Shen Congwen's former residence
is located at No.3 Fushan Road at the foot of Baguan Mountain. From 1931 to 1933, Shen Congwen lived here while teaching in China Literature Department of Qingdao University. When Ba Jin came to Qingdao in 1932, he also lived in Shen Congwen's apartment. Shen Congwen has successively created such famous works as Autobiography of Congwen, A Record of Ding Ling, A Little Scene under the Moon, Eight Horses Map, etc., and Border Town was also brewed during this period. The former residence of Shen Congwen was once the former residence of Wu Boxiao, a famous writer, but it was demolished due to urban construction.
The world knows and understands Phoenix from Shen Congwen. On December 28th, 192, Mr. Shen Congwen was born in a typical southern ancient quadrangle in Zhongying Street, Fenghuang Ancient City. The quadrangle was built by Shen Hongfu, the grandfather of Mr. Shen Congwen (who was the governor of Guizhou in Qing Dynasty) in the fifth year of Tongzhi (1866). It is a bungalow building sealed with fire bricks. The quadrangle is divided into front and back, with a courtyard paved with square red stones and wings on both sides, with 11 rooms in size. The house is a bucket-type wooden structure, which is sealed with a bucket and a pair of walls. Aotou decorated with horse head wall and carved doors and windows are small, chic and antique. The whole building has strong architectural characteristics of Xiangxi in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Shen Congwen's former residence was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit of the provincial people's government in 1991. The former residence now displays Shen Lao's ink, manuscripts, relics and portraits, making it one of the most attractive cultural landscapes in Phoenix. On May 25th, 26, Shen Congwen's former residence in Fenghuang County, Hunan Province was approved by the State Council to be included in the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
The former residence was built in the fifth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1866). It is a wooden quadrangle building, covering an area of 6 square meters. It is divided into two houses and 1 houses. Mr. Shen was born here on December 28th, 192, and spent his childhood and adolescence here. In 1988, Shen Lao died of illness in Beijing, and his ashes were buried under Tingtao Mountain in Fenghuang County. In the same year, the former residence was overhauled and opened to tourists. Now,
Shen Congwen (192-1988), formerly known as Shen Yuehuan, was born in Fenghuang County, Hunan Province. At the age of 14, he joined the ranks and roamed the border areas of Hunan, Sichuan and Guizhou. In 1924, he began to create literature, and after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he went to The National SouthWest Associated University to teach. In 1946, he returned to Peking University to teach. After the establishment of the park, he worked in the Chinese History Museum and the History Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences, mainly engaged in the research of ancient Chinese costumes.
throughout his life, Shen Congwen published more than 3 collections of short stories, such as Stone Boat and Congwen Subsets, and six novellas, such as Border Town and Long River. Shen Congwen is the main performer and reflector of the rural world with special significance. He believes that "beauty lies in life" is obsessed with the beauty of human nature, although he is in a hypocritical, selfish and indifferent city. Choose a small plot as the foundation and pile it with hard stones. Exquisite, strong and symmetrical, although small but not slender, it is my ideal building, and this temple is dedicated to "humanity" (Preface to Selected Works).
Shen Congwen's writing style tends to romanticism. He demands the poetic effect of the novel, which integrates realism, dreams and symbols. The language style is simple, the sentence is simple and thick, the trunk is prominent, simple and vivid, and it has a strong local color, highlighting the unique charm and spirit of rural humanity. The whole work is full of hidden worries about life and philosophical thinking about life, such as his real and tenacious life, which gives people lessons and enlightenment.
