In ancient times, Ruomu was sealed to Xu State in the north of Fengyang County, Anhui Province today, which is the earliest birthplace of Xu surname. When Xu died, Xu, who lived here, was already a famous name. Later, they moved to the north. After roughly Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties until Sui and Tang Dynasties, many counties were formed in Shandong and Henan in the north of China. There are also ancient East China Sea, Gaoping, Dongwan and other places. The specific time of the relocation was: Qin had moved to Shandong before. There was a Japanese ancestor, Xu Fu, also called Xu, who crossed the ocean to seek the elixir of life. There are many records in history. "Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor" wrote: "Qi Xu wrote that there are three sacred mountains in the sea, Penglai, Abbot and Zhangzhou. Please take children and men to ask for them, so send someone." The story of Xu's visit to the elixir of life, although there are some discrepancies in different historical records, provides a strong proof for Xu's migration to Shandong more than two thousand years ago. Before the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Xu family had moved to today's Gansu Province. In other words, in the Han Dynasty, the Xu family had been transplanted to vast areas in the north. Xu moved south earlier than other surnames. According to the Xu Family Tree of Donghai Hall, during the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, Xu Zhi, the ancestor of the clan, moved to Nanchang, Jiangxi. 2. Sai-jo moved to Longyou, Zhejiang; Ancestors lived in many places in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Jiangsu and other provinces. Secondly, Xu's large-scale southward migration began in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and further developed in southern China in Sui and Tang Dynasties. At the end of the Song Dynasty, Xu moved from Shicheng, Jiangxi to Shanghang and Liancheng, Fujian. In the Yuan Dynasty, the Xu family mainly spread in Fengshun, Meixian and Haifeng in Guangdong. In a word, Xu was mainly distributed in the lower reaches of the Yellow River in China during the Qin and Han Dynasties, especially in Shandong. From Wei Jin to Tang Dynasty, the Xu family mainly spread in most areas of Huaihe River and the lower reaches of Yangtze River. After the Song Dynasty, it has been distributed in the vast Jiangnan area. As for the large-scale reproduction of the Xu family in southwest China, it was after the Song Dynasty.

From Xia Dynasty to the early Qin Dynasty, Xu was active in Anhui, Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong and other Jianghuai areas. During the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Xu had developed to Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hubei and other places. Xu was born in Fujian and Guangdong in the Tang Dynasty and in Taiwan Province Province in the late Ming Dynasty. Because Xu's main force had been far away from the north as early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, several wars in northern China did relatively little harm to Xu. Especially in the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Xu's surname flourished in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Fujian provinces, especially in Jiangsu, forming five famous ethnic groups in Donghai, Gaoping, Langya, Puyang and Dongguan, and finally forming a typical oriental surname today.

During the Song Dynasty (960- 1279), there were about 840,000 people surnamed Xu, accounting for 1. 1, ranking 17. The largest province of Xu surname is Jiangxi, accounting for 23.5% of the total population of Xu surname in China and 2.4% of the total population of Jiangxi Province. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Jiangxi, Zhejiang (17. 1), Shandong (10.9) and Jiangsu (10.6), and the population of these four provinces accounts for about 62% of Xu's total population. Followed by Fujian (8.3), Anhui (5.9), Sichuan (5.4), Hubei (5.3) and Henan (5), the number of Xu surnames in these five provinces is 30. The whole country has formed a Xu-Da gathering area centered on Jiangxi and Zhejiang. Xu's population in Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and Northwest China is very sparse.

