase), linolenic acid, linoleic acid and so on.
19 Pharmacological effects of flaxseedPharmacological tests, flaxseed on the intestinal mucosa has a *** effect, can increase secretion, peristalsis accelerated, and a laxative effect [1]. Alcoholic extract of anesthetized cats and normal rats have slow and significant hypotensive effect [1]. It has hypolipidemic and anticancer effects[1].
20 NotesThe female flowering branches and fruiting spikes of Cannabis sativa are also used in medicine and are analgesic, paresthesia, hallucinogenic, and addictive.
21 Fire hemp kernel poisoningFire hemp kernel, also known as hemp seed kernel, hemp kernel, cannabis kernel, white hemp kernel, thread hemp seed, etc., belongs to the moistening and lowering of the medicine, is the seed kernel of Cannabis sativa L. of the mulberry family, containing fenugreek alkaloids, fatty oils, etc. [3]. The main pharmacological effects include lowering blood pressure, lowering cholesterol, and antifertility [3].
21.1 Mechanisms of adverse effectsIt contains muscarinic choline and phenolic components, which have muscarinic-like effects. It acts on the central nervous system, causing a toxic reaction, which is characterized by excitation followed by inhibition, and also has an inhibitory effect on the cardiac conduction system and the myocardium[3].
21.2 Clinical manifestationsIncubation period of 1-12h [3]. Poisoning manifestations are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, numbness of the limbs, confusion, disorientation, hallucinations, hallucinations, dilated pupils, lethargy, tremors, convulsions, respiratory distress, and death by cardiac failure [3].
21.3 TreatmentThe main points of the treatment of flaxseed poisoning are [3]:
1. Promote the discharge of poison [3]. Gastric lavage with 1:5000 potassium permanganate or warm saline with 2% ellagic acid [3]. Oral medicinal charcoal or generic antidotes, magnesium sulfate for diarrhea, and intravenous fluids with vitamins B1, B6, and C [3].
2. Symptomatic treatment [3]. There are electrolyte disorders, acidosis timely correction; those with heart failure can be given digitalis preparations; for those who are over-excited, bromide, chloral hydrate and other sedatives can be given; those who are lethargic can be given the appropriate amount of stimulants [3].
22 Pharmacopoeial Standard of Cannabis sativa L. 22.1 NameCannabis sativa L.
Huomaren
CANNABIS FRUCTUS[4]
22.2 SourceThis product is the dried mature fruit of Cannabis sativa L. of the mulberry family[4]. Harvested in the fall when the fruit is ripe, remove impurities, sun-dried.
22.3 PropertiesThe product is ovoid, 4-5.5mm long, 2.5-4mm in diameter, gray-green or gray-yellow surface, with fine white or brown reticulation, ribbed on both sides, slightly pointed at the tip, the base has a rounded pedicel scar. The pericarp is thin and brittle, easily broken. Seed coat green, cotyledons 2, creamy white, rich in oil. It has a slight odor and a mild taste.
22.4 IdentificationTake 2g of powder, add 50ml of ether, heat reflux for 1 hour, filtration, dregs and then add 20ml of ether to wash, discard the ether solution, dregs add 30ml of methanol, heat reflux for l hour, filtration, filtrate evaporation, residue add 2ml of methanol to make the dissolution as a solution for the test. Also take 2g of control herb, the same method into the control herb solution. According to the thin layer chromatography (2010 version of Pharmacopoeia, Appendix VI B) test, absorb the above two solutions of 2μl, respectively, point on the same silica gel G thin layer plate, with toluene ethyl acetate formic acid (15: 1: 0.3) as the unfolding agent, unfolding, take out, drying, sprayed with 1% vanillin ethanol solution of a mixture of sulfuric acid (1: 1), heated at 105 ℃ until the spot color is clear. The test chromatogram, in the corresponding position with the control chromatogram, the same color spots.
22.5 Flaxseed tablets 22.5.1 Concoction 22.5.1.1 FlaxseedRemove impurities and pericarp.
22.5.1.2 Sautéed flaxseedTake clean flaxseed, according to the method of stir-frying (2010 version of the Pharmacopoeia, Appendix I, D) stir-fry until slightly yellow, with aroma.
22.5.2 IdentificationSame as the herb.
22.5.3 Flavor and MeridianSweet, flat. Attributes to the spleen, stomach and large intestine meridians.
22.5.4 Functions and IndicationsMoistening the intestines and laxatives. Used for blood deficiency and fluid deficiency, intestinal dryness and constipation.
22.5.5 Usage and dosage10~15g.
22.5.6 StorageIn a cool and dry place, prevent heat and moth.
22.6 Provenance