Dysmenorrhea
Dysmenorrhea refers to severe pain in the lower abdomen before or during menstruation. Backache. Even nausea and vomiting are common diseases among women.
Dysmenorrhea always brings a lot of troubles to women, and in severe cases, it will directly affect normal work and life. It should be pointed out that general lower abdominal discomfort, but it does not hinder work and life, should not be called dysmenorrhea.
According to the cause, dysmenorrhea is roughly divided into two types: one is where no obvious lesions in the reproductive system can be found, which is called primary dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea usually occurs at the beginning of menarche, usually due to uterine contraction and ischemia leading to neuropsychiatric pain, or due to uterine dysplasia and cervical stenosis. Improper position of the uterus and endocrine disorders. The latter types of dysmenorrhea mostly occur within three months after the start of menstruation and may last throughout the childbearing period. However, for many women, their dysmenorrhea will be significantly reduced or even disappear after pregnancy and childbirth. The other type is dysmenorrhea caused by a definite disease, called secondary dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea occurs only after a period of normal menstruation (mostly three years). Genital inflammation, uterine fibroids. Reproductive organ diseases such as endometriosis can cause secondary dysmenorrhea.
Dysmenorrhea is very common, and in most cases the symptoms are mild and do not require special treatment. While dysmenorrhea itself is not life-threatening, many times it can be a sign of a more serious condition. Therefore, if you have dysmenorrhea, you should go to the hospital to see a doctor as soon as possible to determine the cause of dysmenorrhea. If it is secondary dysmenorrhea, the primary disease should be actively treated. If it is caused by dysplasia and weak constitution, the whole body should be treated; if it is caused by cervical stenosis, cervical dilation surgery is possible; if it is caused by endocrine disorders, it should be adjusted.
Simple home remedies for treating dysmenorrhea:
(1) Under the guidance of a doctor, take orally some antipyretic and analgesic drugs such as Sanli Tong, Naproxen tablets, etc. for pain relief; take Belladonna orally Take tablets or atropine and other drugs to relieve spasmodic pain.
(2) Take a branch of Angelica sinensis, slice it into slices and decoct it in water.
(3) Take 1g of mugwort leaves, add brown sugar and decoct in water.
(4) Take 10g of fried Wulingzhi, 6g of Puhuang and 30g of Salvia miltiorrhiza and decoct in water. Take.
(5) Take dried loofah: strips, add water and boil in a bowl.
(6) Take 250 grams of salt, heat it, wrap it in a cloth and warm it. When the skin and flesh are not burned, wrap it on the lower abdomen.
(7) Take 9 grams of Salvia miltiorrhiza, grind it into fine powder, and mix it with wine.
(8) Take the bitter taste. 30 grams of ginseng, grind into fine pieces, mix with vinegar and swallow.
(9) Take 15 grams of ginger and 50 grams of brown sugar.
(10) Take Huanghua ( (gold), 60 grams of mutton or lean meat, 250 ml of rice wine, add appropriate amount of water to stew, eat soup and meat: daily, take for several days.
(11) Take Xiaozhitan. 30 grams of brown sugar, decocted in water: 1 dose per day, 1 to 2 doses in a row.
Be careful when suffering from dysmenorrhea:
(1) ) Go to the hospital for examination as soon as possible, especially when you have severe pain accompanied by symptoms such as sweating, cold limbs, and blue complexion, to find out whether it is primary dysmenorrhea or secondary dysmenorrhea. It is best to be aware of severe dysmenorrhea. Rest in bed for half a day or a day, which can greatly relieve abdominal pain.
(2) Keep warm before, during and during menstruation. At the same time, avoid overexertion.
(3) Eat more light, easy-to-digest foods, and avoid cold, spicy, and irritating foods.
(4) Pay attention to cleaning the vulva, wash it with water once a day, and change the pad frequently.
(5) ) Pay attention to mental recuperation, remove psychological barriers, make the spirit happy, and the Qi flow is smooth.
Dysmenorrhea is common among those who experience abdominal pain and other discomforts before, during, and after menstruation, which affects their work and life. It is dysmenorrhea. The pain usually occurs on the 1st to 2nd day of the menstrual period, and sometimes the abdominal pain begins 1 to 2 days before the menstrual period. The pain is usually worsened by paroxysmal lower abdominal cramping, pain, and distension, and can radiate to the abdomen. Lumbosacral area, inner side, vagina, and anus; patients with membranous dysmenorrhea will experience severe pain when expelling a large piece of shed endometrium, and the pain will decrease rapidly once it is expelled; patients with severe pain may have cold limbs, pale complexion, or even collapse. .
