2. Dong festivals vary from place to place. Most areas used to celebrate the Spring Festival, and some areas chose October or November to celebrate the Year of Dong. April 8 or June 6 is a festival for offering sacrifices to cows. During the festival, cows are allowed to rest and provided with fresh grass, glutinous rice and other foods. Eating New Year's Festival is mostly in July, with different dates. At that time, new rice and fish are sacrificed to the ancestors, wishing a bumper harvest. When the old man dies, the man must shave his hair, and both men and women must draw water to bathe the body, and then dress up, including silver, and avoid copper and iron possession. During the mourning period, the dutiful son is vegetarian, but he can eat fish and shrimp. Bury. Believe in polytheism and worship natural things.
3. Russian Easter and Christmas are grand national festivals of Russian people, both of which come from religion.
4. There are not many festivals of Oroqen people, mainly including clan * * * held once or three years, shaman's annual spring ritual and Spring Festival.
5. There are many sacrificial activities of Gaoshan ethnic groups, such as ancestor worship, valley worship, mountain worship, hunting worship, wedding worship and harvest worship, among which the five-year sacrifice is the most grand. At that time, in addition to banquet offerings, there will be various cultural and sports activities, such as "Harvest Festival". On this day, the clansmen bring a jar of wine to the scene and dance, eat and drink around the bonfire to celebrate the labor harvest of the year, which is held once a year.
6. Hani Hani festivals include October, June, Eating New Rice Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.
7. Kazak Kazak's main festivals, like the * * * Er nationality, are Eid al-Adha and Jizi Festival.
8. Han festivals include Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival.
9. The traditional festivals of * * * * * are basically consistent with those of the Han nationality, including Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, Gadel Night and so on.
10. Manchu traditional festivals mainly include Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, February 2nd, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Traditional sports activities such as "Pearl Ball", vault, camel jumping and skating are generally held during festivals.
1 1. Mongolian Mongolian festivals are mainly Spring Festival, offering sacrifices to Russia, Luban Festival, Nadam Festival, Lantern Festival on October 25th, and Genghis Khan Memorial Day.
12. Miao traditional festivals include Miao Year, April 8th, Dragon Boat Festival, Eating New Year Festival, Catch Autumn Festival, etc. Among them, the Year of Miao is the most grand. The Year of Miao is equivalent to the Spring Festival of Han nationality, which is usually held after autumn.
13. Tujia people have many festivals. All traditional festivals belonging to the Chinese nation should have fun together, and their main festivals are as follows: catching the New Year, April 8, June 6 and July 30.
14. *** The traditional festivals of the Er nationality include Eid al-Fitr, Kurban (Eid al-Adha) and Nowruz. The first two originated from the religion of * * *, and the dates are calculated according to Hijrayan calendar, which moves every year, so sometimes it is in winter, and sometimes it is in summer or other seasons. * * * On festivals and festive days, the Er people hold various recreational and sports activities, such as "Maixilaifu".
15. The major festivals of the Uzbeks are closely related to the religion of * * *, including "Holy Day", "Minji Festival" and "Eid al-Adha Festival", and the latter two festivals are especially grand.
16. There are many traditional festivals of Yao nationality, including more than 30 large and small festivals, among which Panwang Festival, Renwang Festival and Bird-catching Festival have the most national characteristics.
17. There are many Tibetan festivals, almost every month, and folk festivals and religious festivals are interspersed with each other. Since the founding of New China, new contents have been added to Tibetan festivals, such as May 1st, June 1st, July 1st and November 11th. Among the traditional festivals, Tibetan New Year, Bathing Festival, Snowdon Festival and Fruit Festival are the largest and most distinctive.
18. There are many Zhuang festivals, some of which are closely related to religious activities. For example, some Zhuang people who live in Yunnan Province offer sacrifices to the "Old People's Hall" in the first month of the family calendar, sacrifice pigs to Longshan on the second day of February, sacrifice Raytheon on the third day of March, and dragon festival in May ... > >
What are the festivals of Buyi nationality? There are Spring Festival, March 3rd, April 8th and June 6th. In addition, there are "Chabai" Song Festival in Xingyi, "Chinese fir tree" Song Festival in Anlong, Gangan Cave Festival in Qinglong and Rocket Festival in Xingren, all of which have national characteristics. Miao people have festivals such as Jingqiao Festival and Maojie Festival. Other ethnic minorities also have their own national festivals.
the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year
The Spring Festival is also a grand festival for Buyi people, which usually lasts from New Year's Eve to the third day of the first month. Buyi children always go to the well early in the morning of the first day of the New Year to pick "smart water". Some children are afraid of falling behind others, so they stay up more vigil and listen.