During the Ming Dynasty (1368- 1644), there were about1920,000 people surnamed Xu, accounting for 2. 1 of the national population, ranking 10. In the past 600 years, the net population growth rate has been 20, and the population growth rate of Xu is much higher than that of the whole country. During the 600 years, the net population growth rate of Xu was as high as 1.28, and the population increased by 1.08 million. During the Ming Dynasty, Zhejiang was the largest province with the surname Xu, accounting for 35. 1 of the total population of the country and 4.5% of the total population of Zhejiang Province. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Zhejiang, Jiangsu (20.2) and Jiangxi (9.2). The surnames of Xu in these three provinces account for 64.5% of the total population of Xu, followed by Anhui (7. 1), Fujian (5.7), Shandong (4.8) and Hubei (4.2), and the surnames of Xu in these four provinces are concentrated again. In the northwest and southwest, Xu is still a rare surname. During the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the overall distribution pattern of Xu surname changed greatly, and its population mainly migrated from the north to the southeast, while the Xu surname in Sichuan mainly migrated to the two lakes and the south. The Yangtze River Delta is still the main gathering area of Xu surname in China, but Fujian and Guangdong in the southeast have re-formed another gathering area of Xu surname.

In the 600 years since the Ming Dynasty, the population of Xu Ma has soared from 1.92 million to more than 20 million, an increase of nearly 1. 1 times. The average population of the Ming Dynasty was close to 93 million, and today's population is 654.38+0.2 billion, with a population increase of 654.38+0.3 times. Xu's population growth rate is lower than the national population growth rate. During the period of 1000, Xu's population growth rate showed a factory-like growth. At present, the distribution of Xu surnames in China is mainly concentrated in Jiangsu (14.2), Guangdong (10.3), Zhejiang (8.9) and Sichuan (7.4), accounting for about 4 1 of the total population of Xu in China, followed by Shandong (6.8) and Jiangxi (6.6). Jiangsu is the largest province with Xu surname, accounting for 3.9% of the total population of the province. China has formed three regions with high Xu surname distribution: Yangtze River Delta, East Guangdong and Sichuan. In the past 600 years, the degree and direction of Xu's population movement are very different from those in the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, especially in the direction of movement. The migration from the east to Central China, North China and Sichuan has always been greater than that from the north to the southeast. At the same time, migration to Guangdong and Northeast China has also become an important direction of personnel flow.

The population distribution frequency and density per unit area of contemporary Xu are the highest in central and southern Jiangsu, Hangjiahu Plain in northern Zhejiang and Yantai in Shandong, with a population of more than 9 people per square kilometer and a population of more than 12 in the central region.

The area with the highest distribution density of Xu surname (more than 7.2 people/square kilometer) accounts for 3.4 of the national territory, and the population of Xu surname is about 2.93 million; Area 14.4, 3.6-7.2 people/km2, with a population of about 6.67 million. 1.8-3.6 people/square kilometer accounts for 29.6 of the national territory, and Xu has a population of about 7.36 million. 1- 1.8 people/km2 accounts for 1.9, and the population of Xu is about 1.99 million. The area less than 1 person/square kilometer accounts for 33.6% of the national territory, and the population of Xu is about 970,000.

Xu's surname is widely distributed, but it is not evenly distributed in the crowd. Xu surname is one of the common surnames in the eastern and southeastern regions. In southern Jiangsu, Zhejiang, southeastern Anhui, northeastern Jiangxi, central and southern Yunnan, Xu's surname accounts for the highest proportion of the local population, generally reaching more than 2.5, and its coverage area accounts for 4.4 of the country's total area; In northern Jiangsu, most of Anhui, most of Jiangxi, eastern Shandong, eastern and western Yunnan, Wuwei, Gansu, northeastern Heilongjiang, eastern Liaoning, southeastern Jilin and northern Taiwan Province Province, the proportion of Xu's surname in the local population is between 1.5 and 2.5, and its coverage area accounts for13.4 of the national total area; In some areas such as North China, Central China, South China, Southwest China and Northeast China, Xu's surname accounts for 0.5-1.5 of the local population, and its coverage area accounts for 48. 1 of the national total area. For example, in Shanxi, according to the statistics of the fourth population census 1990, Xu's surname ranked 40th with the number of 150. In other areas, Xu's surname accounts for less than 0.5 of the local population, and its coverage area accounts for 34. 1 of the total area of the country.