It may also be accompanied by other gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, bladder and rectal irritation symptoms, such as frequent urination, urgency, anal distension, etc., and discomforts such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, or nervousness. .
So far, reports on the incidence of dysmenorrhea at home and abroad vary greatly due to the different pain thresholds and tolerance levels of each person, and the lack of objective and quantitative methods to accurately measure pain levels. In 1980, my country's Menstrual Physiological Constants Cooperative Group surveyed 71,746 women, and 33.2% had dysmenorrhea. Among them, 36.1% had primary dysmenorrhea, 31.7% had secondary dysmenorrhea, and 32.2% had unknown causes. Severe dysmenorrhea affects 13.6% of people's lives and work. In 1982, Andersch and Milsom reported that 72% of 19-year-old urban women in Sweden had dysmenorrhea, and 15% of them needed to take painkillers. In 1985, it was reported that about 50% of post-adolescent women in the United States had varying degrees of dysmenorrhea, and 10% needed to rest for 1 to 3 days per month due to dysmenorrhea. It can be seen that dysmenorrhea is a relatively common disease among women. In recent years, it has been reported abroad that the incidence of dysmenorrhea among women before the age of 19 has increased significantly.
Strictly speaking, dysmenorrhea should be a clinical manifestation, or a symptom. It is generally divided into two categories: primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea.
Primary dysmenorrhea is also called functional dysmenorrhea, that is, no organic disease is found in the patient's reproductive organs, but dysmenorrhea occurs due to certain reasons. Dysmenorrhea is most common among unmarried and prenatal women under the age of 25 and occurs after the ovulation cycle is established at menarche.
Secondary dysmenorrhea is also called organic dysmenorrhea, which mainly refers to dysmenorrhea caused by organic lesions of women’s reproductive organs. The gynecological diseases that most commonly cause secondary dysmenorrhea include: endometriosis, adenomyosis, submucosal uterine fibroids, intracervical or uterine cavity adhesions, cervical canal stenosis, reproductive tract malformations, and placement of contraceptive rings. and pelvic inflammatory disease, etc.
It is sometimes difficult to clearly distinguish between primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. For example, in patients with primary dysmenorrhea, their dysmenorrhea worsens a few years later due to combined genital disease. At this time, it is difficult to determine whether the pain is caused by primary dysmenorrhea or secondary dysmenorrhea. There is also another situation where a patient originally diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea actually suffers from milder endometriosis. When a laparoscopy is performed, the disease is confirmed and the patient is immediately diagnosed as secondary dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea are only two types of dysmenorrhea, and it is sometimes difficult to make an accurate clinical distinction between the two.
According to epidemiological surveys, the factors related to primary dysmenorrhea are:
(1) The sooner or later menarche occurs: Survey data confirms that the degree of primary dysmenorrhea is related to menarche. There is a clear correlation with age. People with early menarche have a higher incidence of dysmenorrhea, and the degree of dysmenorrhea is also more severe.
(2) Marital and childbearing status: So far, there are still two views on the relationship between primary dysmenorrhea and marriage. Most people believe that there is no correlation between marriage and the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea; however, a few people believe that there may be a certain relationship between marriage and primary dysmenorrhea. Many female patients have relieved their dysmenorrhea after marriage. Both views need to be confirmed by a large number of clinical studies.
(3) It may be related to overwork, tension, cold and allergic constitution during menstruation.
The factors related to secondary dysmenorrhea are:
(1) Pay attention to insufficient hygiene during menstruation, pregnancy and puerperium; start sexual life too early; have many sexual partners (after sexual openness) , causing inflammation.
(2) Repeated abortion operations or uterine cavity operations can cause adhesions and inflammation.
(3) Contraceptive situation: There is a certain relationship between dysmenorrhea and instrumental contraception, especially the placement of the intrauterine device-the contraceptive ring, which can often aggravate the degree of dysmenorrhea. This may be after the placement of the intrauterine device. , the production of prostaglandin (PG) in endometrial tissue increases, leading to aggravation of dysmenorrhea. Contraceptive pills contain progesterone, which relaxes the smooth muscles of the uterus, thus reducing the pain caused by spasms. Oral contraceptives reduce the incidence and severity of primary dysmenorrhea.
