Makou Town Government of Hanchuan City is located in Makou, with a population of 80,278 and an area of 58. 1 km2. It has jurisdiction over 6 neighborhood committees and 36 village committees including Xinzheng Street, Zengjiawan, Xu Jialing, Shitou Road, 35O9, Ding, Yingshan, Qiu Zi Nao, Aojia, Songlin, Eighth Five-Year Kiln, Zhou Hu, Jinhe, Makou, Yao Xin, Xinzhuang, Gaoshan, Gaomiao, Guanshan, Zaoshu, Yanshan and Five Blessingg. Makou Town, Hanchuan City is adjacent to Wuhan, and it is named Hanchuan because the Hanjiang River, the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, flows through the territory. Makou is really old. In this small town near the Han River, the ancestors of the late Yunmengze lived here and created civilization. The earliest name of Makou is Ximakou, which is said to be because the terrain of Makou is like a fine horse lying by the river. There is a clear spring flowing out of Makou all the year round on the ridge, and the locals are excited when they see the scene, so it is called Ximakou. During the Three Kingdoms period, Guan Yu went down from Jingzhou to Hanyang, and after washing horses, the army rested here. Guan Yu led the horse to the river to drink water, tied it to a big stone at the horse washing mouth, and led the army to leave at dawn the next day. After Guan Yu left, people here were proud of Guan Yu's verbal tying of horses, and the horse washing mouth was changed to the horse mouth. In the old streets of Makou, the local elders told me that Makou used to be related to the Confucian Temple, near the Han River not far from Makou, and now it is also related to the names of the Holy Brigade and Guan Sheng Village. This is an ancient and prosperous water town, with Hanshui River in the north and Makou Lake in the south. Makou is only 45 kilometers away from Wuhan, and it benefits from the Hanshui River. Developed traffic has brought prosperity to Makou's commerce and trade. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Wuhan fell, and Makou once became the rear area with prosperous business, so it was called "Little Hankou". At that time, Makou, like Hankou, also had the bustling Hanzheng Street. Because it is located on the Hanshui River, the locals call it Zheng Jie or Laojie. In sunny spring, accompanied by Xiong He, Minister of Propaganda Department of Hanchuan County Committee, and Rao, Director of Zhenwei Office, I walked into the old street. The town of 8 1 year old is an old resident here. He told me that the street in the old street was originally a stone road paved with bluestone, which was donated by an official surnamed Chen in the Qing Dynasty after he retired and returned to his hometown. At that time, Qingshi Road in Makou extended from main street to horizontal street and back street, which was about two or three miles long. This is the first slate street in Hanchuan County and the longest slate street in Hanchuan. Walking on the stone road, I don't feel hot in summer, and I don't worry about getting my shoes wet in rainy days. In the 1980s, the old streets in Makou became cement pavements, but the slate road is still a beautiful and long-lasting memory of the old residents in Makou. At the end of the old street, I only saw a few stone slabs, which, though very inconspicuous, are the most authentic historical testimony of the old stone slab street. Witnessed the scenery of Makou and those old houses. In Makou Old Street, there are at least five or six old houses over a hundred years old. From the outside, these houses are really old, but when I walked in and saw the deep patio, wooden walls, ceilings and carved flowers on doors and windows, I felt the massiness of history. In an old house with two patios, I saw a broken rectangular stone strip engraved with a zigzag pattern. Although it is broken in the middle, you can still see the exquisiteness and age of the sculpture. The old man in the town told me that these old houses were oil mills in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, and what we saw was Wang Oil Mill. There are six rooms in Wangyoufang, which is one of the largest oil mills. As the main oil processing base in Hanchuan, there are at most 14 private oil mills in Makou Laojie, and there are more than 200 people engaged in oil extraction industry, with a daily output of 35 tons of edible oil. From here, Makou's ground sesame oil floats along the Yangtze River and Han River, which is one of the famous time-honored products in Makou. Makou people miss Makou's time-honored brand, and Pan Tongchun's bean paste. According to the town, Pan Tongchun was a native of Jiangsu and came to do business in the late Qing Dynasty. Pan Tongchun first opened a grocery store in Makou, but in the end he became famous for pickles and cakes. When Pan Tongchun's business was booming, he opened nine branches in Hubei, including Hankou. Pan Tongchun has been operating in Makou for more than 100 years, and the reputation of the time-honored brand is deeply rooted among the local people. Times have changed, Pan Tongchun's descendants have already left Makou, and only the factory building is still in the old street. This is a two-story masonry building next to the Hanjiang levee, and the handwriting "State-owned Pan Tongchun" on the lintel has been blurred. We walked along the stone road and found a hole in the house, which was very open. Ask the current owner to know that the area of Pan's house is 2 170 square meters. Because most of them are empty, the old house looks a little desolate, but the momentum of the house is still there. Those vats with a diameter of more than 1 m silently tell the prosperity and glory of Pan Tongchun. Walking