each has its own merits. Tokyo is a modern metropolis, and Kyoto is antique. Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is a modern international city. It is located at the southern end of the Kanto Plain in Honshu. It has jurisdiction over 23 special zones, 27 cities, 5 towns, 8 villages, Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands, with a total area of 2,155 square kilometers and a population of 12.54 million. It is one of the most populous cities in the world. More than 511 years ago, Tokyo was a small fishing town with a sparse population, which was then called Edo. In 1457, a military commander named Ota Daoguan built Edo City here. Since then, it has become the commercial center of kanto region. In 1613, Japan established a centralized Tokugawa shogunate, where people from all over Japan gathered, and Edo City quickly developed into the political center of the country. According to records, at the beginning of the 9th century, the population of Edo has exceeded one million. In 1868, after the Meiji Restoration in Japan, the emperor moved here from Kyoto and changed Edo to Tokyo, which became the capital of Japan. In 1943, the Japanese government issued a decree to change Tokyo into Tokyo, expanding its jurisdiction. Pedestrians on the bustling streets of Tokyo Tokyo is the political center of Japan. Administrative, legislative, judicial and other state organs are concentrated here. Xiaguan, which is known as Guanting Street, is home to the National Assembly Hall, the Supreme Court, and government agencies affiliated to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, and the Ministry of Education. In the past, Edo City has now become Miyagi, where the Emperor lived. Tokyo is also the economic center of Japan. Major Japanese companies are concentrated here. Most of them are distributed in Chiyoda District, Central District and Port Area. Tokyo, Yokohama in the south and Chiba in the east are isomorphic to form the famous Keihin Leaf Industrial Zone in Japan. The main industries are steel, shipbuilding, machine building, chemical industry, electronics, leather, motor, fiber, petroleum, publishing, printing and precision instruments. Tokyo's financial industry and commerce are developed, and its internal and external business activities are frequent. Ginza, known as the "heart of Tokyo", is the most prosperous business district in the area. The scenery of the famous Shinjuku district in Tokyo at sunset, and the silhouette of Mount Fuji can be seen in the distance. Tokyo is also the cultural and educational center of Japan. Various cultural institutions are dense, including 81% publishing houses and large-scale and advanced national museums, western art galleries and national libraries. Universities located in Tokyo account for one-third of the total number of universities in Japan, and students studying in these universities account for more than half of the total number of college students in China. As an international metropolis, Tokyo often hosts various international cultural exchange activities, such as Tokyo Music Festival and Tokyo International Film Festival. The transportation in Tokyo is very convenient. The Shinkansen, which can reach 211 kilometers per hour, extends from Tokyo to Kyushu and to the northeast. The subway can reach almost all important areas. Railway, highway, aviation and shipping form a transportation network extending in all directions, leading to the whole country and all over the world. On March 4th, 1979, Tokyo and Beijing became sister cities. Kyoto, the ancient historical capital of Japan, the center of Buddhism, the sacred place of Shinto, the cradle of culture and art, a famous tourist city, and the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, is located in the middle and west of Honshu Island, in the north of Kyoto Basin, only 5 kilometers east of Lake Biwa, the largest lake in Japan, surrounded by mountains on three sides, with mild climate and abundant rainfall, lush trees in the urban area and exceptionally green fields in the suburbs. There are more than 1111 temples, 61 gardens and three palaces in Kyoto. The temples, palaces and imperial gardens are distributed on both sides of the undulating streets, which are scattered and orderly, and complement each other, so that Kyoto maintains a rich ancient capital style. Kyoto has shown the beauty of its "harmony" style to the world with its long history, cultural style, elegant scenery and unique quiet atmosphere throughout the city. Kyoto, a thousand-year-old ancient capital, was formerly known as Ping An Jing. From Emperor Kanmu, heian period, which made Kyoto its capital in 794 AD, to Edo (now Tokyo) in 1869, Kyoto was the only thousand-year-old ancient capital in Japanese