(1) southwest flows to northeast (2 points). The area is located in the mid-latitude area, and the temperature drops obviously in winter, with the monthly average temperature below 0 degrees and the river freezing (2 points); Rivers flowing from low latitude to high latitude are prone to "ice flood" (2 points); Low terrain (2 points); Dense population, developed industry and agriculture, and concentrated distribution, many disasters, great losses. (2 points)

(2) The area is located in semi-arid and arid areas, with abundant sunshine and large temperature difference between day and night; (4 points)

Located near the Yellow River, with sufficient irrigation water sources; (2 points) Close to the consumer market; (2 points) Convenient transportation. (2 points)

(3) Viewpoint 1: We should continue to vigorously develop sunflower cultivation. (2 points)

Reason: guarantee employment, (3 points) increase income, (3 points)?

Viewpoint 2: Sunflower planting should not be vigorously developed (2 points).

Reason: Sunflower growth consumes a lot of water, (2 points) local water resources are scarce, and planting sunflowers makes local water resources more tense (2 points). At present, sunflower seeds are unsalable. (2 points) (choose one from two viewpoints)

(4) Actively develop new energy sources (2 points); Promote firewood-saving stoves (2 points); Biogas pit construction (2 points); Create firewood forest (2 points)

Test analysis:

(1) Looking at the map, judging from the shape of the river on the map, the river flows from southwest to northeast. The reach of the Yellow River in this area is located in the mid-latitude area. In winter, the temperature drops obviously, the temperature is below 0 degrees, and the river freezes. The rivers in this reach flow from low latitude to high latitude. In late autumn, early winter or early spring, the ice at high latitudes freezes early and the ice at low latitudes melts late, which is easy to cause "ice flood" and cause floods. The land is low and flat, the population is dense, the industry and agriculture are developed, the distribution is concentrated, and disasters occur, resulting in great losses.

(2) Sunflowers like temperature, light, low temperature and saline-alkali drought. According to the map analysis, the desert area in this area is wide, belonging to semi-arid and arid areas, with less precipitation, sufficient sunshine and large temperature difference between day and night. Suitable for sunflower growth. The plot is located near the Yellow River, with sufficient irrigation water, convenient transportation and close to the consumer market.

(3) Vigorously developing sunflower planting in this area can not only ensure employment, but also increase income, so we should continue to vigorously develop sunflower planting.

Sunflower growth consumes a lot of water, and local water resources are scarce. Planting sunflowers makes the local water resources more tense. According to the first analysis of materials, sunflower seeds are unsalable at present. Therefore, it is considered inappropriate to vigorously develop sunflower cultivation.

(4) According to the second data, the sandstorm disaster is mainly caused by excessive firewood harvesting in pastoral areas. The main reason for excessive logging of firewood is the lack of energy for daily use. Therefore, we should actively develop new energy sources and reduce the damage to vegetation. Popularize firewood-saving stoves, build biogas digesters and build firewood forests. Protect vegetation in agricultural and pastoral areas, block sand sources and solve sandstorm disasters.