Hankou kainian 1860. 1865, France built a consulate and its official residence in the British Concession (Wuhan's orientation: in addition to the southeast and northwest directions, it also indicated the direction of the Yangtze River, such as "going up" means going to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, "going down" means going to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and so on), which is the second consulate institution in Hankou after Britain. Thirty years later (1896), Hankou French Concession was established.
Original map of Hankou French Concession: It is located between the Russian Concession and the German Concession, starting from Jiang Yan Road in the south, reaching the Friendship Street block of Han Jing Railway in the north, reaching the western wall of the French Consulate Garden in Dongting Street in the west, and reaching the west block of Yiyuan Road in the east. Since then, Britain, Russia, France, Germany and Japan have successively demarcated the Chinese concession. According to historical records: "At that time, the old wall of Hankou had not been demolished, and this area was mostly puddles; After the concession was demarcated and the roads were cleared, it gradually prospered "-the city center moved from the bank of Hanshui River to the bank of the Yangtze River, and a" new Hankou "stood on the former wasteland swamp, which was the beginning of Wuhan's urban modernization.
A hundred years have passed. Today, I came to the middle and lower section of Dongting Street, a small, quiet and quiet street. On both sides of the street, there are almost all western-style buildings in the past century (except some buildings shamefully demolished by modern people, which I will mention immediately), office buildings or residential buildings (buildings and apartments), and there are tall magnolia trees, osmanthus trees and swaying branches in the garden surrounded by walls.
Standing on the street in front of the courtyard of the French Consulate General in Hankou, it seems to be an opening in just visiting. From here on, you will browse the French amorous feelings map of Old Hankou with me.
The courtyard of "No.865438 Dongting Street +0" (the residence of Wuhan government officials) is densely forested, with tree-lined roofs, gray granite walls, square cylindrical gatehouses, large arched windows and two-story balconies (now closed)-a small building with simple and elegant style, which has experienced a hundred years of wind and frost (188).
Walking about 65,438+000 meters along the street from the courtyard gate of the French Consulate is the official residence of the French Consulate, which is a small building with South Asian colonial style (now "No.87 Dongting Street", civil air defense office) with a building age of 65,438+035 (65,438+0865-65,438+0988). The architectural style is much more complicated than the consulate. Unfortunately, it was demolished in 1988 and converted into a square residential building with no style, which made passers-by cry.
Turn right at Dongting Street and walk out of Jiang Yan Road at the intersection of the station. Hankou Branch of France Oriental Credit Union Bank (built in 190 1) is bathed in autumn sunshine: beautiful red brick clear-water exterior walls, elegant arched doors and windows, the second floor and top floor surrounded by hollow cylindrical stone fences, and exquisite baroque carvings protruding from the walls and balconies-typical French classical architectural style (pictured). On the street of hankou road, the American Consulate General in Hankou (Russian Concession) is opposite the building-go down from the front of the French Consulate General in Korea (the Yangtze River flows), turn right from Dongting Street to Station Road and then to Road, and divide the concession line with the street center lines of two streets (Dongting Street and Station Road), one of which belongs to the French Concession and the other to the Russian Concession.
Turn left on Jiang Yan Road into Cai E Road, go straight and pass two famous old cinemas-Jiefang Cinema and the old "Central Grand Theatre"; Wuhan Cinema, the old "Hankou Star Cinema" —— In the first and middle period of the 20th century, Hollywood's black-and-white silent films and audio films accompanied Hankou citizens to spend their leisure time.
The Deming Hotel ("No.245 Shengli Street", now Jianghan Hotel) across the street from the two cinemas-an L-shaped building with pale yellow and white decorative walls, four snow-white Eliot columns supporting the arcade, and the long colonnade extending to the left garden (as shown in the figure)-was invested by the French businessman Sao Paulo and designed by the French Jew Stessen and his wife, and the design scheme was 196538.
