Sudden onset of severe abdominal pain is the most frequent and important initial symptom of gastric perforation. The pain starts in the upper abdomen or at the site of the perforation, and is often cutting or burning, and is usually persistent, but there are also bouts of sexual aggravation. The pain quickly spreads to the entire abdomen and may spread to the shoulders in a stabbing or aching sensation.

2. Shock symptoms

Perforation of the early stage, patients often have a certain degree of shock symptoms, the development of the disease to bacterial peritonitis and intestinal paralysis, the patient may once again appear toxic shock phenomenon.

3. Nausea and vomiting

About half of the patients have nausea and vomiting, which is not intense, and the vomiting is aggravated by intestinal paralysis, and there are symptoms such as abdominal distension and constipation.

4. Other symptoms

Fever, rapid pulse, increase in white blood cells, but usually appear a few hours after perforation.

Examination

1. Physical examination: abdominal wall pressure, rebound pain, muscle tension peritonitis symptoms, hepatic turbid zone shrinks or disappears.

2. Abdominal puncture to extract purulent fluid, the diagnosis is clearer.

3. X-ray, ultrasound, CT examination to confirm the diagnosis of the disease.

To be distinguished from the following symptoms:

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: from the esophagus to the rectum is called the digestive tract of the body. Bounded by the intersection of the duodenum and jejunum, the upper GI tract is above and the lower GI tract is below. Therefore, the upper gastrointestinal tract should include bleeding from the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, as well as the pancreas and biliary tract, collectively referred to as upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Among them, ulcer disease accounts for about half, esophagogastric fundal varices account for 25%, and in recent years, the number of cases of acute hemorrhagic gastritis and erosive gastritis with hemorrhage has also increased, and the bleeding foci cannot be identified in about 5% of cases, and the cause of hemorrhage cannot be found even by caesarean section. Its clinical manifestations are dominated by vomiting blood and black feces, often accompanied by the clinical manifestations of blood volume insufficiency, is a common emergency.

Gastrointestinal stenosis: There are many causes of gastrointestinal stenosis, such as inflammatory stenosis, postoperative anastomotic stenosis, tumor stenosis, developmental abnormality, dyskinesia (pancreatic achalasia), and acid and alkali burns, etc. Clinically, the most common causes of gastrointestinal stenosis are vomiting blood and black feces. Clinically, stenosis of the upper gastrointestinal tract is the most common, so it often causes the symptom of dysphagia, and in severe cases, the inability to eat. Treatment with water bladder, air bladder, Shah's probe dilation or placement of metal stent can release the stenosis and relieve the difficulty in eating.

Digestive agitation: digestive agitation is also known as irritable bowel syndrome. It refers to a group of clinical syndromes including abdominal pain, abdominal distension, change in bowel habits and abnormal stool characteristics, mucus stools and other manifestations, persistent or recurrent, and exclude organic diseases that can cause these symptoms after examination. This disease is the most common type of functional bowel disease.

1. Eat less fried food: because this kind of food is not easy to digest, will increase the burden on the digestive tract, eat more will cause dyspepsia, but also make the blood fat increase, is not good for health;

2. Eat less pickled food: these foods contain more salt and some carcinogens, it is not advisable to eat;

3. Eat less cold food stimulating food: cold and stimulating food to the digestive tract mucosa has the effect on the mucous membrane of the digestive tract. The food on the digestive mucosa has a strong stimulating effect, easy to cause diarrhea or inflammation of the digestive tract;

4. Regular diet: studies have shown that regular meals, regular meals, can form a conditioned reflex to help the secretion of the digestive glands, more conducive to digestion;

5. Timing and quantitative: To do the right amount of food at each meal, three meals per day at regular intervals, the time to the specified time, regardless of hunger, should be active in the eating Not hungry, should take the initiative to eat, to avoid over-hunger or over-full;

6. Appropriate temperature: the temperature of the diet should be "not hot, not cold" to the degree;

7. Chewing and swallowing: to reduce the burden on the stomach and intestines. The more times you fully chew your food, the more saliva you secrete, which has a protective effect on the gastric mucosa;

8. Drinking water at the right time: the best time to drink water is in the morning on an empty stomach and one hour before each meal, drinking water immediately after the meal will dilute gastric juices, and using soup to soak up rice will affect the digestion of food;

9. Avoid stimulation: do not smoke, because smoking makes the stomach vasoconstriction, affecting the blood supply of gastric wall cells, so that the gastric mucosa resistance is reduced and induce gastric disease. Should drink less alcohol, eat less chili, pepper and other spicy foods;

11. Supplementary vitamin C: vitamin C has a protective effect on the stomach, gastric fluid to maintain a normal level of vitamin C, can effectively play the function of the stomach, protect the stomach and enhance the stomach's ability to resist disease. Therefore, eat more vitamin C-rich vegetables and fruits.