Su Shi was born in Meishan, Meizhou, on December 19, the third year of Emperor Renzong Jingyou’s reign in the Song Dynasty (January 8, 1037).
In the first year of Jiayou's reign (1056), Su Shi left Sichuan for the first time and went to Beijing to take part in the imperial examination. Su Xun took 21-year-old Su Shi and 19-year-old Su Che from the remote Xishu area eastward along the Yangtze River, and went to Beijing to take the exam in the second year of Jiayou (1057).
In the sixth year of Jiayou's reign (1061), Su Shi took the high school examination and was taught Dali to judge affairs. In the third year of Zhiping (1066), Su Xun died of illness. Brothers Su Shi and Su Che returned home with their coffins and observed mourning for three years.
In the fourth year of Xining (1071), Su Shi wrote a letter discussing the shortcomings of the new law. Wang Anshi was very angry, so he asked Xie Jing, the censor, to state Su Shi's faults in front of Shenzong. Su Shi then requested to serve in Beijing and was awarded the title of Tongpan of Hangzhou.
In the autumn of the seventh year of Xining (1074), Su Shi was transferred to Mizhou (Zhucheng in Shandong) as magistrate. From April of the tenth year of Xining (1077) to March of the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), he served as magistrate of Xuzhou.
In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), the 43-year-old Su Shi was transferred to the magistrate of Huzhou. After taking office, he immediately wrote a "Huzhou Express of Appreciation" to Shenzong, which was a routine matter.
But Su Shi is a poet, and his writing is often full of emotion. Even if it is official, he can't forget to add a personal touch, saying that he is "stupid and unfit for the times, and it is difficult to follow the newcomers" and "the old man may not cause trouble or can Shepherding the common people.”
These words were used by the New Party, saying that he "fooled the government and acted arrogantly," "carried resentment and anger," "criticized the public," and "harbored evil intentions." He also satirized the government, was reckless and rude, and was disrespectful to the emperor. Zhong, such a serious crime can be said to be worthy of death.
They picked out sentences from a large number of Su Shi's poems that they thought contained sarcastic meanings. For a time, there was a voice against Su Shi in the court.
Su Shi was demoted to the deputy envoy of Tuanlian in Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province). In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Su Shi left Huangzhou and went to Ruzhou to take up his post. Due to the long journey and exhaustion from the journey, Su Shi's infant died unfortunately.
In the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085), Zhezong of the Song Dynasty came to the throne. Empress Dowager Gao took charge of the government in the name of Zhezong's young age. Sima Guang was re-appointed as prime minister, and the new party headed by Wang Anshi was suppressed.
In the fourth year of Yuanyou (1089), Su Shi was appointed bachelor of Longtuge and knew Hangzhou. Since the West Lake has not been dredged for a long time, more than half of it has been silted up. "The flat lake in Kuangtai has been overgrown for a long time, and the people are still withering after years of prosperity." The lake gradually dried up and the lake was covered with weeds, which seriously affected agricultural production.
The second year after he came to Hangzhou, Su Shi led a crowd to dredge the West Lake, mobilized more than 200,000 migrant workers, fired Fengtian, restored the old view, and built three pagodas (today's Three Ponds Reflecting the Moon) in the deepest part of the lake as a symbol.
He gathered the excavated mud and built a long embankment across the West Lake. The embankment was connected by six bridges for the convenience of pedestrians. Later generations named it "Su Gong Embankment", or "Su Embankment" for short. ".
After Song Huizong came to the throne, Su Shi was successively transferred to Lianzhou resettlement, Shuzhou Tuanlian deputy envoy, and Yongzhou resettlement. In April of the third year of Yuanfu (1100), the imperial court issued an amnesty and Su Shi was reinstated as Chaofeng Lang.
On his way back north, Su Shi died in Changzhou (now Jiangsu) on July 28, the first year of Jingguo's reign (August 24, 1101) at the age of sixty-five.
