Cows, as ruminants, have four stomachs. The first three stomachs are all variations of the esophagus, which are the rumen, reticulum and omasum. Only the last abomasum is the abomasum.

1. Rumen: The rumen is the first of the four stomachs of cattle, also known as the "grass belly". It has a very strong ability to degrade fiber materials. Most of it is located on the left side of the abdominal cavity, almost Occupying the entire left side of the abdominal cavity, a small part is located on the right side of the abdominal cavity. As a unique digestive organ of cattle and other ruminants, the rumen plays an important role in their digestion process.

The rumen can be described as a natural fermentation tank, containing microorganisms such as bacteria, methanogens, fungi, protozoa and a small number of ciliates. The first stop after a cow eats feed is the rumen. The microorganisms there will initially decompose and digest it. In addition, the feed will be chewed and ground by ruminant. When the feed becomes chyme, it will enter the digestive organs below.

2. Reticulum: The reticulum is also called "honeycomb stomach" or "money belly", etc. It is located in the front of the rumen. In fact, the rumen and reticulum are not completely separated, so the feed (especially pellets) feed or other harder feed) can move freely between the two. There is honeycomb tissue on the reticulum, which functions like a sieve. Heavy objects eaten by the cow, such as stones, nails, wires, etc., will be stored in it.

3. The omasum: The omasum is also called the "double omasum" or "louver". It is the third stomach of cattle. It is located on the right side of the front of the abdominal cavity. It is connected to the reticulum in front and the abomasum in the back. , which has the function of connecting the previous and the following. The mucosal surface of the omasum forms many lobes of varying sizes, whose main function is to retain the rough parts of the food for further grinding and transport the thinner parts to the abomasum, while absorbing large amounts of water and acid.

4. The abomasum: The bovine abomasum is often called the "abomastia". It is the fourth stomach of the cow and the only stomach with digestive glands that can secrete digestive enzymes. It has a real sense. of digestion. The abomasum can digest and absorb some proteins, but basically cannot digest and absorb fat, cellulose and starch.

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Extended information:

ox Diseases prone to occur in the stomach

1. Long and sharp heavy objects in the reticulum may puncture the reticulum and induce traumatic reticulopericarditis. Feed clean and free of foreign matter. Feed can avoid the occurrence of this disease to a large extent. When cattle have symptoms such as acute or chronic forestomach laxity, periodic rumen flatulence, indigestion, traumatic pericarditis or myocarditis, it is necessary to consider that there is foreign matter in the reticulum, and the foreign matter can be removed through gastric lavage or ruminal iron extraction.

2. The omasum is particularly prone to obstruction, also known as "leaf stem". The incidence rate is often higher in winter and spring. The main cause of the disease is long-term feeding of powdery feed, inferior feed, and Contains a lot of sediment, or lack of drinking water, etc. In the early stage of the disease, affected cattle have loss of appetite, slow rumination, reduced belching, dry nose, and weakened rumen peristaltic sounds.

3. Ulcers are more likely to occur in the abomasum. The main causes are related to excessive acidity of the feed, autodigestive disorders or other reasons that stimulate the abomasum for a long time. This disease can occur in both adult cattle and calves. Its symptoms include anorexia, abdominal pain, black feces and digestive dysfunction. In severe cases, abomasal perforation or hemorrhagic anemia may occur.

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