Forbidden City, Great Wall, Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs, Shichahai, Yuanmingyuan, Lugou Bridge, Mutianyu Great Wall, Simatai Great Wall, Jinshanling Great Wall, Juyongguan Great Wall, Jiankou Great Wall, Gongwangfu Garden, Peking University, Hutong, Beijing Zoo, Beijing Botanical Garden, Panjiayuan Antique Market, Ancient Observatory, Deshengmen. Sugar-Coated Berry: Delicious food handed down from the Song Dynasty 8 years ago is a famous national historical and cultural city with a history of thousands of years. Beijing was the capital of five dynasties in history. In the 8 years since the Jin Dynasty, many magnificent palace buildings have been built, making Beijing the city with the largest number of imperial palaces, gardens, temples and tombs and the richest content in China. Among them, the Forbidden City in Beijing, also known as the Forbidden City, was originally the imperial palace of Ming and Qing Dynasties, where 24 emperors lived. The building is magnificent, which perfectly embodies the traditional classical style and oriental style of China. It is the largest existing palace in China and even the whole world, and it is a valuable cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. The Temple of Heaven is famous at home and abroad for its reasonable layout and exquisite construction. It is the place where emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties "worship heaven" and "pray for the valley". It is the largest existing ancient sacrificial building complex in China and a precious heritage of world architectural art. The Summer Palace is a famous tourist attraction in Beijing. Yuanmingyuan is the most famous royal garden in China. It enjoys a high reputation in the history of Chinese and foreign gardens and has high artistic value. It is known as the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens". The Ming Tombs are the largest royal tombs in Beijing, which contain the tombs of 13 emperors in the Ming Dynasty, especially the Ming Dingling Mausoleum excavated in modern times, which is huge and spectacular. Temples There are religious temples all over Beijing. The existing famous ones are: Fayuan Temple, Tanzhe Temple, Jietai Temple, Yunju Temple and Badachu Temple. Taoist Baiyun view, etc. Islamic Beijing Niujie Worship Temple, etc. Lama Temple in Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism), Catholic Sishiku Catholic Church, Wangfujing Catholic Church, etc. Christian Gangwa City Church, Chongwenmen Church, etc. Eight Scenes of Yanjing Eight Scenes of Yanjing refer to eight old landscapes in Beijing, including Jimen Smoky Tree (West Tucheng), Lugou xiao yue (Lugou Bridge), Jintai Xizhao (Jintai Road), Qiongdao Chunyin (Beihai Park), Juyong Diecui (Badaling), Taiyou Autumn Wind (Zhongnanhai), Yuquan Tutu (Yuquan Mountain) and Xishan Qingxue (Xishan Qingxue). The eight scenic spots in Beijing were first mentioned in the ancient book The Legacy of Mingchang in the Jin Dynasty. Later, the eight scenic spots in Yanjing were mentioned in the local chronicles including Miscellaneous Notes of Wan Department (Ming) and Annals of Chen Yuan (Qing). The eight scenic spots in the early days were slightly different from those in the later years. During the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, Emperor Qianlong personally presided over the revision of the eight scenic spots in Yanjing and ordered the construction of a monument for the eight scenic spots in Yanjing. Peking Opera Peking Opera is the quintessence of China, which is deeply loved by the people in Beijing. Walking on the streets of Beijing, you can often hear cadence jokes from the roadside. The origin of Peking Opera can be traced back to several ancient local operas. In 179, four major local operas in Anhui-Sanqing Class, Sixi Class, Chungong Class and Chunchun Class-successively performed in Beijing and achieved unprecedented success. Huiban often performs in cooperation with artists from Hubei Province, so a new kind of opera was born, which is based on the Hui tune "Erhuang" and the Han tune "Xipi" and combines the essence of local operas such as Kunqu Opera, Shaanxi Opera and Bangzi. This is Beijing Opera. In the course of 2 years' development, Beijing Opera has become more and more Beijing-like in lyrics, intonation and rhyme. The erhu, Jinghu and other musical instruments used have also integrated the characteristics of many ethnic groups and finally become a mature art. Peking opera is a combination of singing, dancing, martial