Reproduced the following information for reference Complete quality management control process 1.
QCC: Quality Control Circle. Including IQC, IPQC, FQC, OQC, QA, QE, TQC, etc.2.
IQC: incoming quality inspection. Enterprises in the material requirements of the order issued by the supplier to supply the product acceptance inspection.
IQC is established on this basis, its role is to protect the goodness of the enterprise material inventory. Depending on the different standards of material inspection, the number of people in this department will be different, can be set up in the class, group, class, or a separate (size criteria to determine) (full inspection, sampling) 3.
IPQC/PQC: Process Inspection. In the material acceptance, due to batch sampling and storage area storage and other reasons, this process will also have quality problems of the product, so in the product on the line requires the first piece of the product to determine the quality of the PQC function is to carry out the confirmation of the first piece of the quality of the production process and batch production specification and supervision.
Thus, to improve the process product yield rate, reduce costs 4. FQC: This is a comprehensive unit.
Called incoming inspection, also called final inspection (process). After the completion of production, the product flows to the next line, that is, packaging into the warehouse.
In this process, FQC will carry out a comprehensive quality inspection of the product, including packaging, performance, appearance and so on. Ensure that the performance, appearance and packaging of the incoming products are good and meet the requirements.
Depending on the customer's needs and production control can be set to full inspection and packaging work. To put it bluntly, it is a group of production personnel who have been trained in quality and engaged in packaging inspection and warehousing work, which is a downline process.
Can also be completed by the production unit, FQC sampling into the warehouse.5.
QA: Quality Assurance Engineer. This is a job description that should say Quality Assurance group.
It is a unit within the company that investigates and improves customer complaints, proposes process optimization solutions, and improves product quality.6 QE: Quality Complaint Handling Engineer.
This is an external quality explanation, processing, coordination of a unit, it is directly with the business side and the client to coordinate, explanation, processing of a unit. Including system document control, customer complaint 8D response, program document development, etc. 7.TQC: Total Quality Control.
It is a new management concept, is the quality of the depth of cost, delivery and other areas of a new concept. On the basis of the original requirements in more areas, thereby improving the credibility of the enterprise and more comprehensive quality control.
----- ----- quality management of the six major considerations a quality management planning 1, quality control department job responsibilities (including quality control department duties, related personnel duties, related work link responsibilities). 2, the relevant departments quality control responsibilities (including the overall responsibilities of the relevant personnel, the relevant departments specific responsibilities). 3, the quality control department (including the overall responsibilities of the relevant personnel, the relevant departments specific responsibilities).
3, the development and implementation of quality policy (including the development of quality policy, quality policy implementation). 4, the development and implementation of quality objectives (including the development of quality objectives, quality objectives implementation).
5, quality standardization management (including clear standardization of the role of management, the development of standards, implementation of standards, revised standards). 5, quality sample management (including sample management for procurement, production sample management, customer sample management).
Second, quality resource management 1, quality training implementation and management (including clear training purposes, determine the content of training, implementation of training). 2, quality cost analysis (including quality cost classification, quality cost management division of labor, quality cost management steps). 3, quality cost analysis (including quality cost classification, quality cost management division of labor, quality cost management).
3, quality information management (including quality information management process, the main content of the work of the quality information center, the use of daily quality information, abnormal quality information processing). 4, quality management work environment management (including, to determine the necessary factors of the work environment, the establishment of the necessary work environment, to maintain the work environment established).
5, related to supplier management (including determining the need for suppliers, and suppliers to establish two-way communication, to determine the supplier's process capabilities, monitoring the supplier's delivery status, to encourage suppliers to implement continuous improvement programs, to invite suppliers to participate in the design and development activities, evaluation, confirmation, reward excellent performance of the supplier, internal loss cost statistics Table 2 External loss cost statistics Table 3 Identification costs (Statistical table Table 4 Preventive cost statistical table Table 5 Scrap loss summary table Table 6 Information contact list Table 7 Supplier annual assessment form). Third, the quality management tools 1, Section I Pareto chart method (including the production of Pareto chart, analyze the Pareto chart, the use of the Pareto chart method of attention).
2, cause and effect diagram method (including clear cause and effect diagram using the principle of making cause and effect diagrams, analyzing cause and effect diagrams). 3, scatter diagram method (including the production of scatter diagrams, analyzing scatter diagrams).