(4) The influence of menstrual cycle and length of menstrual period: Generally, the severity of dysmenorrhea is not affected by the length of menstrual cycle. However, since dysmenorrhea itself manifests as abdominal pain during menstruation, people with longer menstrual periods often experience pain. It also lasts a long time, which is most prominent in patients with endometriosis.
(5) Other factors: Some people report that obese people may be more susceptible to dysmenorrhea.
It has also been reported that smokers tend to have more severe menstrual cramps than non-smokers, and the degree of dysmenorrhea often increases with the amount of smoking. This may be because smoking often causes vasoconstriction and leads to ischemia and pain.
Dysmenorrhea is a group of gynecological diseases with clinical manifestations of pain. Strictly speaking, dysmenorrhea should be a symptom rather than an independent disease. However, because the pain manifests itself uniquely and constitutes the onset of the patient's illness, it can currently be classified as a gynecological disease.
The causes of dysmenorrhea are varied. From the perspective of Chinese medicine (TCM), it is often believed that poor menstrual blood circulation, qi stagnation and blood stasis are the fundamental causes of dysmenorrhea, and "blockage results in pain" is the most fundamental view of traditional Chinese medicine.
Based on Western medicine, it is believed that there are many causes of dysmenorrhea, and the symptoms of dysmenorrhea are often not exactly the same. For example, dysmenorrhea in patients with uterine submucosal fibroids may be caused by space-occupying space in the uterine cavity. Lesions affect the smooth discharge of menstrual blood and cause spasmodic pain. In patients with reproductive tract malformations, such as incomplete obstruction of the reproductive tract, cervical stenosis, atresia of the hymen, etc., abnormal contraction of the uterine muscles may cause pain due to obstruction of menstrual blood outflow. The presence of foreign bodies in the uterine cavity (such as the placement of an intrauterine contraceptive ring) can also stimulate the uterus and cause abnormal contractions, leading to pain. Patients with endometriosis often experience dysmenorrhea due to increased levels of prostaglandins in the body.
No matter which of the above situations causes dysmenorrhea, the root causes can be roughly summarized as the following aspects:
(1) Excessive contraction of the uterus. Although the uterine contraction pressure of patients with dysmenorrhea is basically the same as that of normal women (normal pressure is about 4.9Kpa), the uterine contraction lasts longer and is often difficult to completely relax, so dysmenorrhea caused by excessive uterine contraction occurs.
(2) Abnormal uterine contraction. Patients with dysmenorrhea often have abnormal uterine contractions, which often leads to ischemia of uterine smooth muscles. Ischemia of uterine muscles can cause spasmodic contractions of uterine muscles, resulting in pain and dysmenorrhea. Recently, it was reported that experimental studies found that the increase in vasopressin in the patient's blood may be an important factor causing abnormal uterine contractions.
(3) The content of prostaglandin (PG) in the endometrium and menstrual blood increases. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has the function of acting on uterine muscle fibers to cause them to contract. A large number of experiments have confirmed that the PG content in the endometrial tissue and menstrual blood of patients with dysmenorrhea is significantly higher than that in normal women [the content in normal women is 395 to 435 nanograms per liter (ng/L)]. At different times of the menstrual cycle, the contents of PGE2 and PGF2a are different, so the PGF2a/PGE2 ratio is also different, and the contents of both are relatively high in the secretory phase. Therefore, its stimulation can cause abnormal uterine muscle contraction, leading to increased uterine tension and pain.
In patients with endometriosis, the relationship between dysmenorrhea and PG content is more obvious. According to reports in the literature, the levels of PGF2a metabolites in the serum and peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis are higher than those in those without dysmenorrhea.
Treatment:
Massage, acupuncture, diet therapy, drug therapy, etc. can be used.
For functional dysmenorrhea, there are:
(1) General treatment: First, persuade the patient to eliminate fear, abandon ideological pressure, actively eliminate the cause of the disease, and pay attention to daily life, especially during menstruation. During this period, you should pay more attention to avoid strenuous activities, cold and cold food, mental stimulation, married life, etc.
