(1) Regulating immune system function
The immune system is equivalent to the army in the human body, which resists tumors internally, removes aging and necrotic cells and tissues, and fights against microbial infections such as viruses and bacteria externally. The human body may have mutated tumor cells every day. People with normal immune system function can escape the bad luck of tumors, but people with problems with immune system function may develop tumors. The effect of Cordyceps sinensis on the immune system seems to be adjusting the volume to make it in the best state. It can not only increase the number of cells and tissues in the immune system, promote antibody production, increase the number of phagocytic and killer cells, enhance their functions, but also lower the functions of some immune cells.
(2) direct anti-tumor effect
Cordyceps sinensis extract has a clear inhibitory and killing effect on tumor cells in vitro. Cordyceps sinensis contains cordycepin, which is the main component of its anti-tumor effect.
(3) improving cell energy and resisting fatigue.
Cordyceps sinensis can improve the energy of mitochondria, the energy factory of human body, improve the cold tolerance of the body and reduce fatigue.
(4) regulating heart function
Cordyceps sinensis can improve the hypoxia tolerance of the heart, reduce the oxygen consumption of the heart and resist arrhythmia.
(5) regulating liver function
Cordyceps sinensis can reduce the damage of toxic substances to the liver and resist the occurrence of liver fibrosis. In addition, it plays a beneficial role in viral hepatitis by regulating immune function and enhancing antiviral ability.
(6) regulating the function of respiratory system
Cordyceps sinensis has the functions of dilating bronchi, relieving asthma, eliminating phlegm and preventing emphysema.
(7) Regulating renal function
Cordyceps sinensis can alleviate chronic kidney disease, improve renal function and reduce the damage of toxic substances to the kidney.
(8) regulating hematopoietic function
Cordyceps sinensis can enhance the ability of bone marrow to produce platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells.
(9) regulating blood lipid
Cordyceps sinensis can reduce cholesterol and triglyceride in blood, increase high-density lipoprotein beneficial to human body and alleviate atherosclerosis.
(10) Other effects
Cordyceps sinensis also has the functions of direct antivirus, regulating the function of central nervous system and regulating sexual function.
Second, the artificial cultivation technology of Cordyceps sinensis can obtain high-quality Cordyceps sinensis fruiting bodies through artificial cultivation, which can replace wild Cordyceps sinensis as a nourishing product, meet the demand of the vast market for Cordyceps sinensis, protect the resources of wild Cordyceps sinensis, and maintain the ecological balance of Cordyceps sinensis producing areas. Therefore, artificial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis has great social, economic and ecological benefits. It is of great significance to study suitable cultivation techniques and explore measures to prevent strain degradation, so as to make the quality of Cordyceps sinensis fruiting bodies excellent and stable and ensure the sustainable development of artificial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis.
1, purification and rejuvenation of Cordyceps strains
The introduction of Cordyceps strains from scientific research institutions and direct propagation as cultivation strains have low yield and poor production efficiency, and it is more difficult to carry out subculture and cultivation. Therefore, it is necessary to purify and rejuvenate strains and cultivate pure and robust mother strains in order to expand production, reduce losses and ensure production efficiency. First, the introduced mother seed is inoculated with slant culture medium, and an introduced test-tube slant seed can be inoculated with 8~ 12. Then, the strains with good hyphae spread and easy coloring after exposure to light are selected to expand the liquid original seed, and then the liquid original seed is used to expand the culture liquid production seed. Then, the sterilized fresh silkworm chrysalis is used as a culture medium for inoculation culture, and after grass is cultivated, strong and fat fruiting bodies with many ascocarps (powder) are selected as materials, and the purified and rejuvenated mother seeds are obtained by slant culture with tissue culture method. In the preservation of strains, we should pay attention to the preservation of mother seeds for no more than 20 days, original seeds for no more than 15 days, and production seeds for no more than 5 days. In the preparation of all levels of culture media, 20~30{bf} silkworm chrysalis should be used. It is best to use fresh fresh pupa as nitrogen source in slant culture medium.
2, liquid strain production technology
Generally, seed production is carried out by shaking table culture, and then diluted with water for production. This method is relatively safe and not easy to be infected, but the seed production is small and takes a long time. After diluted with water, there are few growing points in the culture medium, and the culture medium is easy to be infected, and it is easy to cause different ages of upper and lower bacteria in the culture medium, which affects the quality of grass. We adopt oxygen supplement oscillation culture. As long as we pay attention to every detail in the oxygen supplement method and achieve aseptic operation, there will be no infection of miscellaneous bacteria. Because of oxygen supply, the fungus balls cultured by oscillation are rapidly divided, their vitality is enhanced and their concentration is high. After being made, they will be directly produced and used without dilution. After cultivation, there are many growing points, rapid activation, rapid growth and low infection rate.
3. The key to making culture medium is to ensure the quality of raw materials.
At present, farmers mainly use rice (wheat) as culture medium, and the main raw materials are rice (wheat), silkworm chrysalis and trace elements. In determining the culture medium formula, each grower is different, and often chooses the low-priced one, or some raw materials are used in a small amount to reduce the cost. Although this practice seems to have little impact on the yield, it will gradually highlight the impact on hay quality and commodity rate. In fact, in the cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, the cost of culture medium is relatively low and fixed. Choosing the best raw materials can ensure the stable yield and quality of grass. Even if the yield of grass does not increase, the cost per kilogram of hay will only increase by 20 to 30 yuan. However, only by improving the quality of culture medium can we ensure the quality of hay products and reduce the degradation rate of strains, and then we can use fresh grass fruiting bodies for tissue culture and breeding mother seeds. What's more, under the condition that the quality of the culture medium raw materials is guaranteed, the sloppy production can be stabilized or improved, and the income from increasing the yield of one gram of hay per bottle will far exceed the increased cost. Therefore, we must strictly control the quality of culture medium raw materials. At the same time, we should pay attention to the carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content of the culture medium, especially the water content of the culture medium should be controlled to be a little lower within the allowable range, so that the prepared rice culture medium can not stick and harden rice grains, which is beneficial to mycelium feeding, and the growth period of Cordyceps sinensis fruiting bodies can be prolonged, thus improving the yield and quality of grass.