In Quzhou, Zhejiang, Xu is the first surname. According to the statistics of 1990, the city governs 5 counties 1 districts with a population of173,000, of which Longyou population is about 9,000. There are 402 surnames in Jiangshan, including Xu, Wang, Jiang and Zheng with a population between 30,000 and 50,000. Xu's population is 46 149. In Yuyao City, Ningbo, there are 35,972 people surnamed Xu, and there are 27 villages with Xu as their village name. According to the statistics of Cixi 1987, there are 554 surnames, and there are 22 surnames with more than 10,000 people. The number of Xu surnames is between 30,000 and 40,000, ranking behind Chen and Hu He. According to the statistics of Fenghua 1988, there are 14 people with more than 10,000 people, and the number of Xu family is 10824. According to the investigation of Xiangshan county 1985, there are 4 surnames in this county, and Xu is the ninth, [3 104 1 person; Xu in Ninghai County is one of the most popular surnames in this county 10. According to the statistics of Zhenhai county 1985, there are 13 people with more than 10,000 people in the county, and Xu is one of them. There are 143 village names in the county, including 37 named after Xu and 146 14 named after Xu. In Xiaoshan City, according to the survey of 1982, there are 506 surnames in the city, among which Xu is one of 10 surnames with a population of nearly 40,000. According to the statistics of Anji County 1987 in Huzhou, there are 550 surnames in this county, among which 9 surnames are over 10,000, and Xu is one of them, with a population of 10 142. According to Jinhua Yongkang 1995, the number of Xu is13.29 million, which is one of the surnames with more than140,000. According to the statistics of 1985, there are 350 surnames in Yiwu, and the population of Xu is 5353. Others are Putuo, 1986, with a total population of more than 290,000, 358 surnames and 9,736 surnames of Xu; Cangwu Xu has a population of more than 5,500; There are 329 surnames in Chun 'an, and the population of Xu is more than 10000, but less than 40000. According to Qingtian 1985, there are 345 surnames in China, and Xu's population is 20935. According to the statistics of Jinyun 1996, the population of Xu is about 6,000, Wencheng 1980, and there are more than 1,000 people in the county 13 1000. There are 3,959 people surnamed Xu.

Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province 1985 According to statistics, there are 666 surnames in the city with a population of 50,000-60,000, among which surnames such as Zhang, Xu, Chen and wang xing are distributed all over the city. According to the statistics of Jiangning County 1985, there are 473 surnames in China, of which 14 is over 10,000, and Xu is one of them. According to the statistics of Gaochun County 1982, there are 460 surnames in the county, and there are 6 surnames with a population of 8,000 to 1 10,000. Xu is one of them. According to the survey in Chuansha County, Shanghai, 1987, there are 523 surnames in China, among which 6 surnames are over 20,000, and Xu is one of them, with a population of 24,206. The population of Jiading County at the end of 55 1987 was 22,086. Tongcheng, Anhui Province, according to the statistics of 1987, there are more than 200 surnames in China, and the surname of Xu is1215,000. According to the statistics of Yiyang 1986 in Hunan Province, the surname of Xu is 12 1 7797. Guangdong Nanxiong, 1986 statistics show that there are 6389 1 households in China, with 142 surnames and 864 surnames of Xu. In Pingyi County, Shandong Province, there are 290 surnames, Xu is the most popular surname, with 1 10,000 people. According to the statistics of Laixi County 1987, there are 220 surnames, and Xu is 1000 households. Shanxi Quwo, 1982 census, Xu population is1004; According to Xiangfen 1985, the population is between 3000 and 4000. According to the statistics of Wuqiao 1982 in Hebei Province, Xu's surname is E 13000 people; According to the statistics of Xiongxian 1986, the population of Xu is between 2000 and 7000. In Xuchang, Henan Province, there are 5,399 households with a population of over 10,000. Yongchang, Gansu, 1986 According to statistics, the population of Xu is between 2000 and 7000. According to the statistics of Changning 1982 in Yunnan, there are 48 163 households in the county, 2,79916 people, and 347 households are surnamed Xu. According to the statistics of Chenggong County 1986, there are 89,644 people with 390 surnames, and there are 1282 people with Xu surnames. In addition, in Yongxin, Leping, Yingshan and other places, Xu is also a surname with a large population in China.