Extended information:
Introduction to Su Shi's representative works:
1. "Niannujiao·Chibi Nostalgic"
Su Shi's representative work of bold lyrics one. By describing the magnificent scenery on the Moonlit River, paying homage to ancient battlefields, and recalling the talents, magnanimity, and achievements of famous figures, this poem tortuously expresses the author's sorrow and anger at having unappreciated talents, unfulfilled achievements, and unfulfilled achievements.
At the same time, it shows the author's broad-minded heart of paying attention to history and life. The whole poem borrows from ancient times to express feelings. It is powerful and desolate, majestic, powerful in writing, and has a grand realm. It integrates description of scenery, chanting history, and lyricism, giving people soul-shaking artistic power. It was once praised as "an ancient and modern masterpiece."
1. Original text
The great river goes eastward, and the waves are swept away, and there are romantic figures throughout the ages. Therefore, on the west side of the fortress, the human path is: Chibi, Zhou Lang of the Three Kingdoms. Rocks pierced through the sky, stormy waves crashed onto the shore, and thousands of piles of snow were rolled up. Picturesque, a moment how many hero.
I think back to Gong Jin’s time, when Xiao Qiao got married for the first time and looked majestic and handsome. Feather fans and silk scarves were used, and the oars and oars were turned into ashes while talking and laughing. My motherland wanders in my mind, I should laugh at my passion, and I will be born early. Life is like a dream, a statue returns to the moon.
2. Translation
The great river goes eastward, and the waves are swept away, and there are romantic figures throughout the ages. Therefore, on the west side of the fortress, the human path is: Chibi, Zhou Lang of the Three Kingdoms. Rocks pierced through the sky, stormy waves crashed onto the shore, and thousands of piles of snow were rolled up. Picturesque, a moment how many hero.
I think back to Gong Jin’s time, when Xiao Qiao got married for the first time and looked majestic and handsome. Feather fan and silk scarf, while talking and laughing, the rapist disappeared into ashes. My motherland wanders in my mind, I should laugh at my passion, and I will be born early. The world is like a dream, a bottle returns the moonlight over the river.
2. "Shui Tiao Ge Tou: When Will the Bright Moon Come"
It was written by Su Shi in Mizhou (now Zhucheng City, Shandong Province) during the Mid-Autumn Festival in 1076 AD (the ninth year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty). Made at the time.
This poem is based on the rise of the moon and the relationship between Su Che and his brother Su Che who have not seen each other for seven years. It revolves around the Mid-Autumn Festival and the bright moon, and incorporates the joys and sorrows of the world into the philosophy of life in the universe. In pursuit.
It reflects the author's complex and contradictory thoughts and feelings, and also shows the author's love for life and positive and optimistic spirit.
1. Original text
When will the bright moon appear? Ask the sky for wine. I wonder what year it is today in the palace in the sky? I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid that it will be cold in the high places. Dancing clear shadow, like in the world?
Turn to the Zhu Pavilion, where the Qihu is low and the light shines without sleep. There shouldn't be any hatred, so what's the point of saying goodbye? People have joys and sorrows, separations and reunions, and the moon waxes and wanes. This is a difficult thing in ancient times. I hope that people will live long and travel thousands of miles to meet Chanjuan.
2. Translation
When did the bright moon begin to appear? I picked up my wine glass and asked the sky. I don’t know what year or month it is tonight in the palace in the sky.
I want to ride the cool breeze back to the sky, but I am afraid that I cannot stand the cold for nine days in a building made of beautiful jade. Dancing gracefully and admiring the clear shadows under the moon, how does it feel like you are in the human world?
The moon turned around the vermilion pavilion and hung low on the carved windows, illuminating myself who was not sleepy. The bright moon shouldn't have any regrets for people, right? Why does it become full only when people leave?
People undergo changes in joys and sorrows, and the moon waxes and wanes. This kind of thing has been difficult to understand since ancient times. I just hope that all the loved ones in this world can be safe and healthy, and that they can enjoy this beautiful moonlight even if they are thousands of miles apart.
Baidu Encyclopedia——Su Shi