Life of meson tui
Jiezitui, also known as Jiezhitui, was revered as a meson by later generations. During the Spring and Autumn Period, people in the State of Jin were deeply remembered by the world for their feat of "cutting shares and caring for the monarch" and "not saying anything" in seclusion. Buried in Mianshan after his death, Zhong Er, Jin Wengong, was deeply sorry for his death, so he changed Mianshan to Jieshan and set up a temple to offer sacrifices, which led to the "Cold Food Festival". Jiezi's devotion to loyalty, filial piety, integrity and independence has always been highly praised by later generations. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Huang Tingjian praised: "Shigan burned to death and was unfair, and his eyes were full of Artemisia scoparia."
Cut the stock and cut the gentleman.
In 655 BC, Jin Xiangong killed Prince Shen Sheng and sent someone to arrest Zhong Er (later Jin Wengong) because he favored him and listened to his slanders. Zhong Er knew that he was defeated by the enemy, so he abandoned the city and fled, starting a long-term escape journey of 19 years. Because Zhong Er was modest and eager to learn, and was good at making friends with talented people, Jiezitui and a group of capable ministers of the State of Jin at that time followed him to escape.
Zhong Er and his party first spent 12 years in their grandmother's home, Di Guoan. In 643 BC, Jin Huigong (Zhong Er's younger brother Yiwu) sent Bo Wei to Diguo to kill him. After Zhong Er got the news, he hurriedly bid farewell to his wife Ji Kui, who was married in Di State, and then rushed to Qi State, seeking the shelter of Qi Huangong, the overlord at that time.
When passing through the country of Wei, Wei Wen at that time recognized that Zhong Er was just a fugitive, and he was useless, so he was ignored. When they came to the place of Five Deer, they were finally dizzy with hunger and couldn't stand it. So he went to the farmers in the field to beg for food. A farmer handed Zhong Er a piece of soil and ridiculed: "Here, take it to eat!" . At that time, I made Zhong Er's teeth itch, and almost beat him, but Hu Yan stopped him. Hu Yan said to Zhong Er, "This is the land that God wants to give us! Explain that our country is in sight. " And solemnly kowtowed to the farmer, took the clod and put it in the car.
However, this spirit of Ah Q can heal the mood, but it can't solve the hunger. Meson Tui saw that Zhong Er was really hungry, so he offered to find something to eat. He turned a small forest, cut off the meat on his leg, took it back and tricked Zhong Er into buying it, and cooked a pot of soup for him with wild vegetables, which finally solved the problem of hunger.
Later, Zhong Er learned that mesons pushed the meat on his thighs, and he was very moved.
Resign and retire
Zhong Er was in exile for 19 years. After eight countries, he tasted the warmth and coldness of the world. Finally, in 636 BC, with the support of Qin Mugong, the state of Qin, he returned to China to kill his nephew Jin Huaigong (Jin Huigong's son Zi Cong) and became Jin Wengong. When the group came to the Yellow River, the culprit who followed Jin Wengong with meson said to Jin Wengong, "I traveled around the world with you and made many mistakes, and I know it in my heart. Now that you are about to return to China to take the throne, let me leave and go home! " Jin Wengong knew in his heart that this was the culprit's achievement in showing that he had followed for many years, so he replied, "Take the Yellow River as evidence. If I can't enjoy wealth with you when I return home, heaven and earth will not allow it." So I threw my jade pieces into the Yellow River and vowed together. Meson Tui saw it on the ship, and thought that it was an act of God that Zhong Er could return to China, not the credit of the people who followed him, and they regarded all this as their own credit and asked for a reward, just like thieves, which was a very shameful act.
After Jin Wengong acceded to the throne, not only those who followed were rewarded, but also some small people who were good at gaining. Jiezitui resented these phenomena, so he resigned and retired, and took his mother to Mianshan to live in seclusion.
Report a tree and die.
Although meson Tui refused to be rewarded, many people think that Jin Wengong refused to reward meson Tui. Because it was rumored that Jin Wengong suspected that meson had cheated him by cutting his own meat for him, he didn't reward meson. In fact, in history, there is controversy about the matter of mesons pushing and cutting stocks. At that time, there was a poem, "There are dragons flying around the world. Five snakes from it, Tamenojo auxiliary. The dragon turned against his hometown and got his place. Four snakes follow in the left and right, and get the rain and dew of the dragon. A snake is ashamed and dies in nakano ",that is to say, mesons have not received a reward for their contributions." After this poem reached Jin Wengong, he regretted his ingratitude very much, so he quickly sent someone to call meson Tui to be sealed, only to know that meson Tui had hidden in Mianshan. Jin Wengong personally took people to Mianshan for a visit. However, Mianshan mountain winds for dozens of miles, with mountains and mountains, deep valleys and dense forests, and it is impossible to find it. Jin Wengong, eager to ask for help, listened to the villain's words and ordered three sides to burn mountains, so as to force mesons to push out and meet each other. Unexpectedly, the fire burned for three days, and the determined meson push did not come out.
Later, someone found the bones of Jietui's mother and son under a withered willow tree. Jin Wengong was so sad that he cried and worshipped in front of Jietui's body for a while, then buried the body, built an ancestral temple on Mianshan to commemorate him, and changed Mianshan into Jieshan.
Origin of Cold Food Festival
After the death of Jietui, Jin Wengong felt that he had followed him for many years, worked hard and served himself wholeheartedly, and was loyal to himself. In order to commemorate his loyalty to the monarch, patriotism and integrity, he ordered a ban on cold food on the day of Jietui's death to mourn. This is the origin of the "Cold Food Festival".
Cold food festival custom
The Cold Food Festival is the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day, when the first day is a festival, no smoking is allowed, and only cold food is eaten. After more than 2,000 years, customs such as sweeping, hiking, swinging, cuju, pulling a hook and fighting chicken have been gradually developed. The Cold Food Festival has lasted for more than 2,000 years, and it was once called the largest folk festival in China, and it is also the only festival named after the traditional festivals of the Han nationality.
Historical evaluation
Jie Zitui, as a native of Jin State, loves his country very much. He has followed Zhong Er for decades, worked tirelessly, and even "cut his share" because he knew that Zhong Er was the hope of rejuvenating Jin State and was supported by the belief of loyalty to the monarch and patriotism. After Jin Wengong's accession to the throne, he won't be rewarded for his merits, but retired after his success. He dared to retire to the mountains and serve his mother, and he could be filial. It can be described as loyalty and filial piety, and loyalty and purity. Although Jie Zitui was burned to death with his mother in the end, his integrity of loyalty to the monarch, disdaining fame and wealth has been handed down for more than 2,000 years, and it is still touching.
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