4, control chart method (including the principle of clear control charts, control charts). 5, correlation chart method (including distinguishing between the types of correlation charts, the production of correlation charts).
6, affinity diagram method (including identifying the topic, forming a group, collecting information . , writing cards, summarizing and organizing cards, making labeled cards, making diagrams).7, systematic diagram method (including determining the purpose, proposing means, measures, evaluating means, measures , making cards,,, preliminary building diagrams, confirming the purpose).
8, PDPC method (including clarifying the purpose of the PDPC method, the application of the PDPC method). 9, arrow line diagram method (including clarifying the scope of application of the arrow line diagram, the application of the arrow line diagram).
Fourth, the quality of measurement management 1, standard measuring instruments management (including the implementation of the classification and verification of standard measuring instruments, standardize the use of standard measuring instruments, standard measuring instruments to clarify the management of precautions). 2, general management of measuring instruments (including the verification of general measuring instruments, the use of general measuring instruments).
3, energy measurement management (including clear energy measurement scope, equipped with energy measuring instruments, verification and maintenance, clear energy measurement management considerations). 4, the selection of measuring instruments (including the selection of measuring instruments to consider the factors, uncertainty of the selection program, the selection of measuring instruments step by step).
5, the calibration of measuring instruments (including calibration types, calibration considerations). 6, measuring instruments operating guidelines (including electronic scales, spring scales, hardness tester, vernier calipers, height gauge six, thickness gauge, micrometer).
7, measuring instruments internal school standards (including hardness tester internal school standards, depth gauge internal school standards, height gauge internal school standards, external micrometer internal school standards, 200 ~ 500mm calipers internal school standards, calipers 200mm caliper internal school standards, thickness device internal school standards, electronic scales internal school standards, steel tape measure internal school standards, thermometers internal school standards). 8, weekly inspection of measuring instruments (including the making of) Measuring instruments weekly inspection schedule, reported next year's weekly inspection program, reported next month's weekly inspection program.
2.100 encyclopedic knowledge of life which
1, with glasses will not deepen myopia.
2, neck forward an inch, cervical spine pressure increased - times. 3, drink soup before meals, slim and healthy.
4, improper use of computers, blood clots find you trouble. 5, neurasthenia, eat some pig's feet.
6, sweat more, eat some acid properly. 7, cool water bath, blocking the skin sunburn.
8, bags under the eyes significantly, to? Blood fat. 9, fruit as a meal, easy to anemia.
10, dark chocolate has the role of protecting cardiovascular health. 11, grapefruit flavor perfume makes women feel 6 years younger.
12, the morning fruit is gold. 13, The elderly and children need to eat snacks.
14, summer should not be sedentary. 15, serving Chinese medicine is taboo: onion and garlic, pepper, mutton, dog meat, tea, radish, fish.
16, often look in the mirror is good for health. 17, pregnancy can smelt migraine.
18, do not smoke when drinking coffee. 19, flush to cover the toilet lid.
20, eat tofu best with seaweed. 21, children are careful to use fluoride dental fees.
22, red wine can reduce the risk of dementia. 23, often flying, eat more Vitamin C.
24, excessive night life, easy to lose hair bald. 25, avoid using overnight faucet water.
26, colored porcelain disinfection, do not use elimination cabinet. 27, often wear high heels, thumb easy to turn out.
28, breakfast is best after 7 o'clock. 29, remember to wash your hands after taking the photo version.
30, fresh-squeezed juice, most of the bacterial overload. 31, with rice do not load green leafy vegetables.
32, green tea can prevent cancer, pregnant women must be careful to drink. 33, digging nostrils, equal to self-destruction "portal".
34, the child should not be too early literacy. 35, pregnant women's eating habits can be inherited to the child.
36, the second defecation prone to hemorrhoids. 37, a lychee three fire, although the taste of fresh food.
38, too much cod liver oil easy to birth stones. 39, paper cups of fluorescent agents endanger health.
40, milk nutrition is the most comprehensive. 41, men are most afraid of heat, women are most afraid of cold.
42, summer vacation myopia benefits. 43, raisins can be healthy teeth, sterilization.
44, beverage bottles can not be loaded with wine vinegar. 45, osteomalacia staring at middle school students! 46, frozen meat must be thawed in cold water.
