I: Food
Cantonese English Mandarin or explanation examples
Pie pie pie apple pie
Pizza pizza Italian pancakes
Plum plum American plum
Cheerios cherry cherry
Cheese cheese cheese
Chocolate chocolate
brandy brandy
pudding pudding, dessert fruit pudding
cream cream
sardine sardine
salad salad, raw vegetables
tart tart, a type of pastry Tart
Milkshake milkshake
Pancake pan cake Pancake
Toast toast, toasted bread Sidor
Tuna tuna tuna
Salmon salmon salmon
Sandwich sandwitch sandwiches
Cognac Beef
Omelette omelette
Fruit jam jam
Chowder chowder a kind of western soup
Bingo punch punch mixed fruit juice mixed fruit bingo bingo
Tow fat sugar toffee
Two: Sports
Modern sports, including soccer, basketball, table tennis, etc., are also presumably introduced to China by early foreign students and overseas Chinese in Guangdong. China's first table tennis world champion was a Cantonese, Yung Kwok Tuan of Zhuhai (won in 1959). So many English words in sports are commonly used in Cantonese, and I bet many Cantonese people don't even know that they are of English origin. I'm not just researching this for the purpose of exploring its origins.
** 波 = ball ＝球 **
Anyone who has studied a bit of Cantonese knows that the Cantonese call a ball a ball, which is derived from the English word ball, so there are: 打波, 踢波, 波板, 波鞋, 波衫, and so on. However, since I don't know when, Hong Kong people have been referring to women's breasts as balls. The Cantonese speakers then started to use the word "wave" with caution.
** Ping Pong **
When I was a kid, if I played Ping Pong, if I played a 7-point game, such as the score when playing to 6-6, then either side must win two points in a row to win. This rule, even my semi-illiterate grandmother knew as "playing Diao Shi".
The table tennis ball spinning ball, Cantonese people called: West, such as hair this ball spinning very strong, said: you open it a wave of good West. If the ball is spinning and scores a point, then the opponent is "eating west". "
Instead, it is shaped like a ping-pong paddle. Instead, lollipops shaped like ping-pong paddles are called "bobang candies" in Cantonese and are still in use today. (Think of the Stephen Chow movie "Kung Fu".)
** Football **
Hong Kong TV news often say: toe end lassi, as mentioned above, is from the side.
There is also a commonly used: Vullei shot, the English is volley, the meaning of the air pumping shot.
People on the pitch, called "mark people" in Cantonese, for example: mark them a striker. The word "mark" comes from the English word mark (which has puzzled me for more than a decade)
Foul play, or "no" in Cantonese, is foul in English. For example, a soccer referee who has been denied a foul is out of the game. (Hong Kong called soccer referee for the ball witness)
** Basketball **
Shooting, when I was a kid, we said "shooting", and after I could write, I found that the Chinese word "shooting" did not mean shooting, and I wondered. It turned out to be the English word shoot. Cantonese pronounces long vowels as short vowels.
** Other **
Step on a roller: roller
Boxing: boxing
Snooker: snooker
Q-stick: cue
Melbourne derby: derby
This is just the collection of the grass. The above is just a hasty collection, hopefully it will throw a wrench in the works.
Three: Life
On the study of English in Cantonese, I've written two previous blog posts, "Food" and "Sports". It is difficult to categorize other aspects of English exonyms, so let's call them "Life".
The main reason why there are English loanwords in Cantonese, as there are in Mandarin, is that there were no corresponding Chinese words, such as "sandwich". The other main reason was that although there was a Chinese equivalent, it was very trendy to use English words to express it, such as "車厘子" (cherry). However, some of these foreign words have been discarded because they are no longer trendy. And there are some that have remained in use.
The English exonyms that are abandoned or seldom used:
Stamp, market, percent, sergent, custard, power, quarter, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes, 15 minutes. quarter, quarter hour, 15 minutes), modern (modern, modern, hip), and so on.
English loanwords still in use:
Many English words have an S or SI sound, so there are a lot of "Shi" words in Cantonese:
Bus, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, bus, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi, taxi....
And there are also: store, spanner, spare tyre, snooker, and so on.
Some other examples:
Plum (plum), pudding, order, motor, bikini, license, carefree, film, and so on. film) and so on.
Words mixed with English and Cantonese:
Shaku (pronounced first, check), e.g., "I'll give you a shaku"; "I'll give you a shaku"; "I'll give you a shaku"; "I'll give you a shaku"; "I'll give you a shaku"; "I'll give you a shaku".
Charge, socket, sauna, buffet, fare, card, gay, etc.
There are many other ways to get into the city, including the following:
Check, check, check or check.
Tie (tie, necktie), bow tie (bow tie): Hong Kong's Chief Executive Donald Tsang Yam-kuen is known as "Bow Tie Tsang" because he always wears a bow tie. And so on.