What festivals do Buyi people have? Buyi people have many traditional festivals, except the New Year's Day, Duanyang Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, which are basically the same as those of Han people. The festivals such as "March 3rd", "April 8th" and "June 6th" all have their own characteristics.
Buyi people's New Year's Day
New Year's Day, according to local records, said that Buyi people "take November as the beginning of the year". At that time, it should be this month, but now it has been unified into the Spring Festival, and Buyi compatriots who have worked hard for a year have begun to prepare for the New Year's Festival as soon as the autumn harvest is over. At the end of each year, every household is busy making wine, making glutinous rice cakes, curing bacon, making blood tofu, or making new clothes. On the evening of the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, Buyi compatriots "sent the Kitchen God" with fruits such as maltose made of glutinous rice at home, and asked him to put in a good word for people and bless the world when he told the Jade Emperor. After the kitchen stove is delivered, people should prepare incense, candles and other offerings for offering sacrifices to the gods, and ask Mr. Wang to write couplets, not only on the front door, but also on the side door and window, so as to show people's yearning and prayer for a happy life. In addition, many people have to put up door gods on the front door and paste all kinds of festive New Year pictures on their walls. On New Year's Eve, ancestors were offered rich food and wine, firecrackers were set off, and family vigils were held until chickens crowed. On the first day of the first month of the first month, the girls all competed to pick the first water to carry home, which was called "smart water"; The boy rushed to the land temple and brought a small stone with a rope and put it in the barn, which means "six animals flourish"
During the New Year's Day, young people are invited to go out to "hammer the tip"; Middle-aged and elderly people congratulate each other on the New Year and have fun drinking together. The ninth day is called "Shangjiu"; According to local customs, it is not until this day that "raw food can be cooked", that is, incense sticks are lit first, raw meat is given to ancestors, then raw chickens are cooked and put in front of the incense table for one time before they can be enjoyed. In some Buyi areas, after the fifteenth day of the first month, there will be a "small year" on the thirtieth day of the first month. During this period, some also held various recreational activities, such as horse racing, stone throwing, bronze drums, suona, singing and dancing, basketball and so on, with tens of thousands of participants. The activity of "playing with dragons" around Biandan Mountain in Zhenning is intended to pray for the dragon god to bless the bumper harvest of agriculture in the coming year.
March 3 of Buyi nationality
It is a traditional national festival. The content of festivals varies from region to region. Buyi people in Madang, Guiyang, Guizhou Province call the third day of the third lunar month the "Ground Silkworm Festival". According to the Buyi elderly, after the spring, ground silkworms harmed crops and ate crops such as corn seedlings. So, on the third day of March, they took the fried corn flowers to the slope to worship the silkworms. They sing folk songs on the hillside and eat corn flowers. It is said that this can "fascinate" the ghosts and stop them from biting seeds and seedlings. In some areas, this day is regarded as a day of offering sacrifices to social gods and mountain gods. As the (Qing) Annals of Nanlong Prefecture said: "It is customary to slaughter cattle to sacrifice to the mountain on the third day of March every year, and each of them will gather meat, and the men and women will sift wine and eat glutinous rice." "On the third or fourth day, the villages will not be able to communicate with each other, and those who make mistakes will be punished." Therefore, the locals also call it "Fairy Song Festival" or "Ground Silkworm Club". A village or several neighboring villages temporarily raise funds to buy pigs and cattle for sacrifice, and outsiders are prohibited from entering the village on the day of sacrifice. On this day, Buyi people in Wangmo want to eat three-color glutinous rice, Guanling area wants to make Qingming Festival, Buyi people in western Guizhou Province want to sweep graves, and some areas sing songs and have social activities on this day.