(2) Antispasmodic and analgesic drug treatment: This is a quick and effective treatment measure that can be used clinically as an emergency. For those with mild general pain, you can choose indomethacin, painkillers, belladonna tablets, Corydalis medulla tablets, atropine, etc. in appropriate amounts. For individual patients with severe pain, codeine, pethidine and other drugs may be considered.
(3) Anti-prostaglandin drug treatment: With the gradual deepening of modern medical research on dysmenorrhea, gratifying results have been achieved by using drugs that have an antagonistic effect on prostaglandins in the treatment of dysmenorrhea. Commonly used drugs include indomethacin, pyridoxine, and anthranilic acid drugs (such as flufenamic acid, mefenamic acid, etc.). The above drugs can prevent the synthesis of prostate and antagonize prostaglandins. In addition, some people use oral contraceptives to treat dysmenorrhea, which also has good therapeutic effects. Experimental studies have proven that oral contraceptives can inhibit the synthesis and release of prostaglandin F?2a, thereby achieving the purpose of treating dysmenorrhea.
(4) Endocrine hormone therapy: The main endocrine hormones that can be used to treat dysmenorrhea are: ①Estrogen: There are many types of estrogen preparations, including natural estrogen (steroidal hormones) and synthetic estrogen (non-steroidal hormones), available in long-acting, short-acting, etc. The most commonly used clinical estrogen is ethylphenol, which can be taken starting from the 5th day after menstruation, 0.5 to 1 mg per day, and a course of treatment lasts for 20 days. Use continuously for 2 to 3 menstrual cycles. Mainly suitable for dysmenorrhea patients with uterine dysplasia. ②Progesterone: Women have different sources of progesterone during different physiological periods. In the first half of menstruation, it mainly comes from the adrenal gland. After ovulation, the corpus luteum produces more progesterone. During pregnancy, in addition to the continued production of progesterone by the corpus luteum, it mainly comes from the placenta. Generally, 60 mg of progestin is taken orally every day, divided into 2 to 3 times. Start taking the medicine on the 4th day before menstruation and stop taking it 1 to 2 days after menstruation; you can also start intramuscular injection of progesterone on the 21st day after menstruation, 20 mg per day, for 5 days. By supplementing progesterone, the balance between estrogen and progesterone is restored, so that the endometrium during menstruation can be peeled off into fragments as normal. This type of hormone is mainly used to treat membranous dysmenorrhea. ③Contraceptive pills: Contraceptive pills can change hormone levels in the body, inhibit ovulation, and change the characteristics of cervical mucus and the cycle of the endometrium. You can take oral short-acting contraceptive pills once a day starting from the 5th day of the menstrual cycle for 20 to 22 days. You can consider stopping the pill after taking it for 2 to 3 menstrual cycles.
(5) Surgical treatment: ①Cervical dilation and dilation and curettage: For patients with cervical stenosis, dilation with instruments can facilitate the smooth discharge of menstrual blood and reduce or relieve pain. This surgery is especially suitable for married infertile patients with dysmenorrhea because the endometrium can be harvested for pathological examination to understand the ovarian function and whether there are any organic lesions in the endometrium. According to statistics, about 1/4 of cases can be cured. ② Uterine suspension surgery: If the uterus is retroverted and flexed, and the results are not satisfactory after taking some treatment measures, uterine suspension surgery can be performed. Correcting the position of the uterus facilitates menstrual blood circulation and relieves pain. Especially for some patients with post-marital infertility whose uterus is retroverted and retroflexed, uterine suspension surgery can help them get pregnant. ③ Presacral neurectomy: The efficiency of this surgery is not very high, and it can easily cause menorrhagia after surgery, so few people use this method for treatment.
