Cabbage is cruciferous, Brassica genus biennial herbaceous plants, is the main vegetable in autumn and winter, all parts of the country are planted, planting area is relatively large, cabbage is one of the favorite vegetables. How to grow cabbage?

A, cabbage planting time

General early fall cabbage in May-June sowing, August-September market. Seasonal cabbages are mostly sown in early to mid-August and listed in November-December. Overwintering cabbages are sown in October and marketed in March-April of the following year. Hot cabbage is sown in the spring and marketed in April-August.

Two, cabbage planting methods

1, land preparation, choose the terrain is high and dry, deep soil tillage, soil structure is suitable, good physical and chemical properties, soil fertility is high, not waterlogged plots deep turning, the implementation of the high border narrow box cultivation, box width of 80 cm, planted in two rows of each box, border height of 18 cm or more, at the same time, we should open a good ditch and the back of the ditch, to facilitate drainage and irrigation to reduce pests and diseases.

2, fertilization, cabbage long growing period, need more fertilizer. Therefore, to reapply fertilizer, generally per acre to apply 3000 kg of rotted stable fertilizer as a base fertilizer, base fertilizer can be fully sprinkled before plowing, turned into the soil, it is best to use two thirds of the base fertilizer plowed into the soil, one-third of the application of the soil surface, in the crushed soil mixed into the soil surface.

3 sowing method

Direct seeding: generally more hole sowing, after tilling the ground for the border, according to a certain row spacing dug holes. Hole width 15-18 centimeters, 3-5 centimeters deep, the bottom of the hole to be slightly flat. Sow 20-25 seeds per hole, then cover with 1-2 cm of fine soil. During the sowing period, if the weather is dry, pour sufficient bottom water at one time after planting to ensure the water needed for seedlings, and then cover with soil. Don't water every day after sowing, so as to avoid soil crusting, affecting the emergence of seedlings, the amount of seed sown per mu is 150 grams. When sowing under high temperature and dry weather, the amount of seed sown should be increased appropriately.

Seedling transplantation, to choose fertile soil for the seedbed, bed site to the sun, drainage and irrigation is convenient, near the transplantation site. Bed soil should be sufficiently fine leveling, mixed into the rotting organic fertilizer, made into a 1.2 m wide seedbed, the length is not limited. Sowing amount of 5-6 grams per square meter. Sowing should be uniform, after sowing with watering to cover the soil. If you encounter high temperature and drought, you also need to build a shelter and shade to prevent seedlingization. Seedling management is mainly diligent watering, to prevent diseases and insects, uniform seedlings between seedlings, timely uncovering the shade and so on. The amount of seed per mu is 30-40 grams, the seedling period is generally about 25 days, when the seedlings have 4-5 true leaves can be planted. Generally early-maturing varieties of plant development degree is small, short growing period, can be appropriate dense planting, row spacing 33 cm, plant spacing 33 cm, each compartment is suitable for cultivation of three rows. Late-maturing varieties are generally longer growing period, compact, small development, row spacing of 50 cm, spacing 35 cm is appropriate, two rows per compartment cultivation.

4, seedling management: seedlings in a timely manner after the emergence of seedlings, direct seeding seedlings out of the ground in a timely manner after the even, between seedlings and seedlings. Generally divided into three times, the first time in 1-2 true leaves, seedling spacing of about 3 cm. The second time in 3-4 true leaves, seedling spacing is about 5-6 centimeters, 3-4 seedlings per hole. The third time at 5-6 true leaves to set seedling, only 1 seedling per hole. In the process of equalization, attention should be paid to removing weak and diseased seedlings, leaving large and strong seedlings. During the seedling period, attention must be paid to water and fertilizer management, which can be done by watering with light manure water, once a day during the dry period. If there is more rain in the seedling period, you can not water, in the period of 2-3 true leaves, apply urea once, 3-5 kilograms per mu, which can promote strong growth of seedlings. After inter-seedling timely plowing and weeding, cabbage in the last plowing before closing the rows. Plowing before shallow and then deep, to avoid injury to seedlings.

5, rosette management, this period, to reapply fertilizer once. You can use urea 10-15 kilograms, 10 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate mixed together, applied to the water, to promote the vigorous growth of rosette leaves. In case of rain, fertilizer can also be applied, but it must be applied away from the roots, in open holes and y, and along with covering the soil. Keep the soil moist during the rosette period so that the rosette leaves are fertile and green. If you encounter a prolonged drought, you must water in a timely manner, otherwise it will affect the yield of the leaf ball.

6, balling period management: after the beginning of balling, to chase the fertilizer 1-2 times, per mu can use urea 15-20 kg, calcium superphosphate 10-15 kg, potassium sulfate 10 kg, in the beginning of balling chasing. Or use 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate as extra-root fertilizer, spray every 7 days or so, *** spray 2-3 times. In the middle of nodulation, in order to promote the cabbage package heart tight, can also be followed by another application of fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer. Balling period also pay attention to keep the soil moist, if encountered drought, must be timely irrigation.

7, harvest: cabbage in the leaf ball fully expanded, ball tight timely harvest. Harvesting standards: the heart of the package is tight, no yellow leaves, no diseased leaves, no insect moths, the root cut flat.