A, land preparation
Thorn mustard sowing is relatively dense, the growing period of fertilizer is very inconvenient, so the land is selected, should be more basal fertilizer, per acre can be applied to compost, stable manure or smoked soil and other organic fertilizer more than 2,000 kilograms, heavy cropping land should be increased bottom fertilizer, prohibit the use of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer. The base fertilizer will be evenly spread on the ground after plowing about 25 cm deep, after deep plowing, made into a width of about 1.2 m, 10 cm high bed. After the border is made, in order to improve the seed germination rate, it should be watered to collapse the moisture, and after the soil dries out, it will be shallowly turned. Before turning the ground, soil treatment granules can be spread to prevent underground pests from infesting the seeds and affecting the germination rate. Turning over the ground should not be too deep. 5~6 cm can be, leveling and waiting for sowing.
Two, sowing
Before sowing the seeds should be screened, picking out the impurities and seeds that have been damaged, and then soaked in water for 12 to 24 hours, fished out and then air-dried to a ventilated and dry place, which can speed up the metabolism of the seeds inside, enhance the vitality, and improve the germination rate. Due to the small seeds of thorn mustard, in order to make the sowing more uniform, you can wait until the surface of the seed is not water mixed with the right amount of fine sand or fine soil, the ratio of seed and sand to soil is 3:1, mix well and then can be sown. On the bed with a tool to open a furrow along the bed, furrow distance of about 20 cm, furrow depth of about 5 cm. Spread the seed into the furrow, usually about 1 kg of seed per mu.
After sowing, cover the soil 1~2 cm thick, tread a little bit with the foot, and then use the iron rake to sow the flat, so that the seeds are in close contact with the soil. Watering after sowing, keep the soil on the bed moist, favorable to the emergence of seedlings. After sowing the ground temperature at 16 ~ 18 ℃ need 10 ~ 15 days to emerge, such as the ground temperature at 19 ~ 25 ℃, humidity is suitable, about 1 week to emerge, before and after the emergence of seedlings should also keep the soil moist.
Three, set seedling
When the seedling height of 6~10 cm, between the over-dense weak seedlings, seedlings. When the seedling height of 10 ~ 15 cm according to the rows of 10 ~ 15 cm spacing to stay 2 ~ 3 seedlings for seedling, if there is a lack of seedlings, should be between the large seedlings, strong seedlings with soil transplantation, it is best to choose a cloudy day transplantation, to avoid strong sunlight when carried out. Transplanting as much as possible with the original soil, replenishment of seedlings should be timely watering, in order to facilitate the survival of seedlings.
Four, weeding
Weeding is a key measure for good growth and development of thornbush, mainly loosening the soil, increasing ground temperature, regulating soil moisture, and eradicating weeds, so as to promote the development of the root system and to ensure that the seedling grows robustly. When the seedling height of about 5 centimeters, use a small hoe to loosen the soil, cut through the ground can be, to prevent injury to the root. Seedling plowing to highlight the "early, shallow, fine" three words: "early" is to point out that the seedling should be timely plowing; "shallow" refers to the depth of plowing can not be more than 5 centimeters, in order to prevent injury to the root, The "fine" refers to the depth of the plow to do the same, the soil is loose and fine.
Thorn mustard into the life of a long time later, but also to often plow weed, to keep the field soil loose without weeds, 20 days or so for a time, or depending on the specific circumstances and then determined, sowing because of the inconvenience of plowing, so pay attention to weed, or appropriate plowing 1 ~ 2 times, generally after the line is inconvenient to loosening the soil. Loosen the soil should be shallow, so as not to hurt the roots. Plowing should be carried out when the soil is moderately dry and moist.
Five, water and fertilizer
Thorn mustard seedlings need more nitrogen fertilizer, in order to promote the culm strong spike, should also be appropriate application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer. When the seedling height of 15~20cm, sprinkle some fertilizer along the rows, 10~15kg of urea per mu, 25~40kg of cake fertilizer. Seedlings should be watered frequently to facilitate growth. After the adult plant drought resistance is enhanced, it can no longer be watered, but in summer, long drought and no rain, the soil moisture content is below 8%, and the plant is wilted when it should be lightly watered, and the amount of watering each time should not be too large. Thornbush is most afraid of waterlogging in this period, if there is too much rain, the water in the field should be drained in time to avoid causing diseases. When the seedling height is 20~25 centimeters, add 10 kg of potassium chloride, open the furrow to apply people, and cultivate the soil after application. When the seedling height of 30 cm or more, sprinkle 60 kg of rotted cake fertilizer per mu, and can be equipped with a small amount of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer. 7 months of thorn mustard into the late stage of growth, at this time, generally do not carry out field management, so that it grows naturally, so that you can inhibit the reproductive growth, is conducive to the nutrient growth, to improve the yield and quality.