【 Artificial Hatching Technology of Chicken 】

First, incubation conditions

1. Temperature: the incubation temperature is 38 degrees Celsius, and the incubation temperature is 37.5 degrees Celsius ... If the temperature is too high, the chicken embryo will be burned; When the temperature is too low, the development of chicken embryos is blocked and it is impossible to hatch.

2. Humidity: 50-55% for 0-7 days, 60-65% for 8- 18 days and 65-70% for 19-2 1 day. The humidity is too low, and the feathers stick to the shell when hatching; Too much humidity will make the chicken's stomach bigger.

3. Ventilation: The embryo needs good ventilation and fresh air for continuous metabolism and gas exchange during development. Bad air hinders embryo development and reduces hatching rate.

Second, the egg requirements

1. egg selection: the eggs are too big and too small, and the abnormal hatching rate is low; The hatching rate of thin eggshells is also low. Therefore, eggs with oval shape, moderate size and not too thin shell should be selected as breeding eggs.

2. Preservation of hatching eggs: fumigation should be carried out within 10 hour after hatching eggs are produced. The fumigation room should be sealed, and each cubic meter of space should be fumigated with 9 grams of potassium permanganate and 16.5 ml of formalin for half an hour, and then the door should be opened for ventilation and exhaust.

3. Storage time of eggs: The fresher the eggs, the higher the hatching rate; The longer the eggs are stored, the lower the hatching rate. The most suitable storage time of breeding eggs is within 7 days and not more than 10 days.

4. Temperature and humidity of the egg room: The temperature of the egg room should be kept at 13- 18' C and the humidity should be kept at 70-80%. When storing eggs, the big head of the eggs should be facing down, so that the hatching rate of the eggs can be maintained and the eggs need not be turned over during storage.

Third, incubation technology.

There are many methods of artificial incubation. Here we mainly introduce the flat box incubation method: 1. Flat box incubation method: Flat boxes can be made of adobe, cardboard, fiberboard, wood and other materials. The external image is a long box. Generally, the length is 157Cm, and the width and depth are 96Cm. Fill old cotton wool, sawn wood or shavings around the box, so that the temperature inside the box is not easily affected by the outside air temperature.

Flat box incubation is divided into two parts: flat box and heat source, and the heat source part is located at the lower part of the flat box. Adobe can be used to build an earthen stove with a height of 25-30Cm and a width of about 35Cm, and fire doors can be installed; An iron plate is installed on the stove, coated with a layer of grass mud, and the box is connected with a heat source, usually heated by charcoal fire.

There is an egg rack in the incubator, which can generally be set up with six floors to put an egg sieve or egg tray. A few days before hatching, the temperature should be tested to check whether the heat preservation is good. After the eggs are put into the box, check the temperature every 2 hours (a thermometer can be placed on the top egg net) and turn the eggs every 4 hours (egg turning method, the bottom and top egg nets are exchanged; The eggs around the egg net can be turned over and placed in the middle of the egg net, and exchanged constantly, so that the eggs are heated evenly.

2. Bed-making incubation method: Bed-making is a long wooden frame, which can overlap 2-3 layers. The lower floor is 70Cm from the ground, and the interval between the two floors is 70cm. The length can be determined according to the room, and the width is 170- 180 cm, so two people can work face to face. Spread a straw mat at the bottom of the bed, straw in the middle and straw mat on it. Nail a board with a height of 15Cm to the edge of the bed, and put a strip made of old cotton wool on the edge, which is called "spacer". The spacer plays the role of heat preservation and prevents the embryo eggs from rolling on the board.

When the flat box hatches 18 days, it can be transferred to the booth for incubation. After 19 days, chicks began to break their shells, and began to hatch in large quantities after 20 days, and the longest incubation time ended in 22 days. Hatched chickens and eggshells should be taken out every 2 hours during incubation, so as not to affect the continued incubation.