A new discipline category of art has been added, but no discipline category of military science has been established. The number 1 1 is reserved. The number of professional categories has increased from 73 before the revision to 92. The number of majors has been reduced from 635 before the revision to 506.
There is a main category and four majors under the category of philosophy. Economics has four majors, 17 majors. The law stipulates that there are 6 majors and 32 majors. Pedagogy is divided into two categories and 16 categories.
There are three categories and 76 categories of literature. In the historical category, there are 1 majors and 6 majors. There are 12 majors and 36 majors in the category of neo-Confucianism. There are 3 1 engineering disciplines and 69/kloc-0 engineering disciplines. Agronomy has 7 specialties and 27 specialties.
There are 1 1 specialties and 44 specialties in the medical field. There are 9 management majors and 46. Art has 5 majors and 33 majors.
Historical development of specialty
1, professional creation-the creation of advanced technology represented by tools.
In the Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age, until the "Four Great Inventions" in ancient China, primitive masons, coppersmith, blacksmith and carpenter, as the initial professional prototypes, were still popular in family workshops.
2. The beginning of modern specialty-the industrial revolution represented by the steam engine created the beginning of modern specialty.
Edison is the king of modern industrial inventions. He has contributed many inventions to mankind, including incandescent lamps and telephones that are still in use today. Primitive industrial structures such as factories and workshops have emerged.
In these places, they have been engaged in different product processing and service division for a long time, and the embryonic form of modern industrial specialization has emerged.
3. The emergence of modern majors-the emergence of modern majors represented by the rapid development of modern science and technology such as education and industry.
Due to a large number of socialized division of labor and educational practice, the name and work content of industrial and commercial practice, planning, design and research work have been promoted for a specific group of people, and a new occupation has been promoted to promote the professional dissemination of concepts.
4. Modern vocational mode-a modern vocational mode represented by vocational training, education and personnel training.
Because the development of large-scale industry needs certain skills, technologies, scientific theories, scientific research, experiments, tests and scientific evaluation of scientific talents, large-scale human talent output meets the needs of a large number of society and enterprises, which has laid the basic concept of specialty under modern information conditions.
5, professional differentiation and merger-the result of professional development is professional differentiation and merger.
Due to the rapid development of high social science and technology, and at the same time enjoying the rapid development of science and technology, human beings have developed and changed their traditional majors, with higher science and technology moving forward step by step.
With the continuous differentiation into new majors and the transformation into a large number of professional needs of society and enterprises, people call for more professional guidance and services, and improve their professional and technical content, such as industrial anti-static and industrial automation training.
Some professions with insufficient scientific and technological content have been verified by production practice, such as secretary, which may gradually disappear because of the rapid development of human quality and office technology.