As the main representative of Shanghai School in the later period, Wu Changshuo was active in the early 20th century, and his painting art profoundly influenced the development of Chinese painting in the whole 20th century. Wu Changshuo (1844- 1927) was a famous gentleman, whose real name was Chang Shuo, also known as Cang Shuo and Cang Shi, and posthumous title Lu, Lao Gou and Kutie. People from Ji 'an, Zhejiang. Wu Changshuo made great achievements in poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing all his life. Painting is good at freehand brushwork flowers, and its brush and ink are thick and fine, dry and wet, which complement each other, and the color absorbs the characteristics of folk painting. Make good use of strong and bright heavy colors and boldly use western red, with rich colors and strong contrast. He developed the tradition of freehand brushwork painting since Ivy League, Snow Song, Shi Tao and Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics, and formed a unique character of "appealing to both refined and popular tastes". Many of his works, such as Lizi, Lotus, Shoutao, Zhu Mo and Yan Laihong, are masterpieces of his ingenuity.
Guangdong is located in the south of Wuling Mountains. In the late Qing Dynasty, Juchao and Ju Lian made great achievements in painting, which influenced Gao, Chen (referred to as "two high schools and one Chen") who had studied with them. "Two high school students and one Chen" are both studying in Japan, and they are studying oriental painting. After returning to China, they advocated the reform of Chinese painting, tried to absorb western techniques in traditional painting and took the road that Japan had taken. After the Revolution of 1911, they exerted more and more influence on painting, forming a painting school called Lingnan Painting School. The leader of Lingnan School of Painting is Gao. Gao (1879- 195 1), a native of Yuangang, Panyu, Guangdong. When I was a teenager, I studied painting with Ju Lian. 1905 traveled to Japan and made a living by selling paintings. Later, he studied oriental painting in Baima Society, Pacific Painting Society and Watercolor Society, and he sprouted the idea of reforming Chinese painting. He joined the League in Japan and took an active part in the bourgeois-democratic revolution after returning home. After Sun Yat-sen's death, Gao was dissatisfied with the dark rule of Kuomintang warlords and did not ask about politics. He founded the "Spring Sleeping Painting Academy" in Guangzhou, devoted himself to art teaching, and served as a professor of traditional Chinese painting in the Art Department of Sun Yat-sen University.
Lingnan School of Painting, which was formed in modern times, was the first school to propose the reform of Chinese painting. They have trained a large number of students, including Huang Shaoqiang, Fang Rending, Zhao Shaoang, Guan Shanyue and Li Xiongcai. The second generation of students, such as Yang Zhiguang, have merged with the painting advocated by Xu Beihong, but they all inherited and carried forward the tradition of Lingnan School of Painting to varying degrees.
Along the two directions of modern Shanghai painters and Lingnan painting school, Chinese painting in the 20th century gradually formed two types: traditional and integrated.
Traditional type refers to the Beijing School painters who are active in Beijing and the painters in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places in Shanghai. Among them, Qi Baishi, Huang, Pan Tianshou and other masters were produced. They opposed copying Gu Ni, advocated that "nature is made by foreign teachers, and the source of heart comes from China", respected artistic individuality and pushed traditional painting to the peak.
Qi Baishi, a native of Xiangtan, Hunan Province, experienced three eras: the late Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China and People's Republic of China (PRC). He integrated literati painting with folk art, poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing, and "appealing to both refined and popular tastes" was a prominent symbol of his painting. Huang, a native of Jinhua, Zhejiang, is a master of modern landscape painting. He turned his profound traditional cultivation, knowledge and love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland into colorful brushstrokes, creating one of the highest artistic beauty of this era. Pan Tianshou, a native of Ninghai County, Zhejiang Province, has made outstanding achievements in flower-and-bird painting. He integrated the northern and southern factions, broke through the beautiful and feminine style of flower-and-bird painting since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and created a heroic and adventurous style. Fu Baoshi,,, He,,, and so on all enriched traditional painting with their own different styles and made their own contributions.
Integration advocates the integration of China and the West and innovates Chinese painting. In addition to Lingnan School, Liu Haisu, Xu Beihong, Jiang, Ding and Li Keran are also representatives who advocate the integration of Chinese and Western painting and innovate Chinese painting. Xu Beihong School is the most influential school.
Xu Beihong (1895- 1953), a native of Yixing, Jiangsu Province, was inspired by Gao, the founder of Lingnan School of Painting, and Kang Youwei, a modern thinker, to enter the painting circle in China. 19 19 studied at the French National School of Fine Arts in March and studied under Dayang, who is good at classical painting style. 1927 returned to China in June. After returning to China, he devoted himself to art education, advocated realistic art and actively participated in the movement to innovate Chinese painting. He combined European realistic painting with traditional techniques, introduced realistic modeling and artistic thoughts of worrying about the country and people and modern life into Chinese painting creation, and integrated shape with ink interest. With Xu Beihong as the center, a group of painters who advocated the integration of eastern and western arts became the backbone of realistic painting in China from 1950s to 1970s.
Famous fusion painters include Lin Fengmian, Chen Zhifo and Zhang Daqian. Among them, Lin Fengmian is the most prominent. Lin Fengmian 1900 1 1 was born in Meixian County, Guangdong Province, and studied painting since childhood. 19 19 went to France to study, and successively entered the French Dijon Academy of Fine Arts and the Paris Higher Academy of Fine Arts. 1925 returned to China. His lifelong goal is to reconcile China and the West and create new painting art. He inherited the characteristics of attaching importance to artistic conception in traditional painting, absorbed the vigorous quality of folk art, and introduced the factors that emphasize perceptual intuition and formal creation in modern western painting, forming his own unique style.
With the ideological trend of reforming Chinese painting, the democratic revolutionary movement in political, economic and cultural fields, the spread of enlightenment and Marxism, China painters in the 20th century put forward the slogan of "people's art". Chinese painting has a profound influence on theme, content and expression. Since the 1920s, some painters have taken to the streets from time to time, drawing lessons from western modeling methods to describe the lives of urban and rural workers, among which, He and Jiang are more prominent. His Poverty and Disease, The Pioneers and Jiang's Refugees are all excellent works of this period.