Dujiangyan is located where the Minjiang River enters the alluvial plain from the valley, and irrigates thousands of hectares of farmland on the Chengdu Plain east of guanxian. It turns out that the upper reaches of the Minjiang River flow through steep mountains, and when it reaches the Chengdu Plain, the water speed suddenly slows down, so a lot of sediment and rocks are deposited.
Every year, when the rainy season comes, the water potential of tributaries such as Minjiang River soars and often floods. When there is insufficient rain, it will cause drought again. Two or three hundred years before Dujiangyan was built, Du, an ancient Shu kingdom, opened an artificial river at the foot of the Minjiang River to drain the water from the Minjiang River into the Tuojiang River to eliminate floods.
In the fifty-first year of Qin Dynasty (256 BC), Li Bing was in charge of Shu County. On the basis of previous water control, Li Bing built Dujiangyan in guanxian, where the Minjiang River flows into the plain, relying on the local people.
Second, the origin of Dujiangyan name
Li Bingchu, the prefect of Qin and Shu counties, built a weir, and Dujiangyan was named "Kuishan". This is because Leiyushan next to Dujiangyan was called "Kuishan" before Qin and Han Dynasties, and people living around Dujiangyan at that time mainly called the weir "Gui", so Dujiangyan was called "Kuishan".
During the Shu and Han Dynasties in the Three Kingdoms, Du 'an County was established in Dujiangyan, which was named "Du 'an Weir". At the same time, it is also called "golden dike", which highlights the water diversion function of fish mouth and uses dike instead of weir as its name.
In the Tang Dynasty, Dujiangyan was renamed "Jueweiyan". Because the materials and methods of embankment construction at that time were mainly "broken bamboo as a cage, with a diameter of three feet, filled with solid stone, which was called" open tail ".
It was not until the Song Dynasty that Dujiangyan was mentioned for the first time in the history of the Song Dynasty: "Yongkang army ruled Dujiangyan at the age of 20, and the cage stone snake broke the river and stopped water to irrigate several counties."
Regarding the origin of the name Du Jiang, Shu Shui Kao said: "Fu River, a Chengdu River, has two sources, namely Lijiang River and Liujiang River." Liu Jiang is another name for Jian Jiang. On the Chengdu Plain, the Fuhe River is Yongjiang River and the Nanhe River is Jianjiang River. Their upper reaches are Baitiao River and Zouma River, which are divided into Dujiangyan and Neijiang. "National Records" said: "Du Jiang is the river of Chengdu". Since the Song Dynasty, the whole Dujiangyan water conservancy project has been generally called Dujiangyan, which accurately represents the whole water conservancy project system and has been used ever since.
Extended data
Dujiangyan is a famous ancient water conservancy project, located in the west of Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province. Du 'an County was named Du 'an weir in ancient times. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Du Jiang was called "the treasure of Zhenchuan"? . Two thousand years ago, Li Bing and his son faced the unruly Minjiang River and burned the jade base and turned it into a pile. The fishmouth dike divides water, the flying sand weir overflows, and the treasure bottle draws water, turning the Xishu Plain, which is bound to be waterlogged by rain, into a land of abundance where people are hungry with floods and droughts.
This project is still playing a role today and is called "Living Water Conservancy Museum". It is the oldest and only water conservancy project in the world, which is characterized by dam-free water diversion.
1800 years ago, Zhang Ling, the founder of Taoism, took a fancy to the green and tranquility of Qingcheng Mountain and decided to practice here. The incense of Qingcheng Mountain is getting more and more prosperous, but the Taoist temples and pavilions are always hidden in the dense forest and integrated with the surrounding mountains and springs.
The unique geographical conditions and ecological environment have created natural landscapes such as Liedui Lock Gorge, Golden West Sunset, Xiongguan Ancient Road, Lei Yu Xiandu, Hantan Long Fu, Ruqiao Hong Fei, Jade Fairy, Minshan Xiaoxue, Aquarius Xiao Chun, etc., which complement each other with the ancient buildings such as Erwang Temple, Fulongguan Temple, Anlan Suoqiao Temple and Chenghuang Temple, forming mountains, waters and temples. Very ornamental, ecological and characteristic.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Dujiangyan (World Cultural Heritage, National 5A Tourist Attraction)