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What are the main indicators for evaluating the results of dietary surveys?
Average Requirement (EAR), Recommended National Intake (RNI), Adequate Intake (AI) and Tolerable Maximum Intake (UL).

Check the intake of various foods and calculate the daily intake of various nutrients per person based on the Food Composition Table (FCS) in order to evaluate the diet. Commonly used are the questioning method, the bookkeeping method, the weighing method and the chemical analysis method. Questioning method. Inquire about the composition and quantity of the meal, the number of meals per day, the time of day, the number of food types and quantities, and the main food, side dishes, fruits and snacks should be included. The types and quantities of food should be as accurate as possible, and in case of doubt, the weighing method should be added for verification or re-questioning.

The average daily intake of each type of food was obtained by adding up the foods of the same type eaten during the survey period and dividing by the number of days of the survey. The daily nutrient intake was calculated according to the table of food composition, and then converted into the intake for each person, male, female, old, and young, according to the coefficient of food intake. This method is not very accurate, but it is convenient and can be used for families or individuals. Bookkeeping method. Investigate the bills and accounts of food purchases to get the total amount of each food consumed. Then use the total number of people who eat, the number of days divided by the average daily intake of various types of food per person, according to the food composition table to calculate the intake of nutrients. This method is mainly used in collective units, such as kindergartens, troops and schools.

If the eating population is composed of different units, it is still necessary to convert them according to the food intake coefficients. This method requires less labor, easy to implement, can investigate a longer period of time meals, such as investigating a year 4 quarters, 1 month of meals per quarter. Weighing method. Weighing and recording the raw weight and cooked weight of various foods, counting and recording the composition and number of people eating each meal, and thus finding the raw weight of various foods eaten by each person at that meal.

It is simpler to do this in a collective unit; if there are people of all ages in the family, from children to the elderly, the elderly and children must be converted into adults (standardized) according to the specific situation, and then calculated. Add the results of each meal of the day together to obtain the amount of raw food consumed in a day. If the recipes are similar every day, weigh the diet for 3 to 4 days. Otherwise, the diet should be weighed for 1 week, and then similar foods during the weighing period should be added together and divided by the number of days of the survey and the number of people who ate the meals to obtain the average daily intake of various foods, and thus calculate the intake of various nutrients.

This method can accurately derive the dietary situation of the surveyed unit or individual. However, it is labor intensive and time consuming. Chemical analysis method. Keep the same type and quantity of food eaten by the respondent, a day's meal, through chemical analysis, to understand the amount of calories and nutrients contained in it. This method is mainly used for scientific studies or in patients with severely restricted nutrition. The method is complicated, but the results are very accurate.

After obtaining the daily intake of nutrients per person according to any of the above methods, the diet can be evaluated by comparing it with the amount supplied and calculating what foods are the main sources of calories and proteins, and the proportion of high-quality proteins (legumes, animal foods). The results of the dietary survey are to provide background material for a comprehensive nutritional status survey.