The vast majority of organic dysmenorrhea is secondary dysmenorrhea. Common factors that can cause organic dysmenorrhea are chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic tuberculosis, endometriosis, etc. For organic dysmenorrhea, there are:
(1) Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease: To treat dysmenorrhea caused by chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, we must first pay attention to rest, pay attention to hygiene, improve nutrition, strengthen exercise, and establish a thorough treatment of the disease. confidence. Commonly used treatment measures include: ① Systemic medication: The main one is the use of antibiotics. Adding adrenocortical hormones while using antibiotics can enhance the efficacy. Placental tissue fluid or placental globulin can also be injected intramuscularly to improve the body's disease resistance and promote the absorption of local inflammation. In addition, the use of progestins, such as progesterone, medroxyprogesterone and other drugs, also has certain effects. ② Local medication: Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is prone to adhesions around organs due to long-term inflammatory stimulation, and it is difficult for antibacterial drugs to enter the diseased tissue. However, local medication can effectively make up for this shortcoming of systemic medication. The selected drugs can be administered to the side of the fornix. Closure, intrauterine injection, etc. ③Physical therapy: There are many methods and types of physical therapy, such as ultra-short wave, far infrared, audio, etc. These treatment measures can promote blood circulation, relieve tissue adhesion, improve local nutrition, and help dissipate inflammation. ④ Surgical treatment: Surgical treatment should be based on the specific situation, strictly control the indications, and perform hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy as appropriate. This treatment method is mainly suitable for those who are over 40 years old and have no desire to have children. The disease has a long course and cannot be cured for a long time, which seriously affects work and study. The gynecological examination shows large inflammation or water accumulation, and the diameter of the mass is more than 6 cm.
(2) Pelvic tuberculosis: Pelvic tuberculosis is also an inflammatory reaction, but it has its specificity. Treatment generally takes the following measures. ① General treatment: Tuberculosis of reproductive organs is the same as tuberculosis of other organs. The strength of the body's resistance plays an important role in controlling the development of the disease, promoting the healing of lesions, and preventing future recurrence. Therefore, patients should pay attention to self-regulation of diet and daily life, and for those with infertility caused by tuberculosis of the reproductive organs, they should pay more attention to the regulation of mental and emotional conditions to improve the body's ability to resist the disease.
② Anti-tuberculosis drug treatment: Anti-tuberculosis drugs are mostly antibiotics or synthetic drugs. Their main function is to destroy or interfere with the metabolic process of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, thereby inhibiting its growth, reproduction and toxin formation. The most commonly used isoniazid, streptomycin, rifamycins and pyrazinamide are bactericides, and others such as para-aminosalicylic acid and ethambutol are bacteriostatic agents. Clinically, joint, regular and full course medication is generally adhered to. Most people now advocate two-stage treatment: intensive (1 to 3 months) and consolidation. The total course of treatment is generally no less than one year. Because genital tuberculosis lesions tend to be chronic and relapsing, treatment effects vary depending on body reactivity, bacterial virulence, and chemical drug effects. If the treatment time is too short, the recurrence rate will be high. If the treatment time is too long, Mycobacterium tuberculosis will easily form drug-resistant strains. In order to delay the emergence of drug-resistant strains and improve the therapeutic effect, streptomycin, isoniazid and para-aminosalicylic acid can be used in combination in the early stages of treatment. Under normal circumstances, even if drug-resistant strains exist, the combination of drugs will Has therapeutic effect. If resistance to commonly used anti-tuberculosis drugs has developed, non-resistant drugs such as rifampicin, kanamycin, ethambutol and other drugs can be used for continued treatment. ③ Surgical treatment: Surgical treatment is not the first choice of treatment, but it can be used for acute fallopian tube empyema, ovarian abscess caused by tuberculosis, etc. that are ineffective or relapse after treatment with anti-tuberculosis drugs; menopausal or post-menopausal genital tuberculosis, but no other Those with active tuberculosis; those with secondary infections, recurrent pelvic inflammation, and severe involvement of pelvic organs; those with persistently positive menstrual blood bacteria or menorrhagia, tuberculous endometritis that cannot be cured; tuberculous fistulas that cannot be cured, etc. Consider total hysterectomy and adnexectomy. It should be noted that anti-tuberculosis drug treatment must be given before surgery to avoid tuberculosis activity and spread due to surgery.