April 8 of Buyi nationality
Legend has it that this day is Niu Yu's birthday, so it is also called "Cow King's Day" and "Shepherd's Day". Qianxi area is also called "Seedling Opening Festival". In Libo, Guizhou, every time this is done, the program will make black glutinous rice to worship the "cow king"; Wangxi county wants to eat four-color glutinous rice; In some areas, it is necessary not only to cook glutinous rice, but also to kill chickens and prepare wine for ancestor worship, and to feed cows with fresh straw-wrapped glutinous rice, bathe them and let them rest for a day, indicating people's love and reward for farming cattle; Bullfighting, horse racing and other recreational activities will also be held in some areas, and the Mi Hua Festival and Flower Picking Festival, also known as "Daughter's Day", is a traditional festival for Tibetan people in Wentan, Gansu Province. According to legend, Miss Lian Zhi is smart, hardworking and intelligent. She taught people to reclaim land for growing grain, spinning and weaving, and collected herbs to cure diseases for the people. Unfortunately, in May, Duanyang died in distress on the way to picking flowers. In memory of her, people designated the fourth day of May as the "Flower-picking Festival". At that time, Tibetan girls, accompanied by their brothers, will go into the mountains to pick flowers. In the spring breeze in May, bloom is full of flowers, such as rhododendron, Paeonia lactiflora, Broussonetia papyrifera, Prunus mume, Fritillaria, distiller's yeast, etc., which make people feel relaxed and scared. The girls are wearing fragrant and colorful flower rings and holding flower bundles. Singing and dancing around the bonfire, staying up all night. At dawn, the girls dressed up and danced as they walked, saying goodbye to Miss Lian Zhi. When the flower-picking team entered the village, the old folks in Ai were warmly welcomed and entertained. The girls give ... > >
What are the traditional festivals of Buyi people? They are Spring Festival, March 3rd, April 8th and June 6th. In addition, there are "Chabai" Song Festival in Xingyi, "Chinese fir tree" Song Festival in Anlong, Gangan Cave Festival in Qinglong and Rocket Festival in Xingren, all of which have national characteristics. Miao people have festivals such as Jingqiao Festival and Maojie Festival. Other ethnic minorities also have their own national festivals.
the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year
The Spring Festival is also a grand festival for Buyi people, which usually lasts from New Year's Eve to the third day of the first month. Buyi children always go to the well early in the morning of the first day of the New Year to pick "smart water". Some children are afraid of falling behind others, so they stay up more vigil and listen.
Seeking the traditional festivals and customs of Buyi people? Buyei (BY)
In the life of Buyi people, there are festivals in almost every month of the year. In addition to the Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival in May, July and a half, Mid-Autumn on August 15th and Double Ninth Festival in September, there are also festivals with unique ethnic characteristics, such as February 2nd, March 3rd, April 8th and June 6th.
Buyi people's Spring Festival customs and taboos What Buyi people are, as one of the 56 ethnic groups? They are rich in ethnic festivals and cultural traditions, and most of them live in Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan and other provinces, cities and autonomous regions. As a member of Buyi people in Guizhou, I have a deep understanding of many cultures and living habits of Buyi people. Buyi people living in Guizhou have many traditional festivals, such as "March 3rd", "April 8th" and "June 6th", among which the Spring Festival is the most important festival for Buyi people.
Buyi people's Spring Festival custom.
What we are talking about here is how traditional rural Buyi families celebrate the New Year. The average family will start preparing for the New Year early, probably from the twelfth lunar month (the twelfth lunar month). First of all, from the preparation of some food to the taboo of some behavior activities, they are all in the ranks of preparation, and these taboos are very particular. As an ordinary Buyi woman, it is necessary to learn to brew rice wine. In dialect, rice wine is called "biang 35dang jiu". The raw materials for brewing wine are the crops produced by Buyi people themselves. Generally, rice wine, such as rice, corn and sorghum (mainly rice), looks no different from ordinary liquor, but it tastes good and the mellow taste makes you covet. In addition, in the brewing process, if neighbors visit, they must share the newly brewed rice wine with their neighbors. In order to get lucky, drinkers generally say, "The wine baked in your house today can't be filled in the wine jar" and so on. At the same time, how much wine is made can also indicate whether the family's family luck and wealth will be smooth in the coming year. If more wine is brewed than expected, the family will be smooth and prosperous in the coming year, and the young and old will be safe. Brewing takes a long time and cycle, and it is usually prepared at the earliest. Then, tofu is made (before mechanical equipment, Buyi people used to grind it with traditional stone mills, and push it manually in the middle), so they are used to pushing tofu or grinding bean curd. Fresh sour soup tofu is a beautiful dish on New Year's Eve. However, most of the tofu made is salted tofu pickled with salt. When smoked with bacon, it becomes "dried tofu", which can be preserved for half a year. Dried tofu is also very simple to eat, as long as it is cooked with water and sliced to prevent it from being fragrant and delicious. In the middle of the twelfth lunar month, all kinds of snacks were made. Generally, there are bait cake (rice cake), corn cake (raw material is waxy corn), Ciba (made of glutinous rice) and rice flour. Except for the bait cake and rice flour, which are sent to a nearby processing room to be made, Ciba and Shibuya cake are made at home by traditional hand. Hard-working Buyi people will always carefully prepare for the arrival of the Spring Festival for a long time, not for anything else, but as a reward for their hard work for a year. We have already mentioned wine making. How can we have wine without meat? As Buyi people who live on the land, of course, they won't buy meat like city people. They have their own pigs, which are slaughtered as a way to celebrate the New Year before it comes. Killing a pig next year is something that almost all Buyi families will do. It usually starts in the twenties of the twelfth lunar month.
