Northeast China and North China are more suitable for breeding mink, fox and raccoon dog.
Cattle breed suitable for breeding in Northeast China: Simmental Cattle, a kind of beef cattle suitable for Heilongjiang climate.
Several famous aquatic products suitable for cultivation in Northeast China;
With the great improvement of people's living standards, traditional freshwater fish such as carp, silver carp and bighead carp can no longer meet people's needs, and a number of emerging freshwater species have developed greatly. Several varieties suitable for Northeast China are introduced as follows.
1 pengze crucian carp
Lu Hua crucian carp, also known as crucian carp, is an omnivorous fish with wide temperature. It lives in benthic organisms and likes to inhabit and eat in shallow waters with rich sediments and lush aquatic plants. Pengze crucian carp has strong adaptability to adverse environment, can grow in various water bodies, is resistant to high temperature, does not affect its survival when the water temperature reaches 38℃, and is resistant to cold and hypoxia. Even in frozen water, Pengze crucian carp can live well. The growing season in Northeast China is from May to 10, with the fastest growth from June to September.
Pengze crucian carp is an omnivorous crucian carp, which has a wide range of food sources. In natural waters, it is famous for its fast growth and large size. At present, the largest one found is 6.5kg. In pond culture, under normal circumstances, after about 6 months of culture, the average individual of Pengze crucian carp fry can reach 19cm, weighing 200g, and the common individual weight of adult fish is about 400-500 g. This rapid weight gain rate is higher than that of other fish breeds.
This variety shows excellent growth characteristics, strong adaptability and disease resistance in production. In recent years, the farming area in Northeast China has been continuously expanded, and good economic benefits have been achieved.
Silurus glanis in the northeast of China.
Northeast silurus glanis, also known as northeast catfish, is called Huaizi and Huaitou. Mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Songhua River, Nenjiang River and other rivers in China. It likes to live in rivers with gentle water flow and fresh water quality. It lives in seclusion under the dark water during the day and feeds at night. Its survival water temperature is 0 ~ 38℃, the optimum water temperature is 25 ~ 28℃, and it is not resistant to hypoxia. Dissolved oxygen in water grows normally above 3mg/L, floats below 2mg/L, and dies of anoxia below1mg/L..
Silurus meridionalis is a fierce carnivorous fish, which feeds on rotifers, water fleas, chironomid larvae and wild fry in the fry stage. In the adult stage, they eat the viscera of bottom fish, shrimp, frogs, tadpoles, domestic animals and poultry, and even the carrion of animals. In the case of food shortage, cannibalism is more serious. Reduce or stop eating in winter. Silurus meridionalis grows very fast, and the weight of fish 1 year old can reach 1 ~ 2 kg when food is sufficient. 2 nd instar fish can reach 1.5 ~ 2.5 kg; The weight of 3rd instar fish can reach 3 ~ 5 kg; Fish over 3 years old grow slowly.
The main culture of Silurus meridionalis in ponds has the characteristics of small investment, quick effect, high yield and great benefit, and is the main promotion mode of Silurus meridionalis culture in Northeast China at present.
3 black fish
Black fish, also known as snakehead and snakehead, etc. Snakehead likes to live in muddy bottom water with lush aquatic plants and easy turbidity, and often lurks in dark water. When the dissolved oxygen in the water is low, it can breathe by the organs in the gill cavity without water, so the snakehead has a strong viability and can maintain its life in an anhydrous and humid environment. The domestic water temperature is 0 ~ 4 1℃, and the optimum water temperature is 16 ~ 30℃.
Snakehead is a fierce carnivorous fish, which mainly feeds on animals. Fish, shrimp and aquatic insects are its favorite foods. The snakehead grows fast. Under natural conditions, the body length of 1 year-old is 19 ~ 40 cm and the body weight is1/kloc-0 ~ 753 g; The second instar is 40 ~ 47 cm long and weighs 625 ~1395 g; The third instar is 47 ~ 60 cm long and weighs about 2kg, and the largest individual can reach more than 5kg.
Black snakehead is a new species in Northeast China in recent years. Strong adaptability, fast growth, easy feeding, tender meat, nutrition and health care functions.
4 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, commonly known as a duck, Yu Yi, Huang Qiyu and Huang Gu, etc. It is widely distributed in northeast China, especially in Nenjiang River basin and its affiliated lakes and reservoirs. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has strong adaptability to the environment and can survive in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ditches and other waters. It likes to live in still water and slow flow, and live a benthic life. Inhabit underwater during the day and swim to the surface for food at night. The survival water temperature is 0 ~ 38℃, and it is resistant to hypoxia.
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a broad-spectrum medium and small carnivorous fish. In natural waters, the average weight of 1 winter fish is 15~40g, and the average weight of 2 winter fish is above 15 ~ 40g. Under the condition of artificial feeding, the weight of the year reached more than 30 grams; Second year 100g or more.
The fish has tender meat, delicious meat, less intermuscular thorns and rich nutrition. It is one of the high-quality and precious fish in China, and it is also an excellent species suitable for breeding and fishing. In recent years, the market demand is great, and high benefits have been achieved in pond culture in Northeast China.
Five mandarin fish
Mandarin fish, commonly known as osmanthus fish and angelfish, are distributed in major water systems in the north and south of China, especially in the Yangtze River. Siniperca chuatsi likes to live in rivers and lakes rich in aquatic plants and biological bait, and inhabit the bottom of water with poor light. Siniperca chuatsi seldom moves during the day and is active in foraging at night. It requires high water quality and is not resistant to hypoxia.
Siniperca chuatsi is a typical carnivorous fish. It feeds on live fish and shrimp all its life, and would rather starve than eat other foods. Mandarin fish grow faster. Larvae can grow to 65438 000 grams that year; The second-instar fish can reach 300g, and the third-instar fish can grow to about 1kg. Under the condition of artificial feeding, it can grow to 5 kg at most. Mandarin fish is a famous freshwater treasure at home and abroad, and its price is stable. It is a representative of an excellent aquatic product, with high yield per mu, and has a certain friendship exhibition in Northeast China.
6 loach
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is a widely distributed and adaptable warm-water fish. The suitable water temperature is 10 ~ 30℃, and it likes to live on the surface of humus sludge at the bottom. When the water temperature is lower than 5℃ or higher than 34℃, it will be submerged at the depth of 10 ~ 30cm.
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is an omnivorous fish, which feeds on plankton, small crustaceans, insects, aquatic plant debris and algae. Sometimes they eat underwater humus.
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is a favorite aquatic food for consumers and one of the important aquatic products exported by foreign trade. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus culture has always been a good aquaculture project in the north and south of China because of its easy feeding and high efficiency.