(3) Endometriosis: The treatment principle of endometriosis is based on the patient’s symptoms, location, scope, age, fertility requirements, and whether there are other gynecological complications. Depends on the disease. The specific treatment methods of modern medicine are as follows:
①Synthetic progesterone: Periodic treatment can be done with drugs such as isonandrosterone, norethindrone, megestrol, chlormadinone, medroxyprogesterone, etc. Degenerate the ectopic endometrium. Generally, from the 6th day to the 25th day of the menstrual cycle, 5 to 10 mg of one of the above drugs is taken orally once a day. The course of treatment depends on the therapeutic effect. This method can inhibit ovulation. If you want to conceive, you can take isonandrolone or norethindrone 10 mg once a day from the 16th day to the 25th day of menstruation. This can control the dysmenorrhea caused by endometriosis without affecting ovulation. In addition, some people advocate the use of large doses of synthetic progesterone for 3 to 10 months, which can cause a pseudopregnancy state and cause the ectopic endometrial tissue to undergo a decoating reaction, followed by necrosis, and finally absorbed and disappeared. The application dose should be gradually increased from small to large. Starting one week before the expected menstruation, take 4 mg of megestrol once, twice a day for 1 week; in the second week, take 4 mg once, 3 times a day; 8 mg once for three weeks, twice a day; after the fourth week, gradually increase the dose to 20 mg, once a day. Or take isonandrolone or norethindrone 5 mg once a day; then 10 mg once a day in the second week; 15 mg once a day in the third and fourth weeks; 20 mg once a day in the fifth and sixth weeks Once a day; 30 mg, once a day in the seventh and eighth weeks; 40 mg, once a day in the ninth and tenth weeks, until symptoms and signs improve or are relieved. Pseudopregnancy therapy should last for at least 3 months and up to 2 years. About 80% of patients with this therapy can significantly improve their symptoms and signs, but about 20% of patients relapse six months after treatment. ② Testosterone: It also has certain effects on endometriosis. The dose should be determined according to tolerance, and the starting dose can be 10 mg twice daily. Beginning 2 weeks after the menstrual cycle, take it orally orally. This dose rarely affects the cycle and causes virilizing side effects. However, to achieve the purpose of pain relief, it often needs to last for several cycles. After that, the dosage can be reduced, and the treatment can be continued for a period of time before stopping for observation. If pregnancy can occur, the disease can be cured. There is also oral administration of 10 mg of methyltestosterone once a day, or intramuscular injection of 25 mg of testosterone propionate, twice a week, with a course of 6 to 8 weeks. The drug should be stopped for at least 4 weeks between two courses of treatment. This treatment method can cause delayed menstruation, reduced menstrual flow or even amenorrhea, but it can be restored after stopping the treatment. ③Surgical treatment: Surgical treatment is an effective treatment method. Surgical treatment may be performed for those who respond to drugs or are ineffective in drug treatment.
If the patient has intrinsic endometriosis, is close to 40 years old, or has children, and is not accompanied by external endometriosis, total hysterectomy can be performed with preservation of bilateral appendages. However, if there is external endometriosis and the lesions cannot be removed, the appendages should be removed. If you are young and want to preserve your fertility and the endometriosis is limited to one part of the uterus, enucleation of the diseased area may be possible. ④Radiation therapy: If the lesions are located in the intestinal tract, urinary tract or pelvic connective tissue, it is difficult to undergo surgery, or the endocrine treatment effect is not good, or the recurrence cases are close to menopause, or the patient's physical condition is poor, or for other reasons such as being too obese, it is not suitable for There are great concerns about surgery, etc. Radiation therapy can also be used to cause artificial menopause. Generally, uterine radium therapy or cobalt 60 radiation therapy can destroy ovarian function and cause ectopic endometrium to atrophy.
In addition, there are many diseases that can also cause organic dysmenorrhea. The key to its treatment is to treat the primary disease. As long as the primary disease that causes dysmenorrhea is cured, the dysmenorrhea will be cured. It will naturally resolve or disappear.
The occurrence of dysmenorrhea is often caused by factors such as emotional injury, careless daily living, harm from the six evils, or insufficient innate endowment, resulting in poor circulation of Qi and blood in Chongren and the uterus, resulting in pain due to blockage; It may cause Chong Ren and the uterus to lose nourishment, causing pain due to lack of prosperity.
