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Macadamia nuts in the world's many dried fruits, macadamia nuts have the highest economic value, and has always enjoyed the "king of dried fruits" reputation.

Chinese name: macadamia nut Latin name: macadamia nut Alias: Queensland chestnut, Australian pecan, macadamia nut, Queensland fruit World: Plantae Phylum: Angiosperms Phylum: Dicotyledonous phylum Subphylum: Primitive perianths Subprogramme: Megaloptera Megaloptera: Megaloptera: Megaloptera Genus: Macadamia Genus Species: Macadamia Species Distribution: Eastern Australia, New Caledonia, Indonesia, Sulawesi Island Sulawesi Island Namesake and year: F. Muell., 1858

Botanical form

Morphological features

Macadamia evergreen tree or shrub, 19 m tall, leaves lanceolate, 3-4 leaves in whorls, leathery, short-petiolate, glossy, entire, with margins finely spiny-serrate, orbicular to oblanceolate, apical tip acute to obtuse, base tapered, 10-50 cm long, racemose, with short stalks, lustrous, entire, margin finely spine-like serrate, rounded to oblanceolate, apical tip acute to obtuse, base attenuate. Racemes axillary, bisexual, axillary or subterminal, yellowish or white flowers, inflorescences 16-25 cm long, 200-300 flowers, without petals.

Fruits are follicles, apically mucronate, seeds usually spherical, exocarp leathery, 2.5-3.0 cm in diameter, shell hard, seeds milky white. Fl. Nov. to Mar. next year (Zhanjiang, Guangdong); fr. Aug. to Oct.

Growth environment

The optimal growth temperature is 15 to 30 ℃, higher than 30 ℃ growth is seriously impeded, 40 ℃ to stop growing, adult trees can tolerate short-term -4 ~ -5.6 ℃ low temperatures in the annual rainfall of

Macadamia

rainfall for 1300 ~ 3000mm, wet and dry seasons of the tropics and the warm and frost-free subtropical areas of the cultivation of the best. The best cultivation is in tropical and subtropical areas with a distinct wet and dry season. The soil is deep, fertile, loose, well-drained, pH4.5-6.5, and the altitude is below 770m.

The appropriate temperature 10 ~ 30 ℃, short-term -4 ~ -6 ℃ low temperature. Suitable for frost-free winters, annual rainfall of 2000mm or more, and the distribution of uniform, wet and dry seasons obvious climatic conditions. Suitable for deep, well-drained, loose pH 4.5-6.5 soil. Root system is shallow, avoid windy.

Climate: Despite being a tropical tree, macadamia nuts tolerate mild cold (28-32F) and do not tolerate excessive heat; in Hawaii, cold ocean breezes allow for cultivation at sea level, but in the tropical interior, the trees must be grown at an altitude of 1500-3500 feet. They have no cooling requirements, but seasonal temperature shifts may help synchronize flowering. The trees begin producing fruit after 4-5 years and have a productive life of 75-100 years.

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Macadamia Nuts

This section was contributed by the China Plant Image Bank (Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences) and has been edited with the participation of

Macadamia Nut Album

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