The blood group distribution characteristics of Xu Shi population are as follows: O type 6.47 million, accounting for 32.5; Type A 5.76 million, accounting for 28.9%; Type B has 5.84 million people, accounting for 29.3%; Type AB is 654.38+0.85 million, accounting for 9.3%. The total income of Xu is19.92 million euros.

Xu's surname is mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, eastern Shandong, central and eastern Anhui, northeastern Jiangxi, eastern Guangdong and areas along the river in Heilongjiang, accounting for about 6.6% of the country's land area. There are 4.87 million people surnamed Xu, accounting for 24.3% of the national population. Type 0 is 65438+650,000, type A is 65438+420,000, type B is 65438+380,000, and type AB is 420,000.

North China, Central China, South China, Southwest China, Northeast China and other vast areas account for about 40.8% of the country's land area. The number of people surnamed Xu is12.09 million, accounting for about 01608.087 million, 3.52 million for type A, 3.56 million for type B and 0.44 million for type AB.

Other areas account for about 52.6% of the national land area, with a population of about 2.96 million, accounting for about 14.9% of the national population. Type 0 is 950,000, type A is 820,000, type B is 900,000 and type AB is 290,000.

Distribution of Xu surnames of ethnic minorities:

There are also some Xu surnames among ethnic minorities other than Han nationality. Except for the Zhong surname of She nationality, which may be a branch of Xu surname, there was a Xu surname among northern Di nationality in the Northern Wei Dynasty. It is impossible to verify whether it originated from the Yi surname or whether the Di nationality changed its surname. Xu Shipu, the minister of Chen in the Southern Dynasties, was a Pakistani.

Xu Shipu (509-563), born in Ba, was born in Xing Zong. Badong Yufu (now East Baidi City, Fengjie, Sichuan) was born. Living in Jingzhou, he is the head coach. Brave and strong, good at water warfare. At the end of the beam, Ren Gong rode as a constant servant, led the water army, defeated Hou Jing from Situ Lufa, sealed the fish back to the county, and became General Wu Xin. Go straight through the customs, ride a regular waiter, and be the prefect of Hedong. Later, in order to fight against the Western Wei Dynasty, he was promoted to General Zhong, General Zhennan and General Bao Jun.. When Liang Jingdi was left as a general, he was in charge of water warfare equipment and made great contributions. After the establishment of the Chen dynasty, he successively served as special minister, general of protecting the army, general Anxi, satrap of the blind city, and doctor You Guanglu. Chen Wendi Tianjia died of illness in four years.

Xu Gao, a famous painter in Song Dynasty, was a Bai nationality and was good at painting fish.

During the Liao and Jin Dynasties, the Tu people had a surname Bubu, which was later changed to Xu. Later gentry also surnamed Xu, which was later changed by the family and Xu Bu family.

In the Ming Dynasty, there was a Mongolian named Xu Sheng, whose original name was seventy-five. In the early years of Leshui, he joined the Ming Dynasty. He is alert, good at translating national languages and won trust. In the early Ming Dynasty, most ethnic minorities in the northwest and the north participated in it, so it was very tiring for officials to command affairs and the same knowledge.

In the Qing Dynasty, there was a Korean named Xu who lived in Kashan. According to the Eight Banners Manchu Annals, Xu Dayong surrendered to the Qing Dynasty in the early Qing Dynasty and wore a white flag. His great-grandson, Xu Zongshun, was a general officer with eight products, and Xu Zongmeng was a general officer with six products. In the Qing Dynasty, the stone drum basin in Lijiang, Yunnan Province always belonged to Xu and Naxi. After the Qing Dynasty, a few Manchu dolls changed their surnames to Han.

Besides the Han nationality, there are Manchu, Mongolian, Hui, Zhuang, Miao, Korean, Tu, Shui, Tibetan, Gelao, Lahu, Jingpo, Achang, Buyi, Ewenki, Dong, Hani, Yi, Tujia, Uygur, Xibe and so on. For example, the Xu surname of Jingpo nationality was changed by Leto, and the Xu surname of Achang nationality was changed by Laxi. Most of today's ethnic minorities are Manchu, such as Xu Shao, Adrian Xu, khaw boon wan, Xu Tongjia, Xu Chengshan, Xu Qianming, Xu Baoliang, Xu Qin Ming, Xu Zhu Gui, Xu Chongyuan and Xu Deming. Uighurs have Xu Khan, Koreans have Xu Qixi, Zhuang people have Xu Hehu, Hui people have Xu Hehu, Tujia people have Xu Shijun, and Bai people have Xu Lin.

