Rhetoric methods: metaphor, personification, rhetorical question, rhetorical question, metonymy, antithesis, exaggeration, contrast, allusion, translation, intertextuality, repetition, etc.
Metaphor: noumenon (figurative thing), vehicle (figurative thing) and figurative word (symbolic word of figurative relationship) Category: Simile A is like B. Ontology, figurative word and vehicle are all obvious. For example, the leaves are high out of the water, like a graceful dancer's skirt. Like, like, like, like ...
Metaphor A is B. Ontology and metaphor both appear, and when the middle is connected with "yes, success and change", the dark clouds are four in one, and the mountains are all ink and wash landscapes.
Metaphor refers to a generation of b instead of an noumenon. Tell the metaphor directly. Only heroes drive tigers and leopards, let alone heroes who are afraid of bears. Metaphor uses several metaphors to illustrate an noumenon. The most common rain is three or two days, so don't be annoyed. Look, it is like ox hair, like a needle, like a filament, woven in a dense diagonal way. There is a thin layer of smoke on the roof of the house.
Metonymy: Metonymy is a rhetorical device in which related things are used to replace the things to be expressed. This rhetorical device does not directly tell the people or things to be said. Types of metonymy: 1 Substitute the noumenon things with the characteristics of things: Red eyes knew that there was only one old lady in his family. Concrete generation abstraction: political power came out of the barrel of a gun. Proper names generally said: our times need 10 million Lei Feng in Qian Qian. 4 Part generation as a whole: Yong. Cause of the result generation: specialize in writing and ink, and laugh for the strong man (laughter is the result). When using metonymy, we must grasp the most typical characteristics of things, and the borrowing body and noumenon of metonymy cannot appear.
Similarities and differences between metonymy and metonymy: they all substitute one thing for another, and the noumenon of things does not appear. Differences: metonymy is used to "call the borrowing body as the noumenon", which means that it is just a metaphor. The relevance of the basic things that constitute metonymy requires a certain relationship between the borrowing body and the noumenon. The basis of metonymy is the similarity of things, which requires some similarities between the vehicle and the noumenon.
Analogy: Analogy is a rhetorical way of writing things A as things B, including writing things as people (personification); Write people as crops (imitations); Write this thing as another thing (imitation). personification: personification of things. imitation: materialization of a thing and a thing. Gazi pricks up his ears to listen to the differences between analogy and metaphor: analogy is to write ontology by imitating the characteristics of the simulated thing. The emphasis is on imitation. Metaphor is to use metaphor to compare ontology, and the emphasis is on metaphor. In comparison, ontology and imitation blend with each other, and ontology must appear. In metaphor, ontology may or may not appear, but metaphor must appear.
Exaggeration: Exaggeration is a rhetorical way to deliberately expand or reduce the object, characteristics, function and degree of things in order to meet the needs of some expression. Types of exaggeration: expanding exaggeration, reducing exaggeration and leading exaggeration. 1 expanding exaggeration: an exaggeration form that deliberately makes objective things "big, multi-faceted, high, strong and deep". It is difficult to learn the truth. It' s hard to get to the sky. Reduced form: an exaggerated form that deliberately makes objective things "small, small, weak, low and shallow". A man in black stands in front of the old bolt, and his eyes are like two knives, which makes the old bolt shrink by half. Advanced exaggeration: an exaggerated form that puts the later things one step ahead of time. Seeing such bright green seedlings, he can smell the smell of white bread.
Duality: Duality is a rhetorical way to express two opposite or similar meanings by using a pair of phrases or sentences with the same number of words, the same structural form and symmetrical meaning. Duality type: 1 Duality: the dual form with similar, similar, complementary and commensurate meanings of the upper and lower sentences. Reed on the wall is top-heavy and shallow; Bamboo shoots in the mountains have a thick mouth and a hollow belly. 2 Objection: the dual form of the upper and lower sentences with opposite meanings. The eyebrows are cold to the fingers of thousands of people, and the head is willing to be a willing ox. 3 String pairs: the meaning of the upper and lower sentences has the dual form of undertaking, causality, progression, hypothesis and conditions. Only drink the Yangtze River water, They also eat Wuchang fish. According to the form of the upper and lower sentences, the duality can be divided into: 1 strict duality: the number of words is equal, the part of speech is the same, the structure is the same (the sentence cannot be composed), the words are flat and parallel, and the words are not reused. For example, 1 and 2 sentences. 2 Wide duality: five requirements can be achieved only partially. Not strict, such as
Dual structure: 1 component dual: However, my disadvantage is that I lose face in discussing current affairs, and the disadvantages are often classified, while the latter is especially incompatible with appropriateness. 2 Sentence dual: autumn water * * * sky is one color, sunset and lonely Qi Fei.
The difference between duality and contrast: 1 The basic feature of contrast is "contrast", and the basic feature of duality is "symmetry". Duality is mainly from the structural form, which requires the structure to be commensurate and the number of words to be equal. Contrast is from the meaning, which requires the opposite or similar meaning, regardless of the structural form. 3 "Objection" in duality (such as "looking at a thousand fingers coldly,
Parallelism is a rhetorical way in which three or more phrases or sentences with the same or similar structure, related content and consistent tone are arranged together to strengthen the language situation, emphasize the content and aggravate the feelings. The types of parallelism: 1 components are compared with Yan' an's songs ... It is a torch in the night, coal in a snowy day and rain in a drought. Their quality is so pure and noble, and their will is so. Their temperament is so simple and humble, and their minds are so beautiful and broad. 3. The Eighth Route Army wore straw sandals and drove the Japanese devils into the sea. The People's Liberation Army wore straw sandals and kicked the Chiang Dynasty off the stage. Now the Eighth Company wears straw sandals and tramples on the foot of the fragrant wind and poisonous fog. 4.
Repetition (reappearance) In order to express strong feelings, a certain word, sentence or sentence group is deliberately used repeatedly. This rhetorical method is called repetition. The type of repetition: 1 Repeated one after another: waiting, waiting, the hearse carrying your body ran over my heart. Silence, silence, if it doesn't break out in silence, it will die in silence. Repeatedly at intervals.