in the old street of Makou, you will see some broken pots and pans piled up in front of the house from time to time. This is also a major feature of Makou. There is a saying in Hanchuan: Makou's courtyard wall-rotten altar (talk). The original meaning of this sentence means that the courtyard walls of Makou residential buildings are made of discarded crocks. Makou's courtyard walls are full of rotten altars, which is closely related to Makou's ceramic industry. According to Hanchuan County Records, Makou's ceramic industry began in Qin Long period of Ming Dynasty (1567- 1573). At the end of the Qing Dynasty, two or three thousand people in Makou made pottery for a living. During the Republic of China, there were at most 36 dragon kilns around the New Makou Kiln. Makou ceramics takes local clay as raw material, with fine and dense soil, acid and alkali resistance and durable products, which are deeply loved by people. Makou ceramics are the most commonly used daily necessities, such as pots, basins, bowls, altars, pots, stoves and so on. , which belongs to typical folk ceramics. Makou pottery is famous for its wide variety, fine workmanship, low price and good quality. It not only meets the needs of farmers in Shiliba Township, but also relies on the Hanjiang Golden Waterway to sell to all parts of the country. After liberation, the Eight Immortals Altar in Makou was selected as the teaching material of ceramic art department in colleges and universities, and its popularity in the whole country was extremely high. The "old kiln worker" in Makou relishes the "pickle jar" painted with stories such as "Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon" and won the gold medal in the international exposition. Now, "Makou Kiln" has become the object of Taobao and collection by collectors all over the country, and the saying "Makou courtyard wall-rotten altar (talk)" has also become a witness to the prosperity of Makou ceramic industry. At the end of Makou Old Street, it is the main dike of the Han River. Makou is the most curved section of the Han River, but now standing on the riverbank, I can't see the meandering Han River. 1983, the Bayi levee near Makou was washed away by the Han River, and the river was cut straight for 5 kilometers, and the Han River diverted northward. At that time, there were many sailboats and bustling shops on the banks of Makou Old Street, which gradually became history. With the aura of mountains and rivers, talents come forth in large numbers. 19110 June10, Wuchang Shouyi broke out in 1911, which shocked China and foreign countries. The earliest responders to Wuchang Shouyi were Liang, Liang Yaohan and Liang of Hanchuan Revolutionary Party. Liang's three brothers are all human. Hanchuan County Records records that on the second day of Wuchang Shouyi in 19 1 1, Liang and others were leading an uprising team of more than 65,438+10,000 people and headed straight for Hanchuan County. The magistrate surrendered and Hanchuan Uprising succeeded. That night, the Hanchuan branch of Hubei military government was established, and Ren Liang was the commander-in-chief of the branch, which was also the first local military government in Hubei province. Liang's two younger brothers, Liang Yaohan and Liang, later died for the revolution. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Liang was employed as a librarian of the Provincial Museum of Literature and History, and died at 1959. Of course, the Liang brothers are not the only outstanding figures. Wei, member of provincial party committee, secretary of Wuchang Municipal Party Committee, 65438-0928, native. Hu Sha, a native of Jinhe, Makou, was the director of China Pingju Theatre after liberation. Song Yang, a musician whose song "Reading Lang" has been sung so far, is also from Makou. Makou also has provincial Lima Kou Middle School and private Yaohan Middle School, which have trained many talents for Hanchuan and even Hubei. There is also a kind of enjoyment in Makou people's daily life, that is, listening to "good books", also known as Hanchuan good books, was the most popular before liberation, when Makou was the dissemination center of Hanchuan good books. The theme of a good book is to punish evil and promote good. The name of the person who speaks good books is Mr. Wang. He told vivid and tortuous stories in an infectious tone, which fascinated the audience. In Makou Village, whenever a village "speaks a good book", the surrounding farmers will have dinner early to catch up with reading. The disseminator of Hanchuan's good books is Wang Haiyuan, 1886, a storyteller born in Makou. Wang Haiyuan preached good books all his life, which promoted the spread of good books around the Han River. Before liberation, the good books of Hanchuan, the drums of Huang Xiao and the fishing drums of Tian Mian entered Wuhan together, which was called "Three Flowers Entering Han" and was sung in the streets and lanes of Wuhan and the lives of ordinary people. "Feng shui beauty, dragon and white tiger play horse mouth. Low pond fat fish high lake lotus root, lotus moon reunion Bailiang wine. " This is a poem written by a scholar in Makou. This poem sums up the culture of the ancient town of Makou and tells the special cuisine of Makou. Businessmen from all over the country who came to Makou in those days should first try the white sorghum wine here, eat the fat fish in the low lake and the lotus root in the high lake. There are many fish in a horse's mouth, and fish can cook hundreds of kinds of fish dishes. It is a custom in Makou to stew soup with lotus root in Gaohu Lake, and lotus root moon cakes are good gifts for people in Makou.