National Supercomputing Tianjin Center is the first supercomputing center approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology in May 2009, which was jointly built by Tianjin Binhai New Area and National University of Defense Technology.
Tianjin Supercomputing Center is located in Building No.5 of Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone (TEDA) Outsourcing Service Park, occupying an area of about 8,500 square meters. * * * There are two large computer rooms * * * with an area of about 4,000 square meters, one of which is used to house Tianhe No.1 supercomputer, and the second is used for cloud computing and system expansion. In addition, there are substations and refrigeration stations. The power supply capacity of substations is 13,600KVA, and the cooling capacity of refrigeration stations is 9,600KW, which has strong supporting capacity.
The main business computer of Tianjin Supercomputer Center is "Tianhe No.1" supercomputer, which is supported by the major project of "High-performance Computer and Grid Service Environment" of the 863 Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology. The first phase of the system was successfully developed by the University of National Defense Technology and Binhai New Area in September 2009. After the adoption of independent CPU, independent high-speed interconnection communication system and comprehensive optimization, the second phase system of "Tianhe No.1" was developed in 20 10/0. Tianhe-1 supercomputer won the first place in the world in the Top 500 ranking of world supercomputers in 20 10/month.
The main application fields of high performance computing in Tianjin Supercomputing Center include biomedicine, data processing of petroleum seismic exploration, animation and film rendering, new materials and new energy, design and simulation of high-end equipment, aerospace, fluid mechanics, weather forecast, climate prediction, simulation analysis of marine environment and so on.
Shenzhen National Supercomputer Center (2009)
It was approved to be established in May 2009, installed and debugged in June of 20 1 1 year, and the launching ceremony of the supercomputer center was put into operation in the same year1/month; On June 20 12, it officially provided commercial services for high-performance computing services to the society; By May of 20 14, the utilization rate of computing resources has exceeded 55%, the number of high-performance computing users has reached1056, the number of individual users of cloud computing has exceeded1750,000, and the number of institutions has reached 13,22 1 home.
The National Supercomputing Shenzhen Center (Shenzhen Cloud Computing Center) is a major science and technology infrastructure project with the largest single investment since the national layout and construction in Shenzhen. This project is a national 863 plan, a major project in Guangdong Province and Shenzhen City, and also a concrete action for Shenzhen to implement the Outline of the Pearl River Delta Reform and Development Plan (2008-2020) and the Comprehensive Reform Plan of Shenzhen City.
The mainframe system of Shenzhen National Supercomputing Center (Shenzhen Cloud Computing Center) was tested and confirmed by the World Supercomputing Organization in May 20 10, and its computing speed reached1271trillion times per second, ranking second in the world. At the same time, it is equipped with massive storage up to 17.2PB and rich network bandwidth resources from major operators and education networks.
The National Supercomputing Shenzhen Center (Shenzhen Cloud Computing Center) is based in Shenzhen, facing the whole country, serving South China, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Southeast Asia, carrying out various large-scale scientific computing, engineering simulation, animation rendering and other computing services, and providing cloud computing services for the society with its powerful data processing and storage capabilities. It will be built into a high-performance computing research and development center and cloud computing service center with complete functions, rich platforms, high efficiency and energy saving.
Changsha National Supercomputer Center (20 1 1 year)
The National Supercomputing Changsha Center was put into trial operation on 20th 1 1 year, and was officially opened for operation on 20th14th1month. The third national supercomputing center approved for construction after Tianjin and Shenzhen. Different from other supercomputing centers in China, Changsha Supercomputing Center is completely operated by universities.
Location: In the campus of Hunan University, the "Tianhe No.1" high-performance computer of National University of Defense Technology is adopted, and the calculation capacity is planned and built at 1000 trillion times per second, with a total investment of 720 million yuan. The first phase of the National Supercomputing Changsha Center has a planned construction area of 30,000 square meters, and it is planned to be completed by the end of 20 1 1. After completion, the computing capacity will reach 300 trillion times per second, which will be operated by Hunan University. The National University of Defense Technology will provide computing equipment and technical support, adhere to the principle of combining public welfare with operation, and provide high-performance computing application services for the society and the public.
Since its trial operation in 20 1 1 year, the center has provided high-performance computing platform services for meteorological, land, water conservancy, health/medical care, transportation and other public service departments. The center has established strategic cooperative relations with domestic institutions in the fields of high-performance computing, cloud computing and animation rendering, and has been tried out in some large enterprise platforms inside and outside the province. After it is officially put into operation, it will provide large-scale simulation design services for national equipment manufacturing enterprises.
The foundation stone was laid in 20 10/1month, and the project construction was actively promoted in accordance with the model of "government-led, military-civilian cooperation, provincial and school construction, and market operation". The main equipment of the project was put into trial operation on the Internet in June, 20 1 1, and the main building of the project was completed in July, 20 13. At the same time, the main equipment was moved from the national defense university to the new site of Hunan University, and the installation and debugging were completed, which has met the basic conditions for formal operation.
Jinan National Supercomputer Center (20 1 1 year)
Jinan National Supercomputing Center is one of the four petaflops supercomputing centers approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology, with a total investment of 600 million yuan. The main body of the construction is Shandong Academy of Sciences, and its subordinate unit, Shandong Computing Center, is responsible for the construction, management and operation.