Buyi taboo.
You can only kill Nian pig on odd days (except for the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, because the Kitchen God Bodhisattva is going back to heaven for the New Year, killing animals is considered a crime and taboo). If you kill pigs, please ask your neighbors for help, and you will also invite your relatives and friends to enjoy the delicious pig killing wine and share the joy of this year's harvest. Except for a part of pork to be eaten during the Chinese New Year, most of the rest will be marinated with seasoning to make bacon, and smoked on firewood for more than ten days, which will prolong the storage time. Bacon is not only a gift for friends, but also an excellent dish for Buyi people to entertain guests when relatives and friends visit. In addition to preparing all kinds of new year's goods, Buyi people will have many taboos in the twelfth lunar month and the first lunar month. If they don't abide by them, it will affect or even hurt people, things and things at home. From the twelfth lunar month, it is necessary to keep harmony and quiet at home, especially not to make a lot of noise, which will be considered as the way to the ancestors' home for the New Year. Children can't cry during this period, which will also be considered unlucky. Buyi people call it "avoiding the head in the first month and the tail in the twelfth month". And use this to place the peace and smoothness of the coming year. During the first month of the first month, usually from the first day of the New Year to the fifteenth day, the processing room can't start the machinery and equipment, and the strong vibration is considered as disrespect for the dead. On the first day of New Year's Day, domestic water should be stored and can't be poured out, and garbage in the living room and bedroom can't be swept away. If you don't do this, it means pouring out all the wealth of this year or ... > >
What do the Shao Buyi people eat on festivals in Guizhou? 1. The main food for festivals is glutinous rice with flowers.
Buyi people hold grand festivals on February 2nd, March 3rd, April 8th, Dragon Boat Festival, June 6th, July 30th and Mid-Autumn Festival every year. Many Buyi people dye glutinous rice with various plant branches and leaves, such as Liquidambar formosana leaves, yellow rice flowers and dyed flowers, and make glutinous rice to entertain guests and distribute it to relatives and friends.
Second, a brief introduction to diet:
Buyi people take rice and corn as the staple food, supplemented by wheat, sorghum, potato and beans. There are wooden pots, tripod pots for cooking rice, braised rice in oil, two-in-one rice (rice mixed with broken corn, also called corn-covered rice), corn-covered rice cake, rice flour, two-piece rice cake, pea powder, rice tofu and other varieties. Among them, glutinous rice dumplings, flower rice and sesame oil dumplings are the most famous, which are mostly used for ancestor worship or banquet.
Third, the Buyi people's special diet
Meat mainly comes from livestock and poultry, and also loves to prey on squirrels, bamboo rats and bamboo worms. Cooking methods are mostly burning, boiling, frying, frying, salting and freezing, and generally do not eat raw food.
Wine plays an important role in the daily life of Buyi people. After the autumn harvest every year, every family brews a lot of rice wine and stores it for drinking all the year round. Buyi people like to treat guests with wine. No matter how much they drink, as long as they arrive, they always take wine as the first priority, which is called welcome wine. When drinking, use a bowl instead of a cup, and guess fists and sing.
