(1) intertillage weeding. After transplanting and planting Lycium barbarum seedlings, intertillage and weeding for 2 ~ 3 times can increase soil permeability, improve water and fertilizer conservation ability and promote root development. Generally, in the first 1 ~ 3 years, field management measures, such as loosening soil, weeding, watering and fertilization, were carried out in intercropping crops to promote the growth of young trees. No more intercropping after 2 ~ 3 years. Generally, turn over the garden soil 1 time and depth10 ~15cm from mid-March to early April; In the middle and late August, the garden soil was ploughed 1 time, with a depth of 20 cm, which could turn over weeds, preserve moisture and increase soil temperature, and was beneficial to accelerate the growth and health of root system.

(2) Rational fertilization and adjustment of root-shoot ratio. Fertilization of Lycium barbarum should be carried out in three key periods. Generally, human feces and urine can be applied once before germination in early spring to promote the growth of branches and leaves. Apply phosphate fertilizer or cake fertilizer once in June and July to make the branches and leaves flourish and promote fruit fullness. After harvesting, apply organic fertilizer to lay a good foundation for the next year's fruit. According to this principle, it should be applied in early May, early June and late June respectively, and fertilizers such as decomposed human and animal manure or urea and ammonium sulfate should be applied in three times, for example, urea 100 ~ 120g should be applied to each hole of each plant, and then it should be applied to the hole beside the plant, and then it should be covered with water. In addition, 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate were used as topdressing in May, June and July, once a month/kloc-0. Before freezing water is poured in the early and middle days of June every year,115 ~ 20kg of human and animal manure, 40 ~ 50kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer and 2 ~ 3kg of cake fertilizer are applied to each plant. Dig a pit or ditch around the rhizosphere, cover the soil after application, then irrigate and cultivate the soil in the rhizosphere to facilitate overwintering growth.

(3) Irrigation and drainage. Lycium barbarum has shallow roots and is afraid of drought and waterlogging. After drought, the branches and leaves grow weakly and bear few fruits; Too wet branches are white and long, and they are easy to get sick. Due to the different climatic conditions, the frequency of irrigation is also adapted to local conditions. During the period from the growth of new branches and leaves to flowering and fruiting, it should be watered 3 ~ 4 times, the first irrigation is from the end of April to the beginning of May, and then every half month 1 time; The high temperature period in summer is just when the fruit is ripe, and the water demand is large, so it should be watered 1 time after each fruit picking; In the autumn growing season, water 1 time is poured at the beginning of August, September and October, and water1~ time is poured before freezing in winter. In areas with more rainfall in spring and summer, accumulated water should be eliminated in time.

(4) Germination, pruning and shaping to control the target distribution of vegetative and propagule. Lycium barbarum has strong tillering ability, and new branches often sprout from the trunk and roots. Except for some sprouted branches that need to be reserved for ramet propagation, the rest buds should be erased in time to reduce the consumption of nutrients and facilitate ventilation and light transmission.

In order to cultivate a high-yield tree type with stable skeleton, round crown, ventilation and light transmission, and three-dimensional fruit, it is best to adopt "tree type with layered trunk"; The height of the tree is about 2 meters, and the main branches are released from the trunk, which are distributed in three layers on the central trunk with a certain spacing between layers. The main branches form a certain angle with the central trunk, open to the outside, ventilated and light-permeable. The procedures of plastic pruning can be divided into the following categories: ① Young tree pruning. Prune young trees to form a good crown structure, which is convenient for management and early fruiting. Generally, it is carried out in the same year or the following spring after transplanting. Usually, the top is cut and dried at a height of 50 ~ 60 cm from the ground trunk. In spring, 5 ~ 6 evenly distributed lateral branches are selected from the new lateral branches at the cutting mouth of 10 ~ 15 cm, and cultivated into the main branches of the first crown, and 20 cm is reserved for short cutting in summer and autumn of that year; In the next spring, a large number of new lateral branches can sprout from the main branches left over from the previous year. For those with vigorous growth, 20 ~ 30 cm long should be cut off in summer, and the weak branches should be properly drained. In the second year after topping, 1 strong branch is selected as the extended trunk from the upright branches on the upper part of the trunk, and topping is carried out at a distance of 50-60 cm from the first crown, and new lateral branches from the cutting mouth for 5-6 years are selected as the main branches for cultivating the second crown. In the third year after topping, select 1 strong branch from the top of the second crown as the extension trunk, top it at a distance of 40 cm from the second crown, and then select 3-5 new lateral branches as the main branches for cultivating the third crown.

In a word, within 4 ~ 5 years after planting, it is mainly to expand and enrich the growth of crown and central trunk of young trees at all levels. Branches that grow too densely can be appropriately sparse; Cut off the overgrown branches.

② Pruning of adult trees. A mature tree refers to a Lycium barbarum tree that has produced a large number of fruits after 5-6 years of designated planting. Pruning of adult trees should be carried out in spring, summer and autumn. In spring, from germination to the early growth of new shoots, dead branches and dead shoots are mainly cut off; Cut off useless long branches, dense branches and pest branches on the trunk or main and side branches in May and June in summer to reduce excessive consumption of nutrients and promote fruit development; Autumn, August ~165438+1October, mainly removes the long branches sprouting at the base of the main branch; Cut off the upright branches at the top of the crown to control the height of the tree; It is also necessary to cut off the old and weak branches in the crown to enhance the ventilation and light transmission in the crown, cut off the useless horizontal branches, acupoints, vines and pests, and keep the strong "seven-inch branches" and "old-eye branches" to facilitate the growth of flowers and fruits and create good conditions for the next year's fruits.

③ Renewal and pruning of ancient trees. For plants with incomplete crown and good trunk growth, crown regeneration can be carried out by pruning and using long branches. For the Lycium barbarum orchard where most plants grow well but some plants grow poorly or die of aging, the dead plants can be dug up, replanted and updated; All the old Lycium barbarum gardens should be dug up and replanted.