Jinan Center officially started construction on March 20 1 1, and was completed and unveiled on October 271that year, providing external computing services. The successful construction of Jinan Center marks that China has become the third country after the United States and Japan to build a petascale supercomputer system with independent processors. Tested by the national authoritative organization, the sustained performance of Shenwei Blu-ray Supercomputer System in Jinan Center is 0.796PFlops(PetaFlops, petaflops/second), the efficiency of LINPACK is 74.4%, and the performance-power ratio exceeds 74 1MFlops/W (millions of floating-point operations/second watt). The assembly density and performance-power ratio are advanced in the world, and the system is comprehensive.
Relying on Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan Center has set up a scientific research and service team integrating technology research and development, computing services and technical support, and cooperated closely with experts and application units at home and abroad to provide computing and technical support services for marine science, modern agriculture, oil and gas exploration, climate and meteorology, drug screening, financial analysis, information security, industrial design, animation rendering and other fields, and undertake major scientific and technological or engineering projects such as national and provincial departments, providing platform support for China's scientific and technological innovation and economic development. Center positioning: public welfare high-performance computing technology and consulting service institutions.
Jinan National Supercomputer Center can analyze smog.
Although the smog problem still exists, the final result is not satisfactory, but in the face of smog, a series of efforts behind everyone should be made known to everyone. Taking the smog forecast as an example, today's technical level can accurately predict the air quality in the next three days, or even longer. Dr. Tang Xiao, an associate researcher at the State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry in lasg, said at the 20 15 Intel High Performance Computing Summit held recently, and the various early warning measures currently released are based on the judgment made by air quality forecast.
Although it seems that the smog forecast may not be as mature as the weather forecast, what you may not know is the difficulty behind the smog forecast.
According to Tang Xiao, air pollution is a very complicated process. It depends not only on the weather, but also on the chemical reaction process. For a simple example, the air pollution in China in the 1990s was called soot pollution, but now it is called compound pollution. At that time, when burning coal, the primary emission concentration of sulfur dioxide was very high, which was harmful but not easy to be observed by naked eyes. Now, you will obviously observe the impact of air pollution. The important reason is that the primary emission pollutants are converted into fine particles through chemical reactions, that is, PM2.5, which has a great impact on atmospheric visibility. Tang Xiao said that there are chemical transformations and interactions with meteorological processes.
Because there are many factors involved, the final result is unpredictable. You have to analyze how many of these changes have taken place, how many of them have changed, and how many of them have spread with meteorological conditions ... This process requires huge computing power on the one hand, and an accurate computing model on the other. Up to now, in terms of system model, China has built a model that conforms to China's situation after years of exploration. At the same time, China National Environmental Monitoring Center cooperated with Shuguang and Intel several years ago to establish a high-performance computing platform for haze prediction and early warning.
It is estimated that no one dares to say that such a system has been able to meet the needs. As Tang Xiao said in an interview, with the increasing demand for scientific research, they need more detailed monitoring, which means that more data will be generated in the end, and it will grow in the form of orders of magnitude; On the other hand, the calculation requirements of the chemical reaction of chemical primary emissions are very high, because it is not one or two independent chemical reactions at all, but hundreds of chemical changes that may react with each other. This is a considerable demand for the final calculation.
In fact, the challenges faced by smog forecasting can be understood as the epitome of the current difficulties of various applications that need ultra-large-scale computing power. The demand space is still very large, but the current technical level is still very limited. For example, Iflytek once said in an interview that even the fastest supercomputers can't meet their actual needs in terms of computing power. Therefore, the second best thing is to think of some optimization and improvement measures besides computing power. This can be summed up as an important purpose of Intel's high-performance computing summit, "to create a communication platform for everyone, and to share any good suggestions and practices."
In addition to smog, this conference also includes practice sharing in the fields of celestial observation, deep learning and marine climate ... Undoubtedly, high-performance computing is increasingly affecting all aspects of our lives, and the author sincerely hopes that technology can make our lives better. For example, on the smog issue, we can not only make predictions, but also give some more meaningful and easier-to-implement solutions for each region and even each factory. After all, economic development is still the top priority.
Guangzhou National Supercomputer Center (20 13 years)
Guangzhou National Supercomputing Center, jointly built by Guangdong Provincial People's Government, Guangzhou Municipal People's Government, National University of Defense Technology and Sun Yat-sen University, is the No.1 Science and Technology Project in Guangzhou, a major strategic infrastructure to boost the development of strategic emerging industries and support the construction of a national innovative city and a smart Guangzhou. It has become a world-class supercomputer center integrating high-performance computing, massive data processing and information management services, providing a powerful engine for the economic and social development of Guangzhou, Guangdong and even the whole country. Guangzhou Center is located in the scenic campus of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou University Town, with a total construction area of 42,332 square meters (5 floors above ground, about 32,332 square meters), of which the area of computer room and ancillary rooms is about17,500 square meters, including main computer room, storage room, high and low voltage power distribution room, cooling equipment room and ancillary rooms.
Since April 20 14, the cumulative number of users using Tianhe-2 is close to 700, supporting more than 100 national projects, more than 20 applications with more than 100,000 cores and 9 applications with more than one million cores. The output of available computing resources of "Tianhe No.2" in 20 15 years has exceeded the total annual available resources of two Tianjin supercomputers "Tianhe No.1 A" in saturated operation. The application scope covers material science and engineering calculation, biological calculation and personalized medical treatment, digital design and manufacturing, digital design of energy and related technologies, astronomy and cosmology, earth science and environmental engineering, finance, economy, smart city big data and cloud computing, etc., especially in cosmic science research, pollution control, large aircraft design and manufacturing, high-speed train design and manufacturing, large genome assembly and gene sequencing, biomedicine, and Qualcomm drug screening, which are related to the national economy and people's livelihood.