There are two main types of novels created by Shen Congwen. One is about life in western Hunan, and the other is about urban life. The former praises the beauty of human nature by describing the primitive and natural life forms of people in western Hunan. The latter reveals the loss of urban natural humanity through the corruption of urban life. The rural world in his works is manifested in the overall pattern of opposition and mutual participation with the urban society, while the "distortion of human nature" in the upper class under the urban theme is revealed under the candle light of the ideal of "harmony between man and nature". It is his unique value scale and philosophical speculation of connotation that constitutes the bridge between the urban life and the rural world under Shen Congwen's pen, and it is precisely because of this criticism of "modern literature" with money as the core and his romantic ideal. The novella Border Town is his masterpiece, which embodies Shen Congwen's aesthetic ideals of "beauty" and "love", and it is his most outstanding work to show the beauty of human nature. Through the love tragedy sent by his son and daughter Cui Cui's lover in Xiangxi, it is reflected that Xiangxi can't grasp its own destiny in the face of "nature" and "personnel", and repeated the sad life from generation to generation, placing the author's national and personal hidden pain.
phoenix, understanding phoenix began with Shen Congwen. On December 28th, 192, Mr. Shen Congwen, a famous Chinese writer, historian and archaeologist, was born in a typical southern ancient quadrangle in Zhongying Street, Fenghuang Ancient City. Siheyuan was built by Shen Hongfu, the grandfather of Shen Congwen, who was the governor of Guizhou in Qing Dynasty, after he bought an old house and demolished it in the fifth year of Tongzhi (1866). The quadrangle is divided into front and back, with a courtyard paved with square red stones and wings on both sides, with 11 rooms in size. The house is a bucket-type wooden structure, which is sealed with a bucket and a pair of walls. Aotou decorated with horse head wall and carved doors and windows are small, chic and antique. The whole building has strong architectural characteristics of Xiangxi in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Mr. Shen Congwen, who became famous in the literary world in the 192s, was praised as "the first-class modern literary writer in China, second only to Lu Xun" (On Shen Congwen by Jin Jiefu Jefferey C.KinKley) and spent his legendary childhood here.
Shen Congwen's life is bumpy and dedicated. From 1917 to 1922, he wandered in the Yuanshui River Basin in western Hunan. He broke into Beijing in 1923 and made a living by writing in Beijing from 1923 to 1928. From 1928 to 193, he served as a lecturer at China College, and was also the editor-in-chief of literary supplements such as Ta Kung Pao and Yishi Bao. From 1931 to 1933, he was a lecturer at Qingdao University. From 1934 to 1939, he edited the national Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools in Beijing; From 1939 to 1947, he was a professor at Southwest United University in Kunming. Professor in Peking University from 1947 to 1949; From 195 to 1978, he worked as a cultural relic researcher at the Chinese History Museum in Beijing. From 1978 to 1988, he worked as a researcher in the Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences. Mr. Shen Congwen's literary works, such as Border Town, Xiangxi and Congwen Autobiography, have great influence at home and abroad. His works have been translated and published in more than 4 countries such as Japan, the United States, Britain, and the former Soviet Union, and have been selected into university textbooks by more than 1 countries or regions such as the United States, Japan, South Korea, and Britain, and twice nominated as candidates for Nobel Prize in Literature. Mr. Shen Congwen is not only a famous writer, but also a famous historian and archaeologist. He has written and published academic monographs such as China Silk Patterns, Bronze Mirrors in Tang and Song Dynasties, Dragon and Phoenix Art, Lacquerware in Warring States Period, and Research on Ancient Chinese Costume, especially the masterpiece Research on Ancient Chinese Costume, which has great influence and fills a gap in China's cultural history.
Shen Congwen's former residence was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit of the provincial people's government in 1991, and it was renovated with funds. The former residence now displays Shen Lao's ink, manuscripts, relics and portraits, which has become one of the most attractive cultural landscapes in Phoenix, and visitors come in an endless stream every day.
Shen Congwen's former residence in Beijing
-No.51 Dongtangzi Hutong
Dongtangzi Hutong belongs to Jianguomen area in Dongcheng District, and it is the sixth hutong in the east of Dongdan North Street, connecting Dongdan North Street and Chaoyangmen South Street from west to east, with a length of more than 7 meters. The south side of the hutong is connected with Xiehe Hutong.
in the Ming dynasty, it was called "Tangzi Hutong" (in the old Su-Hu dialect, brothels were called "Tangzi"); In Qing Dynasty, because of the same name as Tangzi Hutong in the north of Jinyu Hutong, this Tangzi Hutong was renamed Dongtangzi Hutong, and the other Tangzi Hutong was renamed Xitangzi Hutong. During the "Cultural Revolution", it was once renamed as "Twelve Ruijin Roads" and later renamed as "Dongtangzi Hutong".