To the north, Shengli Street, Yuefei Street and Cai E Road meet at Zhongshan Avenue in Hankou, forming a Yangtze River Delta block. Walking up from here, standing at the gate of Jinyuan Building and walking towards the river, it is a quiet residential area and office building; In the direction of Dazhimen Railway Station, there are noisy commercial areas (as shown in the picture: the old street view in front of Dazhimen Railway Station) and civilian residential areas-the construction of large-scale buildings in the French Concession began in the early 20th century: the French patrol house on the street of Zhongshan Avenue (built at 1902, the former site of today's "Jinyuan Building", which was originally a solid and beautiful ancient building and was rebuilt by bombing in the late 1980s). French Catholic Church near Chezhan Road (built in 19 10, gothic building, used for other purposes).
In addition to the above, other dignitaries and wealthy families have also come here to build mansions, such as Xiao Yaonan's house (formerly Zhongshan Avenue 1), now Chezhan Road Sub-district Office, as shown in the figure), Asia Foreign Firm and General Sales Office of Industrial and Commercial Assets (now Chezhan Road 10) and Yekaitai Pharmacy. Around these western-style mansions with neoclassical architectural style, large-scale "Shikumen" civilian houses have been built, such as Changnianli (pictured), Chandris, Tiansheng Street residential area and so on. Buildings have been built, alleys have been built, streets have been built, and shops, teahouses, restaurants and theaters (such as the Hankou Grand Stage and now the People's Theatre) along the street have also been built. The "natural stage" (later called "natural theater") is open-the commercial area and residential area are closely intertwined, so it is bustling, people come and go, feasting and orchestral music, and it has been busy for a hundred years. ......
Today, I walked up Zhongshan Avenue from Dongting Street, Jiang Yan Road, Cai E Road and Shengli Street, and then walked past Station Road, Haishou Street, Tiansheng Street and Friendship Street-past the "France" of old Hankou, old streets, old houses, new markets and new people. Every step is a landscape. ......
Note: The French Consulate in China was established in 1862, one year later than the British Consulate in China (186 1). The British Concession in Hankou was established in 186 1 year, and the French Concession was established in 1892, which was 30 years later than the British Concession for two reasons:
1. Since the Second Opium War in China's history, the French mainland has faced "internal troubles and foreign invasion": 1869 Paris riots, 18765438 Franco-Prussian War, 187 1 year Paris commune revolution (from historical data, It was not until 1873 that the Germans all withdrew from France. Since then, they have been fighting with Germany for nearly ten years. In addition, the domestic political situation changes frequently, and they still have no time to take care of China. By 1883, the domestic political situation was slightly stable, so Southeast Asia immediately became an important target of French overseas colonization. ...
Secondly, the overseas colonies that France was committed to at that time were: North Africa-including Algeria (see Camus' novel Plague) and Morocco (see the American film Casablanca); Southeast Asia-Vietnam (see Duras' novel Lover, French film Zina), and Cambodia (see French film Tiger Brother). So that I have no time to consider the interests of China territory for the time being.
/kloc-At the end of 0/9th century, the French colonies in South Asia were slightly stable. Looking back, the armies of Britain, Russia, Germany and Japan were all established in China, but France was certainly unconvinced. 1892, France and Russia divided the area in the blank space of the Anglo-German Concession in Hankou, so there appeared the funny situation that the Russian-French Concession Line I mentioned above was divided in the middle of a street. However, France still thought that the demarcation was too narrow, so it negotiated with the then China government, crossed Zhongshan Avenue, the boundary line of western concessions, and extended to the north of Hankou at 1902, with the goal of reaching Dazhimen Railway Station. Naturally, this is because of the Han Jing Railway, a traffic trunk line that runs through the north and south of China. On the old map of Hankou, only France has a railway to Han Jing in its concession.
As my above articles and pictures show, the establishment of the French Concession in 1892 and its expansion in 1902 played an important role in promoting the construction and development of modern Wuhan.