Iron deficiency anemia is an anemia caused by a lack of iron stored in the body, which affects hemoglobin synthesis. It is the most common anemia in adolescents. 1. Causes (1) Increased iron requirements and insufficient intake. Children and adolescents need increased iron due to rapid growth and development. If the food contains insufficient iron for a long time, iron deficiency anemia may occur. (2) Repeated large amounts of blood loss can significantly deplete the body's iron stores. For example, patients with hookworm disease can cause chronic small amounts of intestinal bleeding, and excessive menstruation in female adolescents can cause a reduction in iron storage in the body. (3) Chronic diarrhea and intestinal dysfunction can affect normal iron absorption. (4) The low content of animal protein in the diet is not conducive to the absorption of iron. (5) People with partial eclipses, picky eaters, and those who are accustomed to eating baked foods are prone to iron deficiency anemia. 2. Clinical manifestations: The clinical manifestations are related to the degree of anemia and the onset of symptoms. Common symptoms of anemia include pale or sallow complexion, easy fatigue, general weakness, palpitation, headache, etc. In addition to the above symptoms, severe patients may also have stomatitis, glossitis, angular stomatitis and dysphagia. A few patients develop pica and are addicted to eating ice, soil, coal, etc. In severe cases, when iron deficiency occurs in the brain's nerve tissue, it becomes easy to be excited and attention and concentration decrease. Children's height and weight are lower than normal. Patients may have dry skin, dry and falling hair, flat, brittle and easily cracked nails, and even ingrown toenails. 3. Diagnosis: Laboratory examination shows typical blood pictures, namely microcytosis and hypochromic anemia. According to the current living standards of the people in our country, the diagnostic standards for anemia in children and teenagers are: 7 to 13 years old, regardless of gender, the standard hemoglobin value is 120g/L; boys over 14 years old, 130g/L; girls over 14 years old, 120g/L. If it is lower than the above standards, it is diagnosed as anemia. 4. Prevention (1) Pay attention to nutrition. The diet should be balanced, reasonable, and rich in protein. Eat more foods rich in iron, such as kelp, seaweed, fungus, tomatoes, animal liver, lean pork, fish, shrimp, egg yolks, beans and rice, etc. Regular consumption of fruits has therapeutic effects. It is recommended to use iron pot for cooking. (2) Promote and promote the production of various iron-fortified foods for children and adolescents. (3) Carry out stool inspection and deworming in hookworm-endemic areas. (4) Drinking orange water after a meal can enhance the body's absorption rate of non-heme iron. Eating fruits after a meal can also promote iron absorption. Eating foods and drinks containing vitamin C and organic acids during and after meals can promote the absorption of iron. Iron absorption. 5. Treatment (1) Cause treatment: Identify the cause and treat it most effectively. Iron deficiency occurs due to chronic blood loss or intestinal malabsorption. If hookworm disease is caused by chronic blood loss, it should be treated with deworming in time. (2) Oral iron: Oral iron is an effective drug for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Ferrous sulfate is commonly used, 0.3~0.6g each time, taken orally 3 times, after meals, without tea. A course of treatment lasts for 8 to 12 weeks. You can also take vitamin C at the same time to promote iron absorption, 50 to 100 mg each time, 3 times a day. Iron Deficiency Anemia - Green Diet Therapy First introduce the pig liver porridge. The preparation of pork liver porridge is very simple. Boil the rice first, then put the pork liver into the porridge and cook for a while. Pork liver is rich in iron. Regular consumption of pig liver is beneficial to the prevention of iron deficiency anemia, and consumption by patients with iron deficiency anemia is also beneficial to the treatment of the disease. Anemia is a common disease, especially among women. Today I would like to introduce a jujube and double-ear soup to my female friends. You need to prepare jujubes, fungus, white fungus and appropriate amount of brown sugar. First soak the fungus and white fungus in water, then put the soaked fungus, white fungus and jujube into the pot, then add brown sugar and heat to boil. Maybe some people think that fungus and jujube can be cooked together? In fact, fungus and jujube have the same effect, and both have the function of nourishing blood. If cooked and eaten with brown sugar, its effect will increase dramatically. People suffering from iron deficiency anemia should not only focus on replenishing iron and blood, but also supplement with an appropriate amount of vitamin C. The reason is that iron mainly exists in two forms, one is trivalent iron that is not easily absorbed by the human body, and the other is divalent iron that is easily absorbed by the human body. Iron in food often exists in the form of ferric iron, and vitamin C can convert ferric iron into divalent iron, which can increase the body's absorption of iron. Spinach, kiwi, tomatoes, pineapples, strawberries and citrus are all high in vitamin C. Tea contains a substance called tannic acid, which can combine with divalent iron to form insoluble iron tannate, which hinders the absorption of iron. Therefore, the habit of drinking tea after meals is not conducive to iron absorption. Dietary treatment for iron deficiency anemia (1) High-protein diet. Protein is the raw material for synthesizing hemoglobin. You should pay attention to dietary supplements. The daily amount is about 80 grams. You can choose high-quality protein foods such as animal liver, lean meat, eggs, milk and soy products. (2) Appropriate amount of fat intake, about 50 grams per day is appropriate. Do not consume too much fat, otherwise it will reduce the digestion and absorption function and inhibit the hematopoietic function. (3) Moderate amount of carbohydrates, about 400 grams per day. (4) When eating iron-rich foods, it is recommended to use iron pots. (5) The diet should include foods rich in vitamins, especially B vitamins and vitamin C, which are very effective in preventing and treating anemia. (6) Correct bad eating habits, such as partial eclipse, vegetarianism, etc.