(1) Qi stagnation and blood stasis: depression due to depression, or anger damage to the liver, qi stagnation, poor blood flow, obstruction of the flow of qi and blood, affecting the normal excretion of menstrual blood, thus causing dysmenorrhea. . (2) Yang deficiency and internal cold: Deficiency of prime yang, endogenous yin-cold, Chongren, and uterus lose warmth and nourishment and become stagnant, unable to flow smoothly and leading to dysmenorrhea. (3) Cold and dampness stagnation: Too much love for coolness, or living in a humid place, or trauma to wind-cold and cold-dampness, cold and dampness travels to the uterus, causing qi and blood to not flow smoothly and causing dysmenorrhea. (4) Damp-heat bet: It is known that damp-heat is inherent, and the damp-heat flows into Chongren, blocking the movement of qi and blood; or during menstruation or postpartum, the evil of dampness and heat is felt, staying in Chongren, or guest cells, and interfering with menstrual blood. Causes dysmenorrhea. (5) Deficiency of Qi and blood: The spleen is weak and the stomach is weak, and the transformation of Qi and blood is insufficient; or serious illness and long-term illness damage Qi and blood, the menstrual flow is even more deficient, and the Chongren and uterus are not nourished, so dysmenorrhea occurs. (6) Liver and kidney deficiency: Liver and kidney deficiency in the original body, or liver and kidney damage due to prolific labor, etc., resulting in loss of essence and blood, insufficient Chong and Ren, and loss of nourishment of the cell veins. After menstruation, the essence and blood will be even more damaged, and the Chong and Ren cells will be damaged. Loss of nourishment can lead to dysmenorrhea.
Dietary therapy, simply put, refers to what meals should be eaten by patients with dysmenorrhea and what meals should not be eaten. Patients with dysmenorrhea have different syndrome types, and food has four odors and five flavors. In daily life, patients, especially During the menstrual period and before and after, you can eat scientifically, use the bias of food to correct the yin and yang bias of the body, coordinate the functions of the internal organs, and promote the recovery of dysmenorrhea.
Menstruation is a special physiological phenomenon for women. During this period, special attention should be paid to dietary regulation. For patients with dysmenorrhea, they should avoid eating cold and raw foods as well as spicy and hot foods. Otherwise, the phenomenon of sluggish menstrual blood flow will become more serious, which will not only be detrimental to the recovery of the disease, but will also aggravate the pain. You can eat more foods with lukewarm properties, and choose meals with different smells and properties according to different syndrome types.
(1) Qi stagnation and blood stasis type: You can eat more foods that can promote qi and blood circulation, such as radish, lychee, orange, hawthorn, loofah, peach kernel, chicken gizzard, celery, rape, and dace Fish, cuttlefish, peanuts, fennel, etc.
(2) Cold-damp stagnation type: You can eat more foods that can dispel cold, dehumidify, and warm the meridians, such as ginger, green onions, fennel, star anise, pepper, high grains, lentils, leeks, mustard greens, and peppers. , lychees, peaches, chestnuts, mutton, venison, chicken, dog meat, carp, crucian carp, eel, sea snake, pepper, etc.
(3) Yang deficiency and internal cold type: You can eat more foods that can warm the spleen and kidneys, replenish yang and dispel cold, such as soybean oil, pepper, star anise, fennel, leeks, mutton, beef, dog meat, animal kidney, Pigeon meat, sparrow, grass carp, shrimp, seahorse, etc.
(4) Damp-heat bet type: You can eat more foods that can clear away damp-heat, such as bitter melon, bitter greens, purslane, eggplant, cucumber, winter melon, rape, spinach, mung beans, and apples. , pears, barley, tea, seaweed, adzuki beans, day lily, clams, etc.
(5) Qi and blood deficiency type: You can eat more foods that can replenish qi and promote blood, such as sea cucumbers, chicken, jujubes, black beans, mushrooms, wolfberries, longan meat, milk, eggs, grapes, animals Liver, octopus, loach, croaker, etc.
(6) Liver and kidney deficiency type: You can eat more foods that can nourish the liver and kidneys, such as wolfberry, tremella, fungus, coconut, walnut, animal kidney, pig marrow, beef marrow, sheep liver, Beef tendon, deer tail, chicken liver, quail, hairtail, soft-shell turtle, scallop, abalone, placenta, duck eggs, turtle, etc.
Patients with dysmenorrhea should pay attention to several points when using medicated diet to treat their diseases: First, the medicated diet must be rationally selected according to the patient’s specific syndrome type in order to have a therapeutic effect. Otherwise, it will aggravate the condition and be detrimental to recovery. Secondly, we must master the dosage of meals. If we blindly eat meals regardless of the changes in the condition, and the more the better, if we overeat and eat too much, we will suffer the consequences. Thirdly, according to the physiological characteristics of menstruation, we should rationally arrange and prepare different medicated meals in stages. Eating it not only embodies the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in treating diseases, but also prevents patients from eating a kind of medicinal diet, which may cause boredom and excessive harm.
