Garlic is mostly planted in spring from February to April, when the survival rate is relatively high. Prepare the soil before planting, usually using a mixture of garden soil and leaf mold soil as potting soil. At the same time, an appropriate amount of river sand should be added to improve its drainage. Then sow the garlic into it. If you plant multiple plants at one time, keep a distance of about 5 cm from each other. Then water them thoroughly and wait for them to take root and germinate.
1. Sowing time and method of spring garlic
The first planting season, the sowing period of spring garlic. Generally speaking, the growth period of garlic varies depending on the cultivation season. The entire growth period of spring sown garlic takes 90 to 100 days.
①Spring garlic sowing time
Shandong is generally suitable for sowing in mid-February and harvesting in early June; Beijing, Tianjin, Ningxia, Gansu, Shaanxi and other regions are suitable for sowing in early March, and harvesting by Harvest garlic heads in late June; Xinjiang, Qinghai, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin, Inner Mongolia and other regions are suitable for sowing in early or mid-April and harvesting garlic heads in mid-to-late July.
②Selection of varieties.
There are many varieties, including extremely early-maturing varieties, early-maturing, medium-maturing, medium-early maturing, medium-late maturing, late-maturing varieties, etc., with different growing days. Garlic varieties suitable for spring sowing include: Yingxian garlic, Acheng purple-skinned garlic, Tianjin six-petal red garlic, Jimusar white-skinned garlic, etc. The selection of varieties can be based on the selection of local habitual varieties.
③ Treatment of garlic seed cloves. You can peel off the aging skin to avoid carrying parasitic bacteria, or you can use fungicides such as carbendazim to soak the seed valves before sowing them regularly.
④ When sowing garlic in spring, due to the relatively low ground temperature, it takes about 15 days to germinate and emerge. It is best not to water the seedlings before they emerge. If drought in the soil affects the emergence of the seedlings, you can pour a small amount of water as appropriate, and then hoe the seedlings to facilitate root emergence.
⑤It is customary to start watering spring-sown garlic when the leaves turn yellow. The appearance of yellow tips at the tips of the leaves is a sign of garlic withdrawal. At this time, the stored nutrients of the garlic have been exhausted, and the plant nutrition is weak. Therefore, top dressing and watering before leaving the mother can make the plant continue to grow vigorously.
⑥ Water and topdress 5 to 7 days before the end of mother removal, and then water once every other week. Stop watering 3 to 4 days before harvesting to avoid crispy and tender garlic and potato sprouts.
2. Sowing of Autumn Garlic
The second planting season is the sowing period of autumn garlic. The entire growth period of garlic sown in autumn is 200 to 270 days. Because the seedlings need to grow through the entire winter, the time is relatively longer.
①Autumn garlic sowing time and method
Due to different temperatures, the sowing time is not necessarily the same in places suitable for autumn garlic planting, such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei and other places. , suitable for sowing from late August to early September, and harvesting garlic heads from May to mid-to-late June of the following year. Hunan, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shanghai, Henan and other regions can sow seeds from late September to early October. Due to the variety, garlic heads can be harvested from mid-April to mid-late June of the following year. .
②According to the local climate characteristics, select suitable local garlic varieties, such as Yaoxian red garlic, Duchang garlic, Jiading garlic, Pengzhou garlic and other varieties.
③ When sowing garlic in autumn, due to poor soil moisture, garlic seed cloves can be soaked, which not only promotes early germination but also sterilizes and reduces diseases, such as using carbendazim, lime water and other methods to soak 12 After an hour, rinse with clean water before sowing.
④ Before planting, plow the land deeply, use mainly fully decomposed organic fertilizer, and apply sufficient base fertilizer.
⑤Garlic planting needs to be planted straight and stable. The back of the belly of the garlic cloves should be consistent with the row direction, which is beneficial to the reasonable distribution of leaves after emergence, promotes leaf photosynthesis, and increases garlic yield. It takes about 7 to 8 days. Sprouted and unearthed.
⑥ Water the seedlings once every 10-15 days after sowing, which is beneficial to the growth of the garlic root system. To prevent dead seedlings and yellow seedlings, before freezing, you should pour overwintering water once and apply fertilization once to promote the garlic seedlings to turn green quickly and grow strongly in the next spring, resulting in high and excellent garlic yields.