●Food selection for iron deficiency anemia (1) Foods rich in iron include animal liver, kidney, tongue, duck gizzard, squid, jellyfish, shrimp, egg yolk and other animal foods, as well as sesame, kelp, black fungus, seaweed, hair Vegetables, mushrooms, soybeans, black beans, yuba, red bean curd, celery, shepherd's purse, jujubes, sunflower seeds, walnuts and other plant foods. (2) Eat more foods rich in vitamin C, such as fresh green leafy vegetables and fruits, to promote the absorption of iron in the intestines. Oral vitamin C tablets can be taken if necessary. (3) Avoid drinking tea, especially strong tea, because the tannic acid in tea can prevent the absorption of iron. ●Examples of recipes for iron deficiency anemia Breakfast: 50 grams of bread, millet porridge (50 grams of millet), spiced eggs (50 grams of eggs), and 10 grams of pickles. Lunch: 150 grams of rice, steamed meatballs (50 grams of beef, 50 grams of cucumber), fried cabbage (100 grams of cabbage, 30 grams of lean pork). Dinner: 100 grams of rice, fried pork liver with spinach (100 grams of pork liver, 100 grams of spinach), fungus and cabbage slices (20 grams of fungus, 50 grams of cabbage). 25 grams of cooking oil throughout the day. The daily heat energy is about 7980 kilojoules (1900 ycal). ●Food therapy for iron deficiency anemia (1) Jujube porridge: 10 jujubes, 100 grams of japonica rice, and a little rock sugar. Wash the japonica rice and red dates. Put the japonica rice and red dates into the pot, bring to a boil over high heat, then simmer over low heat until the rice turns into porridge. Put the rock sugar into the pot, add a little water, boil it into rock sugar juice, then pour it into the porridge pot, stir evenly and serve. Consume for breakfast and dinner every day. (2) Red wolfberry and longan chicken: ① One hen, 15 grams of wolfberry, 50 grams of longan, 100 grams of lean pork, 250 grams of cabbage hearts, 150 grams of flour, 30 grams of rice wine, 5 grams of MSG, and 5 grams of pepper. , 20 grams of ginger, 30 grams of green onions, 6 to 8 grams of salt. ②After the chicken is slaughtered, remove the hair pile, remove the internal organs, cut off the claws, and rinse thoroughly. Wash the wolfberry. Chop the pork into minced meat. Wash the Chinese cabbage, blanch it in boiling water and chop into small pieces. Mix flour with water and knead into dough for making dumplings. After washing the green onions and ginger, cut a few green onions into fine pieces and cut the rest into sections. Cut the ginger into large pieces and pound into pieces to make ginger juice. ③Put the chicken into boiling water for a while, take it out, rinse it with cold water and sprinkle it dry. Then put the wolfberry, longan meat, ginger slices and green onion segments into the chicken belly, put the chicken into an enamel bowl, add clear soup and pepper. Pour rice flour and rice wine, seal the mouth of the bowl tightly with wet tissue paper, and steam it in a cage for about two hours. ④ One hour after the chicken is put in the cage, add salt, pepper, rice wine, ginger juice and a little water to the minced pork and mix well to form a filling, then add cabbage and mix well. Roll the dough into 20 small pieces. After rolling out the dough, add meat filling and wrap into small dumplings. When the chicken is cooked, use another pot and put water in it. After boiling, put in the dumplings and cook. At the same time, take out the chicken, peel off the paper, add MSG to adjust the flavor, put the chicken soup dumplings into a bowl and serve. Eat it regularly to nourish your blood. (3) Steamed Chicken with Date Mushroom: 150 grams of pure chicken, 20 grams of red dates, 20 grams of shiitake mushrooms (wet), 6 grams of wet starch, soy sauce, salt, monosodium glutamate, cooking wine, white sugar, green onions, ginger, sesame oil, and chicken broth. . Wash the chicken and cut into 1-inch long and 2-minute thick strips; saute