1 In the spring of the sixth year, Cao Cao came to the court. The book says, "Really come", he will not return to his country.
Translation:
In the spring of the sixth year, (Chun Yu Gong) came from Cao State to pay homage. "Spring and Autumn" recorded it as "actually coming" because he really never returned to China.
Appreciation:
In the fifth year of Duke Huan, it was recorded that "In winter, Chun Yugong was like Cao. He survived the crisis of his country, but then he disappeared." That is to say, Chun Yugong went to Cao State, because Considering the danger to the country, I will not go back. But this time I came to Lu from Cao State, I really will not go back. Chunyu State was a small country located between the four kingdoms of Qi, Ji, Lai and Ju. In the fifth year, Qi State began to attack Chunyu State. Chunyu Gong abandoned the country and fled, and Qi State moved its capital to Chunyu.
2 King Wu of Chu invaded and followed him, causing Chuan Zhang to seek success. The army is waiting for its flaws. He sent his young master Dong Cheng to follow him. Dou Bo Biyan said to Chuzi: "I have no ambition to set my sights on the east of the Han Dynasty, but I have decided to do so. I spread my three armies and were attacked by my armored soldiers with force. They were afraid and joined forces to plot against me, so it was difficult." The country in the east of the Han Dynasty will become bigger, and the small country will be abandoned if it follows Zhang. The small country will be separated, and Chu will benefit from it. The young master is too rich, so he invites the emperor to expand it. "Xiong Lianqi said, "What's the use of Ji Liang's presence?" Bo Bi said: "I thought that the young master would get his king." The king destroyed the army and recruited the young master. When the young master returns, please pursue the Chu master, and follow the marquis to promise him. Ji Liang Zhizhi said: "Heaven has given Chu, and Chu is a coward. He is tempting me. Why are you so anxious? I heard that the small can defeat the big, and the small way is big. The so-called Tao means being loyal to the people and trusting in God." Thinking about benefiting the people means being loyal; wishing the historian a correct speech means being trustworthy. Now that the people are discouraged and the emperor is greedy, he wishes the historian to make sacrifices, but I don’t know how to do it. The duke said: "My sacrifice will be fat and the rice will be abundant." "Why don't you believe it?" He said to him, "The people are the lords of gods. Therefore, the holy king first became the people and then devoted himself to gods. Therefore, he offered sacrifices to tell the story of "boshuofufa", which means that the people's power is universal. The reason why the animals are big and rich is that they do not suffer from diseases, that is, they are prepared with salty meat, and it is said that "the rice is clean and abundant", which means that it does not harm the people during the three seasons. It is said that "Jia Li Zhi Liquor" means that everyone above and below has good virtues and is not contrary to his heart. The so-called fragrance is not slanderous. Therefore, he should cultivate his five religions and be close to his nine tribes, so that he can worship them. It is the blessing of the people who are harmonious, so if they work, they will be successful. Now the people have their own intentions, but the ghosts and gods have no master. Although the king is alone, what blessing is there! In a country where the king and the aunt are responsible for the administration, the common people will be free from trouble." The princes of Sui were afraid and revamped their government, but Chu did not dare to attack.
Translation:
King Wu of Chu invaded Sui. He first sent Xie Zhang to negotiate and stationed his troops in Xia Di to wait for the result. The people of Sui sent a young master to preside over the peace talks. Ju Bobi said to King Wu of Chu: "Our country cannot achieve its goal east of the Han River, and it is our own fault. We expanded our army, reorganized our equipment, and used force to force other countries. They were afraid that they would come together to deal with us, so they It is difficult to separate. Among the countries to the east of the Han River, Sui is the largest country. If Sui is arrogant, he will inevitably abandon the small country. Let him see the weak soldiers and fuel his pride." Xiong Shuqiebi said, "With Ji Liang here, what is the benefit of doing this?" Bobi said, "This is for the future, because the young master can get it." The trust of their king." King Chu Wu deliberately made his army look exhausted to receive the young master. The young master went back and asked to pursue the Chu army. When Sui Hou was about to agree, Ji Liang tried to dissuade him and said, "Heaven is helping Chu. The Chu army looks exhausted to tempt us. Why should the king be in a hurry? I heard that the reason why small countries can resist big countries is that small countries have good principles. But the monarch of a great country is obsessed with selfish desires. The so-called Tao means being loyal to the people and trusting the gods. If the people above think of benefiting the people, this is loyalty; if they pray for the truth without deception, this is faith. I wish Shi to exaggerate his merits and sacrifices, but I don't know how to do it?" Sui Hou said: "The animals I use for sacrifice are all clean and fat, and the millet and grain are rich and complete. Why can't I win the trust of the gods? Ji Liang replied: "The people are the masters of the gods. Therefore, the holy king unites the people first and then devotes himself to the gods. Therefore, when offering sacrifices, he said: "The animals are big and fat." This refers to the people's financial resources. There is general abundance, the livestock are fat and multiplying, they are not weak due to disease, and there are various excellent breeds.
Ji Hu's reason for rejecting Qi Wenjiang may be that he had heard about Wenjiang's scandal, and therefore all the women in Qi State looked down upon him. Moreover, this time the Beirong invaded Qi, they still needed the support of Zheng Guo, which also shows that Qi is not big, so "Qi is big by chance" is just an excuse.
4 Autumn, great reading, simple carriages and horses.
Translation:
In autumn, a grand military parade is held, with simple chariots and horses.
Appreciation:
This section of the "Gongyang Biography" is recorded as "Who is the great reader? A simple chariot disciple. Why a book? It is a rare book." "The Biography of Gu Liang" ” is recorded as “Who are the people in the grand parade? It is a military parade car. It is a national highway to cultivate religious edicts. It is not right to cultivate military affairs in peacetime. It is thought that the sun is worshiping martial arts, so it is used to watch women. "Gongyang Zhuan only recorded it because military parades were rare, while Gu Liang Zhuan criticized it and believed that politics should be revised instead of showing force through military parades. Of course, what Du Yu said in Zuo Zhuan's annotation is more reasonable: "Qi is a big country, and it uses military force to conquer the garrison of the princes. It praises Zheng Hu, but suddenly wants to take merit as its leader and sues Qi in anger. The people of Lu are afraid of it, so they use When the Northern Army invaded Qi, the princes rescued Qi, and Prince Zheng suddenly made great achievements. However, when the State of Lu was in charge of distributing the condolences sent by the State of Qi, the State of Zheng was ranked behind the State of Lu. , thus offending Qi and Zheng. This military parade is to embolden myself.
In the winter of 5, Marquis Ji came to court and asked for orders from the king in order to bring Qi together, but the announcement could not be made.
Translation:
In the winter, Marquis Ji came to court and asked the State of Lu to obtain the order from the Emperor of Zhou to seek peace with the State of Qi on behalf of the State of Ji. Duke Huan told him that he couldn't do it.
Appreciation:
In the middle of this year, there is also "Xia, we will meet in Chengdu, Ji will come to consult and make plans." Qi State wants to expand, and several small countries in the east are natural As the target of annexation, Ji State can only make good friends with Lu State to protect itself, and Lu State also needs to win over these countries to limit Qi State's expansion. However, in winter, the Marquis of Ji asked the State of Lu to petition the royal family on behalf of the State of Ji and make peace with the State of Qi. However, Duke Huan did not dare to agree rashly because he was married to Wen Jiang. Of course, Ji Hou was in a hurry and sought medical treatment. Big countries like Qi, Lu, and Zheng didn't take the royal family seriously at all. Even if the royal family made peace, it would have no impact on these big countries.