arts, music, art and literature. It is similar to western opera, so it is called "Peking Opera" by westerners. In addition to Beijing opera, Beijing also has double reed, cross talk, storytelling, rhyme drums and so on, all of which are national quintessence. Hutong Hutong is one of the most characteristic houses in Beijing, which originated in the Yuan Dynasty. The word "Hutong" means "small street" in Mongolian. There are more than 7, hutongs scattered all over Beijing, each with an anecdote. The names of hutongs are varied, and some are named after characters, such as Wen Prime Minister Hutong; Some are named after markets and commodities, such as Goldfish Hutong; Some of them are named after Beijing dialect, such as Hulu Guan Hutong. After investigation, the oldest hutong in Beijing is Sanmiao Street, which has a history of more than 9 years. The longest hutong is East-West Jiaomin Lane, with a total length of 6.5 miles. The shortest hutong is no more than ten meters long; The narrowest alley is Qianshi Hutong in Dashilan area of Qianmen, which is only .7 meters wide. Nanluoguxiang, located in Dongcheng District, has now become one of the eight characteristic commercial streets in Beijing, with many foreign friends. The Ming and Qing style buildings and various bars on both sides of the hutong add a lot of color to Beijing. Siheyuan Siheyuan is a courtyard surrounded by houses in the southeast and northwest, and the outer wall of the courtyard forms the side wall of the hutong. The north room in the courtyard is the main room, and the east and west sides are the wing rooms. Except for the gate, there is no window or passage connected with the hutong. The quadrangle is quiet and closed, which is a traditional residence in old Beijing. The former residences and palaces of celebrities scattered in urban areas are generally more authentic quadrangles, such as Gongwangfu in Qianhai West Street. In recent years, more and more high-rise buildings have been built in Beijing, and quadrangles are rare. Now there are only two relatively complete quadrangles in the Second Ring Road. The central axis Beijing's central axis is the central axis that points out and clarifies the city of Beijing. Beijing's urban planning has the characteristics of symmetry around Miyagi. The central axis of Beijing starts from Yongdingmen in the south and ends at the Bell and Drum Tower in the north, which is about 7.8 kilometers long. From south to north, they are Yongdingmen, Qianmen Arrow Tower, Zhengyangmen, Zhonghua Gate, Tiananmen Gate, Duanmen, Wumen Gate, Forbidden City, Shenwumen, Jingshan, Di 'anmen, Houmenqiao, Drum Tower and Bell Tower. From Yongdingmen, the southern end of this central axis, there are the Temple of Heaven and the Xiannongtan. Ancestral temple and social altar; Donghuamen and Xihuamen; Andingmen and Deshengmen are symmetrically distributed with the central axis. Mr. Liang Sicheng, a famous architect in China, once said: "The unique magnificent order of Beijing is produced by the establishment of this central axis." Yongdingmen Gate, Zhonghua Gate and Di 'anmen Gate were all demolished after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and the Yongdingmen Gate Tower has been rebuilt in recent years. Citywall Beijing Citywall is the floorboard of the capital city defense buildings in the last two dynasties of Ming and Qing dynasties in China history. It consists of Miyagi, Imperial City, Inner City and Outer City, including many facilities such as city walls, city gates, urn, watchtowers, enemy platforms and moats. It was once the most complete ancient city defense system in China. The gate of Beijing is the general name of the gates of Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to the differences in grades and building specifications, it is divided into four categories: Miyagi City Gate, Imperial City Gate, Inner City Gate and Outer City Gate. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were four gates of Miyagi (called six), four gates of imperial city (called six or seven), nine gates of inner city and seven gates of outer city in Beijing. There is a folk saying that "there are nine gates inside and seven gates outside". After the demise of the Qing Dynasty, the city of Beijing was gradually demolished. Except for Miyagi, only Tiananmen Square was preserved, and only Zhengyangmen, Deshengmen Arched Tower, Southeast Corner Tower and Chongwenmen were left in the inner city, while the outer city was completely destroyed, and only Yongdingmen was rebuilt.