Buyi people have many traditional snacks, and they are good at making rice noodles, two pieces of rice cakes, pea powder, rice tofu and so on. Buyi people are generous and hospitable, which is characterized by grand festivals on February 2nd, March 3rd, April 8th, Dragon Boat Festival, June 6th, July 30th, Mid-Autumn Festival, etc. Every year, many Buyi people use various plant branches and leaves such as Liquidambar formosana leaves, yellow rice flowers, dyed flowers and so on to dye glutinous rice into colorful, and make glutinous rice to entertain guests and distribute to relatives and friends.
What are the customs of Buyi people? Buyi people's living customs I. Buyi people's living environment
Buyi villages are mostly built near mountains and rivers, surrounded by mountains and waters, surrounded by trees, and with Datian Dam, which is rich in water and fertile land.
Besides choosing natural beauty, Buyi people have a good tradition of planting flowers, fruits and bamboo outside the village, in front of the house and behind the house, especially ginkgo trees. Almost every village has several ginkgo trees for thousands of years, which are known as "village trees" and "sacred trees".
Buyi people have lived together with their surnames since ancient times, that is, dozens and hundreds of households in a village are almost all of the same clan and surname. It is rare for people of different nationalities and surnames to live together. Such as wang xing in Bowang, Dayan, Dazhai and Dalin in Shitou Township; Huang surname of Yangliuzhuang in Shuangliu Township; Luo surname of Shuitouzhai, Wanggu and Shitoupo in Hefeng Township; Wang Che's surname is Chen; Cheng surname of Dianzhai; Yao surnamed Majiaping, Xiaba, Xiangshu and Chuandong in Longguang Township; Chen's surname in the river bend area; The Mongolian surname of Gao Jian in Shaoshang Township; Zhang surname of Dazhai in Bazi Township; Luo surname of Xinzhai and Miaozhai; Mo surname of Cunninghamia lanceolata Chong and Dingka; Wei surname in Shuikou Township; Lin Po's surname is Lu; The class name of the class home in Weng Zhao Township, and so on.
Second, the Buyi housing construction
Buyi houses generally face south, with good light and long sunshine. The foundation stones and step dams are paved with fine-drilled blue stones, which are detailed and flat, engraved with flowers, trees and birds, or the words "Fu, Lu, Shou and Xi".
The Buyi ancient architecture is a "dry-column" wooden house, which is divided into upper and lower floors. People live on it and animals live under it. The corridor upstairs is decorated with "chemu", vertical or format, and also carved with flower and bird patterns.
Modern Buyi houses include wooden houses, brick and wood structures, reinforced concrete buildings, bungalows and buildings. Houses and stables are built separately, which are generally composed of main rooms and wing rooms. The main room is located in the center, usually three or five rooms, and the largest one is seven or nine rooms. Choose single rooms and avoid double rooms, and pay attention to symmetry. The two sides of the main room are equipped with wings or stables in the form of "three-courtyard". For families with rich families, brick walls or stone walls are built on the front, and "facing doors" are added to form "quadrangles".
The middle of the main room is called a "hall", and a third of it is set up with a "shrine" across a wall, where ancestral tablets are affixed and ancestors are worshipped on holidays. No one can live in the "main room", no dirty things are allowed, no spitting or changing clothes are allowed in the main room, and the door is not opened at ordinary times. Each room outside the "main room" is divided into two rooms, which are called "inner room" and "outer room". The "inner room" is for family members to live in, and the "outer room" receives guests or has a fire hall, so it is also called "guest room". There is a guest shop on the upper floor of the wing all year round for guests to stay.
Life customs and etiquette of Buyi people
First, diet
The Buyi area in Kaiyang County is rich in rice, so rice is the staple food, and rice and corn are half in some places. There are non-staple crops such as millet, sorghum, sweet potato, potato and Qiao Mai.
Buyi people regard glutinous rice and glutinous food as treasures. During the Chinese New Year holidays, they have to make hundreds of kilograms of glutinous rice cakes, even two or three hundred kilograms, and make hundreds of kilograms of "old wine". They also make glutinous rice noodles, cakes, cakes, rice flowers, fried rice, etc., which are reserved all year round, and glutinous rice products are also precious as gifts. I like to drink self-made rice wine or corn wine, which is low in alcohol content but not weak, mellow in taste and long in nature. Except for a few periods in history, every family makes wine all the year round, filling the altar and drinking the bowl.