The hutong contains the architectural remains of the Beijing cultural relics protection unit-the Premier's Office for National Affairs, which is now the reception station and dormitory of the Ministry of Public Security. "An Occasional Story of Heaven" reads: "The Prime Minister's yamen on national affairs is in Dongtangzi Hutong, so the university student Sai Shang A Di also." There is an original couplet in the courtyard: there are water, mountains and bamboo, and it is suitable for wind, rain and sunny. Sai Shang 'a, Zi Heting, Zhenglanqi, and Arute's family are the great grandfathers of Qigong, a master of contemporary Chinese studies. In the 21st year of Jiaqing, Qing Dynasty (1816), Sai Shang 'a was a juren. He was a bachelor of cabinet, a senior minister of Li Fan Yuan, and was awarded the rank of the first-class bodyguard. Finally, he was led and co-sponsored by the army. In the first year of Xianfeng (1851), he was convicted of repeated defeats in the battle with Taiping Army, and his mansion was also lost. The mansion of Saishang 'a in Xianfeng four years was changed to Tieqian Bureau Commune; In the eleventh year of Xianfeng, the Tieqian Bureau commune was changed to the Prime Minister's yamen for national affairs. "Shuntian Mansion Records" states: "This time, the Prime Minister's yamen is easy to take ... It is planned to modify the main gate as appropriate, and the rest will be slightly tidied up, so there is no need to make a new revision."
No.51 Dongtangzi Hutong, formerly known as No.21 Dongtangzi Hutong, is located on the north side of the middle section of Hutong, facing south, and is the west neighbor of the "Prime Minister's Office for International Affairs". The courtyard is the dormitory of the Chinese History Museum, which was purchased in 1952. It was originally a two-entry quadrangle with 26 tiled houses with a building area of 459 square meters and an open space area of 35 square meters. Now all the houses have been demolished and become the construction site.
Shen Congwen, a famous writer and expert in cultural relics research, has lived in this courtyard for nearly thirty years. When Shen Congwen moved in in 1953, he was allocated three rooms in the north courtyard near the east end: in the early days of the Cultural Revolution, Shen Congwen was fought, his home was copied, and two rooms were squeezed, and the whole family was squeezed into one room; In 1972, Shen Congwen's wife, Zhang Zhaohe, was assigned two rooms in the East Wing of Lamb Yibin Hutong No.3, and the husband and wife were separated by two places, about one kilometer apart. Shen Congwen, who was old and thin, had to run at both ends in the way of "eating in the east and staying in the west", eating at Lamb Yibin Hutong No.3 and continuing the research on "Chinese ancient clothing materials" at Dongtangzi Hutong No.51; In 198, Shen Congwen moved out from No.51 Dongtangzi Hutong and moved to a three-bedroom building at No.3 Qianmen East Street.
Shen Congwen (192-1988), a writer and expert on cultural relics, was born in Fenghuang, Hunan, and was a Miao nationality.
When Shen Congwen was a child, his surname michel platini named him Maolin. When he was a soldier in Xiangxi's indigenous army, Xiao Guanlin, the judge advocate general, quoted "Huanhu's articles" from The Analects of Confucius according to the word "Yue Huan", and also took the word "Chongwen" for him. Later, Shen Congwen changed "Chongwen" to "Congwen" and took the meaning of abandoning martial arts and following literature. Shen Congwen's works are abundant, including Collected Works of Shen Congwen, Research on Chinese Ancient Costume, Dragon and Phoenix Art, etc. Among them, local novels have great influence, such as Border Town, Long River and Essay Collection of Xiangxi, with beautiful language, natural and remote style, rich human feelings and customs. Shen Congwen also used dozens of pen names, such as: Hugh Yunyun, Zefan, Xiaobing, Feng Ge, Ru, Red and Black Old Man, Shangguanbi, etc. Mr. Lu Xun called Shen Congwen one of the "best writers since the beginning of the New Literature Movement". In his later years, Shen Congwen was nominated as a candidate for "Nobel Prize in Literature".
