The Lion City was mainly inhabited by Malays in the early days, and its earliest literature records originated from the 3rd century AD in China. In the 14th century, China called Singapore "Temasek" in the Ming Dynasty. In the 7th century, Singapore was called "Temasek", which was the trade center of the ancient Sumatra Empire-Srivastava Dynasty. By the 13th century, Singapore had a new name-Singapore, which means "City of Lions". It is said that when the prince of Pakistan, Sonny Rautama, visited Singapore, he saw a beast with a lion's head, so he took it as his name, and the new name has been used ever since. In the 14th century, Singapore became a battleground for military strategists from neighboring countries, but there was no big winner in the war. However, Singapore's society and people were deeply hurt. Singapore was abandoned by other countries, and its houses were completely destroyed. For a time, it turned into a desolate jungle, and it was not until the 17th century that Singapore made new development. Singapore is a fairly young country, and it has only been 35 years since the formal establishment of the Republic of China. There are few historical materials left in Singapore. Residents have been living on the sea, engaged in fishing trade, and of course many people have become pirates. In ancient times, Singapore was called "Haicheng". It is said that during the 13th to 16th century, there was a dynasty named Magabado in Southeast Asia, which probably ruled Singapore at that time. In the imperial colony in 1811, 1 Malays took root here under the leadership of its leader Tian Myanmar Gang. Eight years later, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles from England landed on the banks of Singapore. Sir Raffles, who had a unique vision, thought that although pirates were rampant around Singapore, it was an ideal British overseas trade base. Raffles then gradually built Singapore into a free port. Before Sir Raffles landed in Singapore, it was indeed a small fishing village with weeds and obscurity. Raffles arrived here by boat and found that the geographical position here is very special and has great development potential, so he chose to set up the overseas trade center of the British Empire here and adopted free trade measures to attract businessmen from Asian countries, the Middle East and even America to engage in maritime trade. By 1824, the population of Singapore had rapidly increased from 15 to 1,, which laid a solid foundation for its future development and proved that it was indeed an important port for exchanges between the East and the West. On December 7, 1941, Japan raided Pearl Harbor in the United States, and the Pacific War broke out. Only a few hours later, Japan spread the war to Southeast Asia, and the 25th Japanese Army stationed in zhina Peninsula began to attack Malaya and Singapore. Singapore is the choke point from the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean, and also the main target of the Japanese attack. In order to protect this strategic location, Churchill sent two battleships, the Prince of Wales and the Enemy, to Singapore. In addition, Britain has symbolically distributed ammunition and weapons to the local Chinese and Indian communities. Before, almost no one regarded Singapore as their home, but now it is different. On December 7th and 8th, the Japanese army landed in Kela Isthmus and Godabalu, and at the same time, the Japanese Air Force carried out intensive bombing of Singapore. With the cooperation of the navy and air force, the Japanese ground troops attacked south along the railway. The British garrison stationed in northern Malaya retreated to Singapore in panic. On December 9th, the British battleships "Prince of Wales" and "Enemy" set sail from Singapore in order to wipe out Japanese troops landing in Guan Dan. On the morning of the 1th, they were attacked by Japanese bombers and torpedoes when approaching Guan Dan and sank. At this point, Britain completely lost its air and sea control rights in the Pacific region. The Japanese who landed in Malaya continued to attack south and occupied Kuala Lumpur in 1942. At the end of January, the entire Malaya Peninsula fell. On February 14th, Singapore was surrounded and fresh water was cut off. On the 15th, Bai Sihua, commander-in-chief of the British army, announced his unconditional surrender at 8: 3 pm, and 8, defenders became prisoners of the Japanese army. In this way, the sea passage connecting Asia, Africa, Europe and Australia fell into the hands of the Japanese, and Singapore also began a humiliating occupation period of three years and six months. Japan renamed it "Zhaonan Special City" from the "South Land Obtained in Showa Period". The surrender of the British army did bring a serious psychological impact to the British Empire. In the early days of the Japanese occupation, countless adult Chinese men were arrested and killed by the Japanese army as victims in the name of having participated in anti-Japanese activities. In August 1945, Britain regained control of Singapore and resumed its old name. The British tried the Japanese officers who committed heinous crimes in Singapore, but only a few of them were properly tried, and the rest were only deported. Moreover, Britain made Malaya independent, but Singapore became a British colony and continued to be dominated by it, which aroused the anger of Chinese society. The people demanded a say in the government. On March 2th, 1948, Singapore held its first election. At the end of 1953, Singapore amended its constitution and enjoyed greater autonomy. In 1955, Singapore held elections, and Marshall became the first chief minister of Singapore. The Labor Front led by him, together with UMNO and MCA trade unions, formed a coalition government. Marshall resigned on June 6, 1956 due to the breakdown of negotiations for full autonomy. In March 1957, the negotiating delegation led by Lim Yew Hock reached an agreement on the main provisions of the new Singaporean Constitution in the London negotiations. Finally, it gained autonomy in 1959 and held its first general election in May of the same year. The People's Action Party won 43 of the 51 seats in the Legislative Assembly. On June 5th, the first government of Singapore Autonomous State was sworn in, and Lee Kuan Yew became the first prime minister of Singapore. In 1963, singapore, Malayan Federation, Sarawak and North Borneo (now Sabah) established Malaysian Federation at the suggestion of Prime Minister Tengku Abdulaman of Malaya, and the name Malaysia was formed by adding "Si" representing Singapore to Malaya. Since then, Singapore has completely separated from British rule. On August 9, 1965, Singapore announced its withdrawal from the Federation and became an independent sovereign state. Independence and development Singapore after independence, after 197,