Eating styles and habits are similar to those of the Han nationality, and they only make good use of "hot pot" and like to eat dog meat; When guests come to our house, even if there is meat and vegetables, they should kill a chicken to show their respect. All kinds of dried vegetables, sauerkraut, pickles, etc. have unique colors, smells and tastes.
What festival is June 6th of Buyi nationality? "June 6th" is a traditional festival for Buyi people. Due to different living areas, the date of the festival is not uniform. In some areas, the festival falls on the sixth day of June, which is called June 6th. In some areas, Chinese New Year is celebrated on June 16th or June 26th of the lunar calendar, which is called June Street or June Bridge. Buyi people attach great importance to this festival and have been called "off-year". When the festival comes, every village will kill chickens and pigs, make triangular flags with white paper, dip them in chicken blood or pig blood, and put them in the crops. It is said that if you do this, the "Tianma" (locusts) will not come to eat crops. On the morning of the festival, several venerable old people in this village led the young and middle-aged people to hold traditional activities of offering sacrifices to the ancients and sweeping the village to drive away ghosts. Except those who attend the sacrifice, the rest of the men, women and children, according to the Buyi custom, have to wear national costumes and take glutinous rice, chicken, duck, fish and water wine to the hillside outside the village to "hide from the mountains" (the local Han people call it the June market). After the sacrifice, the priest led everyone to sweep the villages to drive away "ghosts", while the "hiding mountains" people talked about the past and sang the present outside the villages, and there were various entertainment activities.
When the sun sets. People who "hide from the mountains" sit on the floor one by one, uncover rice baskets, take out delicious wine and food, and invite each other to visit. Wait until the mountain god rings "Divide the meat! Divide the meat! " Shout, people just choose able-bodied people, divided into four groups, to the mountain god to carry back four legs, the rest of the people, together back home, then each family sent people to the stockade to collect the beef offering to the mountain god. Festive entertainment activities, to throw flowers bag is the most interesting. The flower bag is made of various colored cloth and looks like a pillow. It contains rice bran, adzuki beans or cotton seeds. The edge of the flower bag is decorated with lace and "playing with whiskers" When throwing flower bags, young men and women stand on one side, several meters apart, and throw at each other. Its methods include right throw, left throw and overhead throw, but it is not allowed to throw horizontally. It is required to throw far, throw fast and catch firmly. Flowers are flying around in the air, which is really beautiful. If a young man throws a flower bag at his beloved, the bag will fall to the ground without crossing his shoulder, and the girl will send a gift to the other party, such as a collar, ring, bracelet, etc., which is regarded as a token of love, and the young man will keep it for a long time.
June 6th has a long history. Legends about its origin vary from place to place. One of them is that in the ancient era of flood and famine, Pangu, the ancestor of Buyi nationality, accumulated experience in cultivating rice in his labor, and harvested a bumper harvest every year. Later, he married the daughter of the Dragon King and gave birth to a son named Xinhong. Once the son offended his mother, the dragon girl was angry and returned to the Dragon Palace and never came back. "Pangu" had no choice but to remarry. Pangu died on June 6 of a year, and Xinheng was abused by his stepmother and almost killed. He couldn't bear it, so he sued his stepmother and vowed to destroy the rice seedlings she cultivated. When her stepmother learned about it, she regretted it very much and finally made up with Xinhong. On June 6 every year, on the day of Pangu's death, she killed pigs and ducks to make a sacrifice to Pangu. Therefore, the Buyi people held a sacrifice to Pangu on June 6 every year for the ancestors' activities to show the continuity of future generations and a bumper harvest of grain.
Buyi people's Dragon Boat Festival custom There are nearly 20,000 people in Chengguan area of Libo County, and 80% of the residents are Buyi people, who all claim that their ancestors were in Jiangxi. There is no word "Dragon Boat Festival" in Buyi language. Buyi people call it "Haniha" (May 5th). The custom of Dragon Boat Festival followed their ancestors from Jiangxi to the banks of Zhangjiang River. Due to the traffic congestion and the lapse of time, the ancestors brought the Dragon Boat Festival from the Han area, which gradually branded the Buyi people, making this festival rich in local characteristics and unique national style.