the red dates and mushrooms and set aside. Put the chicken strips, mushrooms and red dates into a bowl, add soy sauce, salt, sugar, MSG, green onions, ginger, cooking wine, chicken broth and wet starch, mix well, steam in a cage (or steam over water) for 13 minutes, until cooked Then take it out, use chopsticks to spread it out, spread it on a flat plate, and drizzle with sesame oil. (4) Soybean sprouts and pig blood soup: 250 grams each of soybean sprouts and pig blood, appropriate amounts of rice wine and seasonings. Remove the roots of the soybean sprouts and wash them; cut the pig blood into small cubes, rinse with water and set aside. Heat a little oil in the pot, sauté minced garlic, chopped green onion, and minced ginger until fragrant, add pork blood and cook in rice wine, add water to boil, add soybean sprouts, cook until fragrant, then add MSG and refined salt. Suitable for blood deficiency, dizziness and iron deficiency anemia. (5) Pig skin and red dates soup: 500 grams of pig skin, 250 grams of red dates, and appropriate amount of rock sugar. Remove the hair from the pig skin, wash it and cut it into small pieces; wash and remove the core of the jujube and set aside. Place the pig skin pieces and jujubes in an iron pot, add rock sugar and water, bring to a boil over high heat and then simmer over low heat until it becomes a thick soup. (6) Osmanthus marrow and quail soup: 90 grams of quail meat, 30 grams of pig spinal cord, 60 grams of longan meat, 6 grams of rock sugar, 3 grams of osmanthus, and appropriate amounts of seasonings. Wash the quail meat, cut into small pieces, and rinse with boiling water to remove the fishy smell. Wash the pig spinal cord, boil it for a short time to remove the blood tendons, take it out and put it into a bowl, then add clear soup, quail meat, longan meat, rock sugar and a little cooking wine, green onion and ginger, steam it until mashed, put it in a soup basin, and sprinkle Serve with osmanthus. (7) Angelica rice: appropriate amount of rice, 200 grams of pork, 15 grams of angelica, appropriate amounts of onions, potatoes, carrots, and condiments. Make rice into dry rice; add Angelica sinensis and boil it in water to get about 50 ml of concoction, and keep the residue for later use. Fry the pork until cooked, add onion slices, potato shreds, carrot slices and condiments, stir-fry for a few times and then pour the residue into the angelica juice. Add salt, soy sauce, pepper and other seasonings. Once cooked, serve with rice. edible. (8) Raw fried glutinous rice: 250 grams of glutinous rice, 25 grams each of red beans, red dates, and longan meat, 150 grams of white sugar, and 50 grams of cooked lard. Rinse the glutinous rice and drain the water. When the lard is 40% hot, stir-fry. Add red beans, red dates, longan meat, and white sugar, mix well, add an appropriate amount of water, bring to a boil over high heat, and stir-fry until the water dries up. Use chopsticks to poke a few small holes in the rice and simmer for 20 to 30 minutes. (9) Pig blood porridge: 100 grams of pig blood, an appropriate amount of fresh spinach, 100 grams of japonica rice, an appropriate amount of salt, MSG, green onion and ginger.

First boil the pig's blood in boiling water, then take it out and cut it into small pieces. Then wash the spinach, put it into the boiling water, blanch it for a few minutes, take it out and cut it into fine pieces. Cook the porridge with the pig's blood cubes and japonica rice until the porridge is cooked. Then add the condiments. (10) Jujube and donkey-hide gelatin porridge: 15 grams of donkey-hide gelatin, 100 grams of glutinous rice, and 10 jujubes. Mash the donkey-hide gelatin, remove the pits from the jujubes and cook the porridge with glutinous rice. When cooked, add the donkey-hide gelatin, cook for a while, stir and let it melt. Take it warmly for breakfast and dinner every day.

Reference materials: Internet information