(1) Qi stagnation and blood stasis type: ① Motherwort boiled eggs: 60 grams of motherwort, 20 grams of Yuanhu, 2 eggs. Boil it with water, peel the eggs after they are cooked, and then boil them. After removing the medicinal residue, eat the eggs and drink the soup. Start using it 3 to 5 days before menstruation and use it for 7 days. ② Radish and tangerine peel porridge: 200 grams of white radish, 20 grams of tangerine peel, appropriate amount of flour and condiments. Eat as porridge. ③ Motherwort porridge: 100 grams of motherwort (fresh product), 50 grams of japonica rice, appropriate amount of brown sugar. Cook porridge and eat. ④Distillers' grains and eggs: 6 eggs, 50 grams of distillers' grains, 12 grams each of Cyperus rotundus, peach kernel, and Chuanxiong. After the eggs are cooked, remove the shells and cook them together with the medicine for about 1 hour. Start using it 3 days before menstruation. Eat 1 egg in the morning and evening, and drink a small amount of soup. ⑤Peach kernel cake: 50 grams of peach kernel, 20 grams each of chicken gizzard, tangerine peel and yuanhu. ***For fine powder, eat with appropriate amount of flour pancakes.
(2) Cold-damp stagnation type: ① Angelica and mutton soup: 30 grams of angelica, 10 grams each of cinnamon, fennel, and Sichuan pepper, and 200 grams of mutton. Add water and cook together. After the meat is cooked, add appropriate seasonings. Eat the meat and drink the soup. Start using it 3 to 5 days before menstruation and use it for 7 days. ②Mugwort leaves and fennel eggs: 30 grams each of mugwort leaves, large and small fennel, and 2 eggs. Add water and boil, remove the shells after the eggs are cooked, boil again, and eat the eggs. Start taking it 3 to 5 days before menstruation and use it for 1 week. ③Three pepper chicken: 10 grams each of pepper, star anise and Sichuan pepper, 200 grams of chicken, appropriate amount of condiments. After cooking the chicken, eat the meat and drink the soup.
(3) Yang deficiency and internal cold type: ① Osmanthus pork loin: 10 grams each of cinnamon and Sichuan peppercorns, 6 grams of Morinda officinalis, 1 pair of pork loin, appropriate amount of condiments. Add water and cook together. When the meat is cooked, eat the meat and drink the soup. ② Fennel and sparrow soup: 10 grams each of anise, fennel, and amomum villosum, two sparrows, and appropriate seasonings. Add water and stew together with the soup. Eat meat and drink the soup. ③ Guiwu egg soup: 10 grams of aconite, 6 grams of cinnamon, 5 grams of pepper, 2 black eggs, a little green onion and ginger. Decoction the medicine into soup, add eggs, season with salt and eat.
(4) Wet and hot bet type: ① Purslane porridge: 30 grams of dried purslane, appropriate amount of rice. ***Cook porridge and eat. ② Corn and adzuki bean porridge: 50 grams each of coix kernel and adzuki bean, and 6 grams of amomum villosum. ***Eat after cooking porridge. ③Fresh lotus root and luffa soup: appropriate amounts of fresh lotus root, luffa, fresh dandelion and condiments. Make soup and eat. ④ Clam meat and winter melon soup: 500 grams of winter melon, 250 grams of mussel meat, appropriate amount of rice wine, green onion, ginger, salt and MSG. Serve in soup. ⑤Two-grass porridge: 30 grams each of soybean grass and plantain (fresh product), appropriate amount of flour. Make porridge and eat.
(5) Qi and blood deficiency type: ① Astragalus and longan chicken: 60 grams each of astragalus and longan, 20 grams of Yuanhu, 1 hen, add water and cook together, add seasonings after the meat is cooked, eat the meat and drink the soup . ② Tremella soup: 30 grams of Tremella, 20 jujubes, appropriate amount of lean pork. Add water to make soup, add seasonings and eat. ③Chicken stewed with astragalus and donkey-hide gelatin: 250 grams of chicken, 30 grams of astragalus, 15 grams of donkey-hide gelatin, appropriate amounts of green onions, ginger, and salt, and can be used as soup. ④ Guiqi mutton soup: 500 grams of mutton, 60 grams of angelica, 30 grams of astragalus, appropriate amount of condiments. ***Eat as soup. ⑤ Mushroom and pigeon broth: 30 grams of mushrooms, 1 pigeon, cook until cooked and add condiments before eating.