47, home appliances for a long time without rubbing, electromagnetic radiation. 48, the baby sweat may lack of calcium.
49, women eat vegetarian easily old! 50, summer should not wean the child. 51, eat papaya can increase gastrointestinal power.
52, sunscreen shake before use. 53, wear sunglasses after ***.
54, pineapple leaves contain anti-cancer ingredients. 55, the old try to eat less sweet.
56, moderate fullness is good for health. 57, drink tea in moderation.
58, half a block of tofu a day can prevent vascular disease. 59, the cell phone signal is not good, do not use! 60, multi-functional laundry detergent, use with caution! 61, fish and poultry is better than pork.
62, eat less chicken head duck head. 63, diabetics, beware of mosquito bites.
64, take advantage of the summer to make up for calcium. 65, winter disease summer treatment is the right time.
66, ambrosia fish can not be less. 67, Cesarean section damage, may be accompanied by a lifetime.
68, band-aid, do not indiscriminate paste. 69, take the bus, side stand more stable.
70, the baby crawling benefits. 71, the straw drink drink, anti-presence of teeth.
72, food to six colors to be good. 73, lotus root " *** " to be careful.
74, Gongjun summer eat more winter melon. 75, green bean soup with a little salt.
76, lily flower tea can remove fire. 77, ice drink more easy to drink heat stroke! 78, weaning taboo mother and child isolation! 79, brain hemorrhage, cooling first aid head.
80, migraine and diet. 81, liposuction surgery, laser spot removal, wrinkle surgery, summer is not suitable for doing.
82, eat more rice and noodles, menstrual psychological good. 83, walk cobblestone road, lower blood pressure.
84, the heat of the day to eat more meat, temper! 85, summer days, less moving, more brain. 86, children often cry leg pain do not be careless! 87, moderate tension, can be anti-aging.
88, hot weather, caution hair coloring. 89, young children long blowing air conditioning, easy to get pneumonia.
90, too clean, but easy to get sick. 91, clothes too brightly colored, beware of toxicity.
92, kidney loss quietly entangled in women. 93, flower tea do not drink, be careful of side effects.
94, just autumn is not suitable for large complementary. 95, a small toothpick, bacteria tens of thousands! 96, always playing high sleep, when the prevention of blood thick.
97, good words can cure colds. 98, summer men's socks, hemp the best.
99, often eat ginger health. 100, teeth grow messy, the reason in the meal.
3. How to do a good job of quality work
Quality work, I have done 3 years have a little experience I do not know if I can help you, in essence, this work or this department is to the company consume profits. He needs the company to invest a lot of costs to this. But from a deeper point of view, he is the department that saves the company money and creates profit. Good products bring more markets, more qualified products, so that we dispense with the after-sales trouble.
The essence of quality work is to maintain the company's investment costs under the premise of the current objectives of the company to eliminate the cost of after-sales to create a profit between these three balances.
For example: now the company's pass rate is 50%, the first year the company can invest 1 million to increase the pass rate to 80%, then it is worth it. In the second year, the company feels more appropriate to create profits Qualified products also brought us a good reputation can also invest 1 million, then the second year we may only be able to raise the 1 million to 90% In the third year, the company would like to try again to raise to 95% may need to invest 3 million So then we need to calculate the qualification rate from 90 to 95 to bring the benefits of the 3 million can not be linked, if it can be equalized, we will need to invest 3 million to increase the qualification rate to 80%. If it can be equalized, we can invest, if it is not worth it, we need to control it.
Quality management This is only the big side, the small side, but it is to check the failure rate, determine which department is responsible for or technical design problems or man-made problems or purchasing problems, let him go to improve. Do a monthly graph, the end of the year from the graph to analyze who's reasons account for the majority, what causes our quality defects. Specifically a lot of things you see slowly mastered.
4. Good QC staff should do and QC trivia who have ah
In order to achieve the norms or regulations on data quality requirements and operational techniques and measures. Quality control is in order to monitor the quality formation process, to eliminate all stages of the quality ring printed up unqualified or unsatisfactory effect of the factors. In order to achieve the quality requirements, to obtain economic benefits, and the use of a variety of quality operational techniques and activities. In the enterprise field, quality control activities are mainly internal production site management, it has nothing to do with whether the contract, refers to the technical measures and management measures to achieve and maintain quality control activities. Quality inspection is subordinate to quality control, is an important activity of quality control.