Direct use of English vocabulary:
For English loanwords, if the pronunciation is close to Cantonese but far from English, I classify them as loanwords, such as cab; for those whose pronunciation is close to English and whose Chinese characters do not correspond to English in Cantonese, I consider them to be the direct use of English words, without the process of Cantoneseization, and they are merely the "English of Cantonese accent". I believe that the English words are used directly, without the process of Cantoneseization, and are simply "Cantonese English" with a Cantonese accent. These words are: cancel, cute, shopping, enjoy, easy, happy, yeah, in, cool, high and so on. Examples:
The plan was canceled by the old girl; the girl was cute (pronounced Q or Q-tee); I went shopping with my wife ......
This article is not intended to be a complete collection of English exonyms in Cantonese, but only a representative one.
Four: The Ultimate Part
Today, I'm going to finish writing on the topic of "English exonyms in Cantonese", and I'm going to dedicate the last blog post on this topic, so I'll call it "The Ultimate Part".
This installment is a collection of words that people think are already in the Chinese language, but are actually borrowed from English, so it's also known as the "Surprise Episode".
Smart: As surprising as it may seem, the word "smart" comes from the English language, as does "modern". The word "modern" is no longer modern, and the word "smart" is no longer smart. If you still use this word to mean fashionable, you yourself are not fashionable, you are out. Now you should use: good in, good hip, good hot, good cool or funky. some years later, I don't know what new vocabulary will appear again.
Court: Men who are new to Cantonese must learn the word "court", which is synonymous with the Mandarin word for "picking up girls". Jet Li movie "Fong Sai Yuk 2" inside, Zheng Shaoqiu played Chen Jia Nuo said: ditch female, ditch is the meaning of communication. In fact, that was a funny scene in the movie. You may think that this word has existed since the Qing Dynasty, but in fact it only appeared in Hong Kong in the 1970s and 1980s. The word "ditch" comes from the English word court, which means "to pursue". Since the 21st century, this word has become outdated, and Hong Kong people now use the word "界女", which is a traditional form of "界", followed by "立刀", which means to cut open with a knife in Cantonese, e.g. "界开张纸". The origin of the word "界女" has yet to be researched.
Boycott: This word came to Cantonese very early, and is widely used in Mandarin today.
There are several chemicals that also come from English: potassium cyanide and thinner. They do not mean "dust from the mountains" or "water from heaven". There is also a perfume for men: cologne, which has nothing to do with the martial arts novelist Gu Long.
These are some of the things that have existed in Guangdong for many years: laine (冷衫), decron (decron), casette (casette), and hose (水喉). "Cold shirt" is not called that because it's cold, but it comes from the French word laine (wool), sorry, not English, the English word is yarn, and it's not because it's cool to wear. "Cassette" is not because a cassette tape looks like a card. The word "water hose" is not "water gullet". Even if you're a Cantonese speaker with a good command of English, you probably wouldn't have thought of any of these.
Ransum: To kidnap your ticket is not to treat you as "ginseng", but to ask for your ransom.
No fight: As the old Cantonese saying goes, it's not "no fight", but "no competition with others".
Singing loose paper (change): another old Cantonese saying, singing turns out to be change. how can you sing loose money?
Sandpaper (certificate): When I was a kid, the old man always said: "If you want to go to college, you need to kill a sandpaper". I think it's a good idea to have a certificate of graduation from a university, because it's a piece of sandpaper that you can grind away. I'm not sure how much I'm going to be able to do with this.
Fashion: When I was a kid, if you were naughty, the old man would say, "What are you doing here? The original is not to say that you are a "fancy minister", but to engage in what new stuff (fashion). In addition, there is a word: peanut slut (fashion show, fashion show), do not think that while eating peanuts, while looking at beautiful women.
Kiwi (kiwi, kiwi): New Zealand's national fruit kiwi, the shape is not "kiwi".
Live music: Audience members, you don't have to sit so far away, live music doesn't require a wide space.
Rally: Yes, the "pull" of this off-road sports car is worth dozens of horses.
Lao Kasa (rob, robbery): the robber does not have to "Kasa" your head (cover your head), first to can start. This word has been well less used.
Pop: Is it true that eating Smurf pills makes a "pop" sound?
Bumjee jump: jumping down with your feet tied up is indeed a bumjee jump!
Radio phone-in program: The audience's phone-in line was a real "phone-in".
Carnival: A group of youngsters have a great time, it's really a "happy year".
Sink: Mom, why is there no star in the sink?
Abba, I'm failing this exam: Don't be weight-discriminatory, there are smart people who are fat.
Sister, you're a troulbe: of course, troublemakers are more likely to have more saliva than tea.
Old fine, I want to fork (charge, denounce) you sexually harass me: to "fork", not a knife and fork, just a piece of paper or a phone call.
The last sentence: the Cuban team padded up a wave, Lang Ping can eat barbecued pork (chance, probe ball) again. In volleyball, an easy-to-score lob is called a chance, or in Mandarin, a probe. In Cantonese, it is called "barbecued pork" in a half-sounding, half-funny way.