Brassinolide, also known as brassinolide, is a natural plant hormone that is widely present in pollen, seeds, stems, leaves and other organs of plants. Because its physiological activity is much higher than that of existing The five hormones have been internationally hailed as the sixth hormone. They are new broad-spectrum plant growth regulators.

Function

For decades, the effects of brassinosteroids have been The mechanism of action and effect have been fully studied, with the focus mainly on promoting the elongation growth of plants. The effect of brassinosteroid in promoting elongation is very significant, and its action concentration is several orders of magnitude lower than that of auxin. Its effect The mechanism is similar to that of auxin. YoPP et al. (1981) found that BR has a positive synergistic effect with auxin. By promoting the pumping out of hydrogen ions by the proton pump of the cell membrane system, it leads to acidification of the free space and relaxes the cell wall to promote growth. At the same time, rapeseed Brassinolide can also inhibit the activity of auxin oxidase and increase the content of endogenous auxin in plants. Therefore, when brassinosteroid and auxin are used at the same time, there is a significant additive effect. In addition, brassinosteroid also It can regulate the synthesis and metabolism of certain proteins related to growth, thereby controlling growth. Brassinosteroids are mainly distributed in the elongating and growing parts of plants. In addition, brassinosteroids can also regulate nutrients in plants. The distribution of the material causes the dry weight of the part below the treated part to increase significantly, while the dry weight of the upper part decreases, and the total material content of the plant remains unchanged. Brassinosteroids can also affect the metabolism of nucleic acid substances, and can also delay the growth of isolated plant cells. Aging.

More than 40 kinds of brassinosteroid compounds have been found in various crops, and they are collectively called brassinosteroid compounds (BRs for short). They are widely distributed in plants of different families and genera. Among the different organs of plants, one with higher content and stronger activity is called brassinosteroid. Brassinosteroid is the precursor of brassinosteroid synthesis, and its application effect is the same as brassinosteroid. On crops The applied BRs mainly include brassinosteroid (BR) and epibrassinolide (epiBR).

In the early 1980s, the artificial synthesis of brassinosteroid and its analogues was successful.

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The more commonly used name internationally is Brassinosteroid