"Operational techniques" is a general term for the means and methods of control, "activities" is a planned and organized systematic use of these operational techniques, is a scientific approach to quality management. The former focuses on methods and tools, the latter focuses on the process of activities. The purpose of quality control is to prevent, control factors to ensure that the results, to ensure that the requirements of the regulations, to achieve economic benefits.
The main function of quality control is to minimize all kinds of quality variation and fluctuation through a series of operational techniques and activities. It is worn in the whole process of quality generation, formation and realization. In addition to controlling product variation, the quality control department is also involved in management decision-making activities to determine the level of quality.
Witness and stop points in quality control
Internationally, quality control objects can have "witness" or "stop points" depending on their importance and the requirements for monitoring and control. "Witness points" and "stop points" are quality control points, due to their importance or the degree of impact of their quality consequences are different, their operating procedures and supervision requirements are also different.
Witness point
The operation procedures and supervision requirements of the witness point are as follows:
(1) The construction unit should arrive at a certain time before the witness point, notify the supervisory engineer in writing, stating that it will arrive at the witness point to prepare for the construction of the time, and ask the supervisory personnel to witness and supervise the scene.
(2) After receiving the notice, the supervising engineer shall indicate the date of receipt of the notice and sign on the "construction tracking file".
(3) Supervisors should be on site at the agreed time to witness. Supervisors should supervise and check the implementation process of the witnessing points, and make detailed records on the witnessing form and sign it.
(4) If the supervisory personnel fails to arrive at the site to witness at the stipulated time, the construction unit may consider that it has been recognized by the supervising engineer and has the right to carry out the construction.
(5) If the Contracting Authority has previously inspected the site and written his comments on the Construction Tracking File, the Contracting Authority shall state the improvements that have been made or the specific comments that have been made.
Stop point
Stop point is more important than the witness point of quality control points, it is usually for the "special process" or "special process". Where the control object listed as a stop point, the requirement must be specified in the control point before the arrival of notification of the supervisory party sent to the control point of the implementation of the monitoring, if the supervisory party failed to supervise the agreed time to the scene, inspection, the construction unit should stop into the control point of the corresponding process, and according to the contract provisions of the contract to wait for the supervisory party, can not be recognized as a point to continue to cross the activities. Approval to proceed is normally given in writing, but may also be granted in accordance with an agreed authorization system.
Witness points and stopping points are usually specified in the quality plan by the contractor for the work, but the constructor should submit the construction plan and quality to the supervising engineer for approval. If the supervising engineer has different opinions on the setting of witness points and stops, the construction unit should be notified in writing and asked to be modified, and then submitted to the supervising engineer for approval and implementation.
5. Safety tips short 1 point 50 words
1, on the public **** car or subway, if there is no seat, you can try to stand with their backs to the car body, a little bit of observation of people around them, to avoid being stolen.
2, if the back of the shoulder back on the car, and stand in the middle of the car, the way to prevent theft in addition to remain vigilant, pay attention to observe the situation around the people, you can borrow the body of the car body movement body to do the timing of the swing. So that if the thief from behind to touch your bag you will notice, and do more natural, than often turn back to be much better.
3, consumption to invoice. See clearly whether the stamp is their chapter, if not, you have the right to ask for its replacement. This facilitates the *** after.
4, to the training institution to learn, do not just look at its size, to personally test its qualifications, or authorization, but also look at the company's business license.
5, restaurant meals found in the meal with foreign objects, do not get too excited, such things often happen. If you have a camera at hand or a cell phone with a photo function, you have to take a clear close-up first. Then call the manager to deal with. Special mention is that the general restaurant will be willing to give you a new plate, this time do not let them take away the plate with foreign objects, just leave it with you, let them go to redo the end up. On the one hand, to prevent them from going back to take out the foreign body and then give you the original dish up. Secondly, to prevent them from changing their mind, you have no evidence.
6, the journey to remain vigilant do not easily trust others. Especially do not easily eat other people's things, drink other people's drinks! Their own drink bottle mouth to do mark! Go out to the restroom back to check whether the mark to move! A good friend of mine had a lesson. He was knocked out and woke up with nothing! It is the car own drink was drugged!
7, buy things, their own large bills if in the hands of others over the side and back to their hands, we must be careful a little bit, is not being dropped, replaced by fake bills!