history. The exquisite and meticulous culture and landscape of Kyoto have always been a symbol of Japanese culture. Among Japanese cities, Kyoto is most deeply influenced by China's history and folk customs. Its urban construction imitates Luoyang and Chang 'an in ancient China. Even now, "coming to Kyoto" is called "entering Los Angeles" by the Japanese. The five parts in the southeast, northwest and middle of Kyoto are also commonly called "Luodong", "Luonan", "Luoxi", "Luobei" and "Luozhong". "Luo" means Luoyang, which means "the capital of a country, the center of a state". Kyoto Imperial House Kyoto Imperial House is the old imperial palace in Japan, also known as the Forbidden City. From the time Nara moved its capital to the time it moved out during the Meiji Restoration, it was the residence of emperors for more than 1,111 years, and later became the palace of emperors. Kyoto Palace, located in the Shangjing District of Kyoto, was burned seven times before and after. Now the palace is rebuilt by Emperor Xiaoming, with an area of million square meters and surrounded by walls. There are 9 famous houses, 11 halls and 19 halls, and pine and cypress trees alternate with each other in the palace courtyard, with plum blossoms reflecting each other. Jingu Temple Jingu Temple was originally the villa of saionji, a minister. It was owned by General ashikaga yoshimitsu in the 4th century. After ashikaga yoshimitsu's death, according to his last words, it was changed to Zen Temple and named rokuonji. The Golden Pavilion Temple is a three-story building, and the outer walls of the second and third floors are pasted with gold foil. From a distance, it looks glittering, hence the name "Golden Pavilion Temple". The three-storey Golden Pavilion Temple symbolizes the styles of different times: the first floor is heian period, the second floor is Kamakura, and the third floor is the style of Zen Buddhism Hall. The tail of the tower is decorated with a phoenix made of gold and copper, which is a must. In front of the temple is a garden centered on Jinghu Lake Pool, and the magnificent golden pavilion reflected in Jinghu Lake Pool is a representative landscape of Kyoto. Silver Pagoda Silver Pagoda is located at the foot of the Dongshan Mountain in Kyoto. In 1482, it was built by Ashikaga Yoshimasa, the grandson of ashikaga yoshimitsu, in the shape of the Golden Pavilion Temple, which is just as famous as the Golden Pavilion Temple. Silver Pagoda was originally a villa. When it was built, it was planned to decorate the outer wall with silver foil, but it was not plated with silver foil when it was completed. It was renamed Cizhao Temple, commonly known as Silver Pagoda. Silver Pagoda is an exquisite two-story attic: the first floor is called the Heart-empty Hall, with a living style for meditation and monasticism; The second floor, called Chaoyin Pavilion, is a Zen Buddhist temple dedicated to Guanyin Bodhisattva. Silver Pagoda, as the representative of Dongshan culture in Muromachi era, enjoys a good reputation in both Kyoto and Japanese garden architecture. Silver Pagoda is a combination of traditional residence and temple architecture, which echoes the surrounding garden scenery, reflects its unique purity and elegance, and forms a sharp contrast with the gorgeous luxury of Jinge Temple. Kiyomizu Temple The Kiyomizu Temple, also located at the foot of Dongshan Mountain, is the oldest temple in Kyoto. It was built in 798 A.D. and was built by Master Ci 'en. The present Kiyomizu Temple was rebuilt in the Tokugawa Ieyasu era in 1633. Kiyomizu Temple is a beam-type temple, which was built earlier than Jingu Temple. The main hall was built on the edge of a cliff, and the first half was a suspended "stage", supported by 139 tall logs below, reaching tens of meters. The temple is beautifully built and the structure is very ingenious, without using a nail. Otoha Waterfall in Kiyomizu Temple flows downstream from the cliff next to the temple, and the water is clear and continuous all year round. It is listed as the first of the top ten famous waters in Japan, hence the name of Kiyomizu Temple. According to legend, the waterfall spring water is very effective for diseases, and there are long-handled water scoops in the temple for visitors to drink. This temple, which covers an area of 1.3 million square meters, has a winding path and trees. In spring and autumn, it is a good place to watch cherry blossoms and maple leaves. West Honganji West Honganji is the largest temple in Kyoto, magnificent and magnificent, and its architecture preserves the style of China's prosperous Tang Dynasty and Song and Yuan Dynasties. Among them, the "Tangmen", which is listed as a national treasure, is carved with lions in the Tang Dynasty