According to the records of Libo County, as early as the third year of Song Kaibao (AD 970), the Buyi people in Libo Chengguan had the custom of climbing the Dragon Boat Festival. Most of the participants in this activity are teenagers. Early in the morning, teenagers took "back dumplings" and climbed Yuping Mountain outside the north gate of the county in droves, playing at the top of the slope and enjoying the scenery and eating dumplings. When you come back, you use straw or thatch to make a grass horse, ride on the horse and shout, and slide from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope, commonly known as "Suocaopo". The origin of this custom, according to legend, is that Buyi people in ancient times could not bear the oppression of the government. On the Dragon Boat Festival, they secretly gathered at the top of Yuping Mountain to plot an uprising. Zongzi is a food to take up the mountain to satisfy hunger. Later, the secret was accidentally leaked, and the officers and men besieged it. In desperation, the Buyi people cleverly fled the grass slope. In order to commemorate the uprising, Buyi people will climb Yuping Mountain and Suocaopo every Dragon Boat Festival. Customs have been passed down from generation to generation, and Yuping Mountain has a common name-Dengdengpo. However, this custom has changed a little since it spread to today. Taking zongzi uphill is not just to satisfy hunger. Old people tell young people to stay on the slope like endless zongzi to worship the mountain gods. It is said that this will protect the children's safety.
Buyi people hang calamus and mugwort leaves on wooden buildings on Dragon Boat Festival. These are all plants that grow by the river. It is said that this is also to commemorate Qu Yuan: since Qu Yuan's body was not found in the river, he pulled the leaves of Acorus calamus and Artemisia argyi by the river and went home. This embodies the simple and affectionate feelings of Buyi people who see things and think about people. However, this custom has gradually changed. The place where Acorus calamus leaves hung on the wooden building was gradually fixed on both sides of the gate, just like the gatekeepers Weichi Gong and Qin Qiong. I miss Qu Yuan's original intention, which is interpreted as exorcism, disinfection and treatment. Buyi people not only hang calamus and mugwort leaves, but also scatter realgar powder around their houses and drink realgar wine. Buyi people believe that the Dragon Boat Festival is the most medicinal day in a year, and it also has the best curative effect. Therefore, there are many grass stalls for the Dragon Boat Festival, and many people go to the hospital to see a doctor. Every household also cooks herbs to cure "Baicao Decoction", wraps hands for children with boiled silk thread, and ties a medicine bag with silk thread and hangs it on the child's chest, which is called "Longevity Cord".
Buyi people in the chengguan area of Libo hold dragon boat races, boat races, duck races and colored balls races in Yangjiaqiao section of the upper reaches of Zhangjiang River every Dragon Boat Festival. Grab ducks and colored balls, that is, put ducks and colored balls in the river, which are chased and robbed by swimmers. Whoever gets the ducks will be rewarded. Whether this custom is related to the commemoration of Qu Yuan has been lost, but it is said that it was formed in Song and Yuan Dynasties. Colored balls are made of silk and satin, which are easy to sink in water and difficult to snatch. Later, they are made of pig urine bubbles, dyed with red, yellow, blue, green and other colors, and inflated into balls.
There are many kinds of zongzi on the Buyi Dragon Boat Festival in Libo. Some are wrapped with Indocalamus leaves (commonly known as Zongba leaves), and some are wrapped with other plant leaves. According to the shape, there are triangle dumplings, pillow dumplings, back dumplings, birds and animals dumplings, etc. According to the varieties, there are meat dumplings, vegetable dumplings, cold dumplings, rice dumplings and grey dumplings. There are fern grass ash dumplings and glutinous rice grass ash dumplings.
Cold rice dumplings, also known as white rice dumplings, are made of glutinous rice mixed with borax and a small amount of edible alkali. This kind of zongzi is soft. Because it is eaten cold, it is named Liangzong. Yanger Ai Zongzi is a kind of glutinous rice mixed with wild vegetable Yanger Ai, so it is also a famous dish Zongzi. This kind of Zongzi contains many vitamins and has the effect of clearing away heat and toxic materials. Delicate and delicious, sweet and delicious.
There are bird dumplings, dog dumplings and tapir dumplings. It is first wrapped into birds and beasts of various shapes, and then steamed with glutinous rice. All kinds of zongzi have different uses. Triangle dumplings are generally small and are thrown into the river to feed fish and shrimp; Back-to-back dumplings, which are tied together in one big and one small, are made to worship the mountain gods on the children's backs; Pillow dumplings are specially tied to honor the teachers in the school, so the two ends of this kind of dumplings should be tied with flowers with zongzi silk.