8, to an unfamiliar place bank withdraw cash, out of the after try to take a taxi away. I have a Hong Kong friend ate a loss, in Shenzhen, near the Overseas Chinese Town took more than 6,000, out of the door was followed, forced to withdraw from the card 3 w
A walking instructions
1, pedestrians must walk in the sidewalk, there is no sidewalk to walk by the roadside;
2, pedestrians are not allowed to chase on the carriageway, running hard, not allowed in the vehicle approaching the sudden violent turn across the
3, not allowed in the road to walk on the road to walk in the road to walk in the road to walk in the road to walk in the road to walk in the car;
3, not allowed to pick up the car on the road, chasing cars, not allowed to forcibly stop the car or throw objects to hit the car;4, not allowed to play on the highway, play;
5, preschool children walking on the street or highway, must be led by an adult;
Second, the ride
1, are not allowed to greet the vehicle in the middle of the road;
2, motor vehicles are in the middle of the road is not allowed to put any part of their bodies in motion. No part of the body is allowed to stick out of the window when the motor vehicle is in motion;
3, when riding in the car, you are not allowed to stand, and you are not allowed to eat inside the car;
4, do not force to get on and off the car, to do the first to go down and then up, waiting for the car to line up in the car according to the order of getting on the car; get off the car and wait for the vehicle to drive away and then walk again, such as to cross the road, make sure that it is safe to cross the road;
5, do not take the overloaded vehicle, do not take the unlicensed buses, and do not take the bus without a license. vehicles, do not take no passenger license, sports license vehicles;
6. Baidu safety knowledge of the small knowledge of what
Let the special vehicles first
On the road, we can often see the lights flashing, the alarm call vehicles, these are police cars, fire trucks, ambulances, or engineering vehicles, such as rescue vehicles and other special each vehicle. Special vehicles are responsible for special emergency tasks. Traffic regulations; all vehicles and pedestrians must be allowed to perform the task of the police car, fire trucks, ambulances and emergency vehicles first.
So, if we are cycling or walking on the road, we should let these vehicles pass first, and never fight for the road.
No car, no car
Some students like to play with cars parked on the road, and even in the middle of the road to stop the car, chasing the car, car, throwing stones to the vehicle, as a fun. In fact, this is very dangerous and immoral behavior. It is most likely to cause accidents. When we find this kind of bad behavior, we should remind in time and boldly discourage. Because stopping and chasing cars is easy to collide with other moving vehicles and casualties. When lifting a car, due to the poor strength of the small hands and fall halfway down the fall. Especially to the vehicle throwing stones, which is a kind of destruction of public **** property and state property unlawful behavior, should be strictly prohibited; In addition, easy to make the car people injured, traffic accidents.
Civilized ride
Currently, urban and rural roads are motor vehicles, non-motorized vehicles, pedestrians, mixed traffic, traffic accidents occur frequently. In order to ride the safety, we must enhance the concept of traffic law. Abide by the provisions of the car, pay attention to public **** moral, pay attention to traffic safety, civilized ride. To do "happy to go to school, safe and sound home", which is our every student's due diligence.
Civilized bus, to ensure safety. We are waiting for the public **** car, should be in the platform in an orderly manner waiting for the car. To do when the car stops, let the car people down first, and then get on the bus in turn. When you get on the bus, you should take the initiative to buy a ticket. You should offer to give up your seat to the elderly, the sick, the disabled, the pregnant and those carrying babies. When the vehicle is moving, sit or stand firmly and hold the handrail to prevent falling when the emergency brake is applied. You should not stick any part of your body out of the vehicle, and you should not shout inside the vehicle, just be a civilized little passenger. When you get down, pay attention to safety, do not suddenly from the car in front of the car or run violently across the road, so as to avoid injuries and accidents.
Safety across the railroad crossing
Railway crossings are more complex, the traffic is very busy, pedestrians, bicycles, cars, trains, etc. have to pass through the crossing. In order to ensure the safety of pedestrians and vehicles, the railroad crossing are set up fences. When the train comes, the red signal light flashes, the fence closes, pedestrians and all kinds of vehicles stop moving forward, wait quietly, and let the train pass. Do not cross the fence and take the risk of jumping the crossing. Through the unguarded crossing, we must stop, look carefully around, to confirm the safety, only allowed to pass.
