Putian longan planting has a long history, which began in the Han Dynasty more than two thousand years ago. According to Zuo Taichong's "Shu Du Fu", "There are dragons on the side and lychees on the side. Longan is only distributed in central Fujian and southern Guangdong. " According to the inscription written by Huang Tao for Lingyan Temple in Huangshan Mountain, the cultivation and processing techniques of longan in Dongfeng Temple in Putian County, such as high grafting, seedling grafting, variety selection and longan drying, are in a leading position in the country. Putian City is one of the national key longan production bases, with 1999. The city's longan area is nearly10.2 million hectares, with a production area of 0.6 million hectares. It is estimated that the annual output is about 30,000 tons, of which 1.8 million tons is used for baking, and 600,000-700,000 tons of "Xinghua dried longan" products can be processed.

Putian longan has bred many varieties and excellent quality because of its unique cultivation area. There are more than 80 varieties in the city, which is the highest in the country. Putian is located in the northern edge of the suitable longan cultivation area in China, with abundant sunshine, moderate rainfall and large temperature difference between day and night, which is conducive to the accumulation of soluble solids (mainly sugar). Therefore, the flavor of Xinghua longan is sweeter than other producing areas, and many excellent varieties have been cultivated. Putian longan is characterized by large fruit, high yield and high soluble solid content (that is, high sugar content). "Shuinan 1" and "Youyi 106" have reached the national first-class longan standard and are in a leading position in China. "Songfengben" and "beginning of winter Ben" are favored for their late maturity. The main cultivars, Wulongling, Youguanben, Shuinan 1, Songfengben and beginning of winter Ben, matured from mid-August to mid-kloc-0/0, with an average fruit weight of 13- 19g and a yield of 65-72%.

Putian dried longan processing technology has been passed down from generation to generation, which is unique. "Xinghua longan orange" has a long-standing reputation for its large particles, orange yellow, round shell, crystal flesh, easy peeling and sweet taste. It has been exported to Southeast Asia, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Anhui in history.

Longan is not only a nutritious fruit, but also has medicinal value. There are many beautiful legends in history. According to Xinghua County Records, Song succeeded to the throne in August of the following year, and the queen was in poor health, and the doctor was helpless. Just as Xinghua paid tribute to longan and went to Beijing, the queen took a bite and suddenly felt drooling, and then she could swallow it and walk. The queen's body recovered, and she was given a good name "Guiyuan", which has been passed down to this day. It is also said that longan is superior to many fruits, unique and absolutely beautiful. Modern medical and nutritional analysis has proved that longan and its products, such as dried longan, longan meat, longan paste and longan sauce, have the effects of stimulating appetite, invigorating spleen, tonifying deficiency and improving intelligence, nourishing blood and calming the nerves. Dried longan can be used as a good product to treat weakness, anemia, neurasthenia and postpartum blood deficiency. The medical value of longan was recorded as early as in the Classic of Materia Medica: "Longan is sweet in taste, flat in nature and non-toxic. It is mainly used for treating the five internal organs, calming the mind and calming the nerves, strengthening the body and improving intelligence after long-term service, strengthening the body and knowing the gods". Li Shizhen also mentioned in Compendium of Materia Medica: "Longan can stimulate appetite, strengthen spleen, tonify deficiency and improve intelligence." According to Okura, a Japanese medical expert, longan meat also contains crude protein, vitamin K( 196.5mg/ 100g pulp) and inorganic salts, which is very beneficial to human health. Regarding the second anti-aging natural food in China, relevant experts pointed out: "Longan and Polygonum multiflorum are both anti-aging natural foods." Experiments in the Japanese medical community have proved that "longan has a strong anti-cancer effect, and its efficacy is no less than that of the anti-cancer drug vincristine."

loquat

There are more than 65.438 million loquat varieties in Putian, mainly including Jiefangzhong, Changhong No.3, Puxuan 1, Zaozhong No.6 and Pak Lei. The single fruit weight is the highest in China (the largest single fruit weight in Jie Fangbei is 65,438+072g, which is the highest in the world). The existing area of the city is 1. 1.000 hectares, with a production area of 0.5 million hectares and an annual output of over 30,000 tons. Sold to large and medium-sized cities across the country.