Shen Congwen was born in a military family, and his father, Shen Zongsi, was a long-term general of Luo Rongguang, the prefect of Dagu, Tianjin. After graduating from high school, he dropped out of school and joined a local army. According to the popular sayings of "pre-education" and "post-education", Shen Congwen's highest "pre-education" is only "graduation from high school". Therefore, Shen Congwen has always maintained a kind of simplicity and roughness. Mr. Ji Xianlin said, "When I was having dinner with Shen Congwen, I had to untie something tied tightly with hemp rope, and I just had to cut it gently with scissors or a knife to open it. However, Mr. Cong Wen grabbed it and just bit off the hemp rope with his teeth. This small move is a little rough, a little rough, a little wild, a little rustic, not elegant and not beautiful. However, it completely revealed Mr. Shen's personality. In the eyes of dignitaries and advanced Chinese, this is simply ridiculous and despicable. However, what I appreciate is this kind of energy. "
In 1923, 21-year-old Shen Congwen came to Beijing from Xiangxi. He said, "I started to enter a school where I will never graduate, and I will never learn that lesson." After coming to Beijing, Shen Congwen soon got into trouble. I can't go to college, I have nowhere to publish my work, and my hometown's funding has been interrupted. At the beginning of November 1924, Shen Congwen, who was in poverty, wrote a letter for help to Yu Dafu, who was teaching in Peking University at that time. At that time, Yu Dafu was also depressed and even depressed. Because he is quite famous in the literary world, he can only teach accounting in universities; He is unwilling to be lonely by nature, but he has to endure a marriage without love. Yu Dafu received a letter from Shen Congwen. He didn't believe there would be anyone worse off in this world. So he braved the snow to visit the strange young man.
Being rich can tempt people, while being poor can inspire people. When Yu Dafu saw Shen Congwen, who was still dreaming of literature in a coal shed in cold winter, he quickly took off his wool scarf and gave it to Shen Congwen. He also invited Shen Congwen to eat at the "Four Spring" restaurant near Xidan Archway, and gave the remaining three dollars to Shen Congwen. Later, Yu Dafu published "Disclosure to a Literary Youth" in the newspaper, which was unfair to Shen Congwen, and also introduced Shen Congwen to the editor-in-chief of the Morning Post Supplement. A month later, the Morning Post Supplement published Shen Congwen's first article, and Shen Congwen entered the literary world from then on. Moreover, it was out of control, and in just a few years, Shen Congwen was well-known in the literary world.
While Yu Dafu helped Shen Congwen, he also refreshed himself, found true love and ushered in the second spring of his career. Miao Heng, the author of "Who Fulfilled Who", commented: "Without Yu Dafu, Shen Congwen may die in another country; Without Shen Congwen, Yu Dafu may sink into life. In fact, they are fulfilling each other. " It can be said: give someone a rose and leave a lingering fragrance in your hand.
Shen Congwen took a road of self-study, relying on talent and diligence, and what made his talent and diligence fully play was his faithful love with Zhang Zhaohe. In fifty-five years, Zhang Zhaohe helped Shen Congwen to cross one ditch after another.
For example, on March 28th, 1949, Shen Congwen committed suicide due to mental breakdown and was rescued by the hospital. The reason is that in March 1948, Hong Kong's Popular Literature Series published Guo Moruo's Denying the Reactionary Literature and Art, and three articles, such as Opinions on the Current Literature and Art Movement (written by Quan Lin) and Feng Naichao's A Brief Comment on Shen Congwen's Bear Mansion, violently criticized Shen Congwen and other liberal writers, saying that they were "art for art's sake" and "big landlords and big landlords" Later, Peking University students also posted posters denouncing Shen Congwen and copied Guo Moruo's "Rejecting reactionary literature and art". Shen Congwen felt: "