Four seasons of traffic safety Spring The four seasons of the year, the climate characteristics are different, they are very close to traffic safety. Master the law of each season traffic safety, to ensure safety.
Spring is a rainy season, drizzle, wet roads. Vehicles traveling in the rain, the wheels are easy to slip. If you suddenly cross the road when the vehicle is approaching, it will catch the driver off guard and knock you down. Walking, small steps, walk slowly, pay attention to avoid vehicles, if you hold an umbrella, don't let the umbrella block the line of sight, can't see the direction of progress.
Summer is in full swing, the heat is unbearable, and our outdoor activities have increased. Especially in the summer vacation, often go out, more should consciously abide by traffic rules, so that parents can rest assured.
The sun is hot, the road is hot, the sprinkler to cool the road, the students must not play in the sprinkler around. When the typhoon storm suddenly came, can not run in a hurry; cool at night, do not occupy the road, affecting the traffic.
Autumn autumn high, is a good season for travel and tourism, but also more sandy season. When you go out, you should prevent gray sand from invading your eyes. Don't wind upside down, pay attention to safety.
Autumn is also a good time to let the wind steady, but can not run on the urban and rural roads to fly kites to avoid traffic accidents.
Winter is cold and snowy. Some people wear hats and masks, do not believe their eyes, in addition, the ground has formed a layer of ice, the road is wet and slippery, walking, cycling a little inattentive, to fall, walking can not run fast. Can not pile up snowmen, snowballs and snowballs on the road, which is not safe, but also affect the traffic, and even car accidents. The climate is different throughout the year, students can not relax traffic safety precautions.
Learning to ride a bike
Bicycles are lightweight and flexible, and they are an ideal means of transportation, so many children want to learn how to ride a bike. The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal on a bike, and then you'll be able to get a good deal on the bike, and then you'll be able to get a good deal on the bike, and then you'll have a good deal on the bike, and then you'll be able to get a good deal on the bike. When you learn to ride a bike, excited to ride on the road, you must pay attention to cycling safety ah!
Children under the age of twelve are not allowed to ride bicycles
City roads are complicated and there are many vehicles. Due to the lack of life experience of children, poor resilience, and at the same time the "Chinese people *** and the State Road Traffic Law Enforcement Regulations" also clearly stipulates: "Children under the age of twelve years are not allowed to ride bicycles on the road," the children should learn to comply with. If the legal age of bicycling, but also must first carefully study the provisions of the relevant bicycle, master the basic essentials of safe cycling and then on the road.
7. Summary of middle school physics knowledge
A physical property of matter
1. Mass of an object
Definition
Units and conversion
Measurement tools → tray balance (structure, use)
Definition, units, formula
2. Density of matter Density measurements (solids, liquids) <
Application of knowledge of density
3. Specific heat capacity of substances (definition, application)
4. Other physical properties of substances hardness, state, transparency, heat transfer, electrical conductivity.
ii. Mass is a physical property of an object, independent of shape, state, location .
iii. Special method of mass measurement: cumulative method (measuring more and counting less)
(1) Different objects composed of the same substance have the same ratio of mass to volume.
(2) Different objects made of different substances have different ratios of mass to volume.
Fourth, the density ρ: the mass per unit volume of a substance
1. density of units:
kilograms / meters 3 (kg / m3), grams / centimeters 3 (g / cm3)
1g / cm3 = 10^3kg / m3
2. formula: ρ = m / V
3. some of the material density
(1)Density of water: 1.0*10^3kg/m3
Representation: the mass of 1 cubic meter of water is 1.0*10^3kg
(2)ρCopper>ρIron>ρAluminum
(3)ρSaline>ρWater>ρAlcohol
4.Measurement of Density
(1) mass Different substances that are identical absorb different amounts of heat when they are raised to the same temperature.
(2) the same mass of different substances to absorb the same amount of heat to raise the temperature of different
V. Specific heat capacity: unit mass of a certain object to increase (decrease) the temperature of 1 ℃ of the heat absorbed (released)
1. Definition of the formula: c = Q ∕ m (t-t0)
2. Units: jiao ∕ (kg? The specific heat capacity of water: 4.2*10^3J∕(kg?℃)
Representation: mass of 1kg of water temperature increase of 1 ℃ of the heat absorbed is 4.2*10^3J