"Jiefangzhong" loquat is selected from the embroidered clothes "Dazhong" in Yinglong Street, Chengxiang District, Putian City, Fujian Province, which actually changed its smell and was named after it was discovered during the liberation of Putian in 1949. Its maximum single fruit weight can reach172g, and it won the gold medal in the international agricultural exposition held in West Germany from 65438 to 0954, so it is known as the "king of loquat". "Jiefangzhong" loquat tree has strong growth, strong branches, strong resistance, good fruiting habits, high yield, inverted or long inverted oval fruit (pear-shaped), orange-red peel, easy peeling, medium thickness and storage and transportation resistance; The average fruit weight is 70-80 grams. According to Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the pulp thickness is 0.93cm, the edible rate is above 7 1.46%, the soluble solid1-kloc-0/2%, the acid content is 0.5 1%, and the vitamin is 65.72mg/65433.

In recent years, "Jiefangzhong" loquat has been widely popularized in the whole city because of its large fruit, high yield, stable yield, high quality and high efficiency. Its cultivation area accounts for more than 6.5438+0.60 million mu of loquat in the city, and its output accounts for more than 60%. There are also introduced plants (about 30 thousand mu) inside and outside the province, which perform well. I avoid breeding more than 50,000 grafted seedlings of "Liberation Bell" for popularization and planting every year.

lychee

Litchi in Putian began in the Tang Dynasty, and the Book of Litchi by Cai Xiang in the Northern Song Dynasty called Xinghua Litchi the most peculiar. Its taste is sweet, hard core rate is high, and it has the effect of quenching thirst and nourishing. When Mr. Guo Moruo visited Putian in the early 1960s, he wrote the poem "Litchi is everywhere in Licheng" and praised the Litchi in Putian. Excellent varieties include "Chen Zi", "Song Jiaxiang" and "Zhuangyuanhong".

Putian, also known as Licheng, is famous for its variety, high yield and excellent quality. Among them, Chenzi is a famous fine variety in this province, with round top, purple shell, rich and juicy meat, sweet and refreshing. At the beginning of this century, it crossed the ocean and was introduced to the southern States of the United States and ancient countries.

Litchi is related to dried litchi, which has been sold to Southeast Asia and Arabia.

Dewey Wendan pomelo

Putian honey pomelo, also known as "Wendan pomelo", is a delicious fruit suitable for both eating and drinking. It was once listed as a tribute by the Qing Dynasty. The fruit has excellent quality, fragrant smell, tender juice, moderate sour and sweet taste, good taste and unique flavor. It was called "seedless honey pomelo" after being tasted by President Li Xiannian.

Wendan pomelo is a famous and precious fruit. In the late Qing Dynasty, Wu, the grandfather of Kengwei Natural Village near Duweitan, planted a high-quality grapefruit and then spread it to neighboring villages by high pressure. 1949 The output of Wendan pomelo has reached 2500 kg. Because Wendan pomelo is parthenocarpic, the fruit is seedless, crisp and sweet. /kloc-in October, when Li Xiannian, then president, visited Fujian, he tasted it and named it "Dewey seedless honey pomelo". 1980 The total planting area of the county is only 198 mu, and the output is only eight tons. 1983 was identified as an excellent variety of pomelo by Fujian Science and Technology Committee, and was also identified as an excellent variety of pomelo by the Ministry of Agriculture, China Academy of Sciences and China Institute of Botany. 1992 The planting area of Wendan pomelo in the county reached 248 1 mu, with an annual output of 1050 tons. Longhua, Daji, Laidian and Bangtou have also been introduced. At present, the planting area of Tuwei Wendan pomelo has reached more than 50 thousand mu, which has begun to take shape.