on the front and stories about the demise of Yao and Shun in ancient China on the side. There are many ancient paintings of China in the Black Academy, the White Academy and the Hall of Zhao Xian in the temple. Nijo Castle Nijo Castle is the residence of the shogun in Kyoto. There is a luxurious room inside, which is full of calligraphy and paintings, and the gold foil plated on the paintings shines. Through the huge front door beautifully carved and ornately decorated, there are a series of interview rooms. The first hall is decorated with colorful paintings and the ceiling is decorated with flat-topped panels. The inner hall is used to receive senior officials. The decoration here is more exquisite and more expensive. The corridor is paved with a "warbler's voice" floor. Walking on it will make a Oriole-like sound to prevent outsiders from invading. Thirty-two halls Thirty-two halls were built by Pingqingsheng in 1164 AD, once burned down, and then rebuilt in 1266. The name of the 32 halls is named after the main hall is separated by 32 columns. In the main hall of 32 halls, which is about 121 meters long, centered on a seated statue of Guanyin with thousands of hands in the center of the main hall, 1111 statues of Guanyin with thousands of different poses, lifelike and different expressions are neatly lined up along both sides, resplendent and magnificent, which is also the most famous place of the 32 halls. Lanshan Lanshan is located in the northwest of Kyoto. It is a place to watch cherry blossoms and maple leaves, and there is Guishan Park at the foot of the mountain. Every autumn, the pines and cypresses on Lanshan Mountain are lined with red leaves, giving people a bright and warm feeling. Premier Zhou Enlai studied in Japan when he was young, visited Lanshan many times, and wrote the famous poem Lanshan in the Rain-Kyoto, Japan. In April, 1979, Premier Zhou Enlai's poem tablet was built in Kameyama Park beside the Dayan River at the foot of Lanshan Mountain. The poem tablet was made of the famous stone "pommel horse stone" in Kyoto. The tablet is engraved with the full text of the poem to commemorate Premier Zhou Enlai's outstanding contribution to enhancing Sino-Japanese friendship. Kyoto "sacrifices" Kyoto, a checkerboard city designed to imitate Chang 'an. Every lane has a thousand-year tradition. Sacrifice is also a major feature of Kyoto, an ancient cultural capital. After thousands of years of history, it has been passed down to this day and has become a part of Kyoto people's lives. Throughout the year * * * there are festivals such as sunflower festival, garden festival, pommel horse fire festival, Tanabata festival and times festival, especially the garden festival, which is one of the three major festivals in Japan. In ancient times, the sunflower festival mentioned the festival, which refers to the sunflower festival. Originally known as He Mao Festival, it originated in the 6th century AD. Later, when the festival was held, sunflower leaves were decorated on horses and cattle, cars of nobles and clothes of believers, so it was slowly renamed as Kwai Festival. Among the three major festivals in Kyoto, it has the longest history and quite elegant style. Garden Festival The most lively place in Kyoto in summer is the Garden. In the month from July, various traditional sacrifices and celebrations continued, which is the "Garden Festival", one of the three major festivals in Kyoto. This festival originated in 869 AD, because infectious diseases were prevalent at that time, and it was held in order to pray for God's blessing to drive away diseases, and it has been handed down ever since. In the past, the garden used to be a romantic place, where a large number of geisha and maiko haunt, and the food here is also the most authentic and delicious in Kyoto. In the 28th year of Meiji (1895), to commemorate the 1111th anniversary of the founding of the capital of Ping 'an, the Temple of Peace was established and a grand ceremony was held. The festival of the times is to show the cultural relics and customs of each era in a parade. The memorial day is October 22, which is based on the date when Emperor Kanmu entered Ping An Jing (Kyoto). On the same day, a ceremony of offering sacrifices to the gods was held in the Peace Shrine, and the "phoenix-like deities" with deities were placed, and they moved from the Shrine to the "An Zai Suo" in Kyoto Palace. Along the way of "returning to the imperial palace" of this "lucky column", there are custom ranks for decoration. The total number of people in various customs ranks is about 2111, and the length of the ranks is about 2 kilometers. It takes about one and a half hours to pass through.

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