Oncomelania hupensis the only intermediate host of schistosomiasis, so schistosomiasis can only be prevalent in areas with Oncomelania hupensis. In China, schistosomiasis is prevalent on both sides of the Yangtze River and in 12 provinces, autonomous regions and Shanghai, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. After years of prevention and control, the epidemic of the disease has been basically controlled. The infection rate of Oncomelania hupensis is closely related to the degree of water pollution, which can be determined by sentinel snail method. Oncomelania hupensis distributed in China is called Hubei Oncomelania hupensis, and there are 7 subspecies. Oncomelania hupensis an amphibian mollusk, which mostly breeds in irrigation ditches or riverside shoals with abundant water and rich organic matter. They usually live above and below the waterline. In winter, as the temperature drops, they hibernate a few centimeters below the ground. Oncomelania hupensis can be on the ground, but its range of activities is limited and its speed is slow. Oncomelania hupensis can adhere to various floating objects on the water surface, such as lake grass, reeds, ships, etc., and spread far away, thus expanding the original breeding range or forming new breeding grounds.