Contemporary distribution of Xu surname

Today, Xu's surname has become the most popular surname of the Chinese nation, ranking l 1, with a population of nearly 20 million, all over the country, and there are footprints of Xu's surname on five continents. Xu in Taiwan Province Province mainly lives in Hsinchu and Miaoli. There are many Xu surnames in Chinese mainland, especially in Jiangsu, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Shandong, Jiangxi, Anhui and other provinces, accounting for about 65% of the population of Han Xu in China. According to some scholars' sampling survey of 7 provinces and cities 174900 in recent years, it is found that there are 2576 people surnamed Xu, accounting for 1.473 of the total number of people surveyed, and in the surveyed11.

Among the 24,948 Beijingers surveyed, 309 are surnamed Xu, accounting for 1.243 of the total number of people surveyed, and 14 of the 5 15 surnames surveyed.

Of the 25,092 Shanghainese surveyed, 1.034 are surnamed Xu, accounting for 4. 1.2 1, ranking fourth among the 39 1 surnames surveyed.

Among the 23,795 Shaanxi people surveyed, 209 are surnamed Xu, accounting for 0.878 of the total number of people surveyed, ranking second1among the 456 surnames surveyed.

Of the 25,239 Sichuanese surveyed, 363 are surnamed Xu, accounting for 1.438 of the total number of people surveyed, ranking 18 among 52 1 surnames surveyed.

Among the 25,029 Liaoning people surveyed, 352 are surnamed Xu, accounting for 1.406 of the total number of people surveyed, ranking 12 among the 447 surnames surveyed.

Among the 25,244 Fujian people surveyed, 160 are surnamed Xu, accounting for 0.634 of the total number of people surveyed, ranking 24th among the 246 surnames surveyed. Among the 25,646 Cantonese people surveyed, 149 are surnamed Xu, accounting for 0.58 1 of the total number of people surveyed, ranking 37th among the 298 surnames surveyed.

Wang Jun Tang Hao

Wang Jun 1

Donghai County: The county was built in the Qin Dynasty and located in today's Shandong Province. The Western Han Dynasty is equivalent to Feixian County in Linyi, Shandong Province, Ganyu in Shandong Province, Zaozhuang in Shandong Province and the area south of Guannan in Jiangsu Province. The Eastern Wei, Sui and Tang Dynasties were equivalent to the areas east of Donghai County and north of Huaishui in Jiangsu Province.

Gaoping County: Shanyang County was changed into a county in the first year of Jintai, which is located in the south of Juye, Shandong Province. Since then, including the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Dugao County was changed to Gaoping County ruled by Du Gao, which is equivalent to Jincheng and Gaoping today.

Gaowan County: A county was established in Qin Dynasty, which was divided into Langlang County and Qixian County at the beginning of Jian 'an in Han Dynasty, located in present-day Shandong Province.

Langya County: During the Qin Dynasty, it was a county that ruled Langya (now Jiaonan County, Shandong Province). Moved to Wu Dong in the Western Han Dynasty. It is equivalent to the southeast of Shandong Peninsula today.

Dongguan County: Located in Juxian County, Shandong Province.

2. Hall number

Donghai Hall: Xu Yanwang's sphere of influence has gradually expanded to southern Shandong, northern Jiangsu, eastern Fujian and central Anhui, while southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu belong to Donghai County. Therefore, Xu surnamed "Donghai" as the hall number.

In addition, Xu's main church names are: Holy Church, Maicanteen, Dunmu Hall, Shide Hall, Cungui Hall, Chuiyu Hall, Zhuiyuan Hall, Chongya Hall, Li Gengtang, Biantang and Huaide Hall.