I. Selection of good varieties

1, in the selection of varieties must be based on the local soil, climate and other natural conditions, choose the appropriate high-yield, high-oil, disease-resistant varieties.

2, it is recommended that the majority of growers 2-3 years will be varieties replaced once. Good conditions for farmers to buy 1-2 acres of high-quality high-yield varieties each year for breeding, the second year on the previous year's breeding varieties selected for field planting, which saves a lot of money to buy seeds, but also improve the yield and income.

3, the choice of summer peanuts for seed, screening out mold, germination of the seed, to ensure the quality of seeding. Also try not to use spring sowing peanuts to save seeds, so as not to cause poor emergence.

Tips: Seeds have certain regional characteristics, change the seed on the one hand to see whether the varieties are validated in the region, in addition not to rush, first a small amount of planting, stabilization and then large-scale planting. Do not blindly introduce the so-called high-yield varieties in the field, the long-term stability of the seed is very critical.

II. Do a good job of seed treatment

(a) sunshine before sowing

Peanut seeds after a longer period of storage, easy to absorb moisture in the air, increase the water content of the seeds, so before shelling according to the changes in seed moisture, as appropriate, sunshine seeds.

1, shelling 15-20 days before sowing, and sunning the seeds for 2-3 days before shelling according to weather conditions. Thereby drying the seeds, increasing the permeability of the seed coat, increasing the osmotic pressure of the seeds, thereby enhancing the ability to absorb water, and promoting seed sprouting and germination. The sun-dried seeds can generally emerge 1-2 days earlier, increase the seedling rate by 31%, reduce the seed germination rate by 20.6%, and increase the yield of pods by 6%.

2, grading grain selection. Choose kernel large and neat, full of seeds, good color, no mechanical damage to the first and second level of large grains for seed, eliminating the third level of small grains, to ensure that a sowing of all seedlings.

(2) seed coating before sowing

The purpose of seed coating is peanut seedling strong, to prevent peanut season is not grubs and other underground pests, ground aphids and prevention of peanut root rot dead seedlings.

1, coating drugs and their use: "Feng Qia" or "Nong Qia 3 in 1" and other seed coating agent with the right amount of water mixed well, mix the right amount of seeds.

2, the regular seed coating agent can be manually coated as well as machine-coated.

3, after mixing the seeds, should be stored in the shade to dry. Drying on the best plastic film, do not dry directly on the ground, and do not expose to the sun.

(C) "Fengqia" seed mixing fertilizer - balanced nutrition, stimulate the seed potential

1, seed mixing fertilizer inside the biochemical chelated phosphorus, sulfur, manganese, zinc, copper, cobalt, and other functional elements can be fully into the seed inside, for the seeds to provide sufficient balanced nutrients to enhance the germination of seeds, enhance the seed germination momentum, enhance the seed germination, and enhance the seed germination potential, and provide adequate nutrition. Seed germination prime mover, enhance the bud potential, promote seed germination.

2. Stimulates and regulates plant growth, strengthens the root system, improves the germination rate, strengthens the seedlings, and improves the efficiency of root system soil absorption. Effectively reduce the use of chemical fertilizers 10~15%, reduce planting costs and inputs.

3, improve root micro-ecology, improve plant resistance to disease, drought, cold, etc.; prevent soil-borne diseases.

4, safe and efficient, crop stalks thick and strong, high resistance to collapse, individual strong, group high yield, yield increase of 10~15%.

5, each bottle of 100 ml seed 50-60 pounds of peanut seeds, can be used alone or mixed with regular seed coating agent.

Note: Peanut seed dressing and seed dressing fertilizer for seed treatment before sowing, that is, Fuda "two mix three spray" high-yield technology important "two mix" technology.

Three, land preparation and rational fertilization

1, land preparation - soil deep turning, improvement. Soil should be deep plowing, in order to deepen the living soil layer, plowing depth to reach 26-32cm, can effectively improve the soil tillage layer, reduce the occurrence of seedling diseases.

2, crop rotation. The implementation of 3-4 years of reasonable crop rotation system, to avoid peanuts and legumes crop.

3, fertilization

Scientific and reasonable, balanced fertilization, is to ensure that one of the key factors of peanut yield. Recommended according to local conditions soil testing formula fertilization.

How to fertilize in order to meet the nutritional needs of peanut growth, we must understand the peanut growth of the sixteen elements needed. Among them to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium four elements of the greatest demand, sulfur, boron, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, iron and other trace elements are indispensable. According to each production of 100 kg of peanut fruits need fertilizer: nitrogen 6-7 kg, calcium 5 kg, potassium 4 kg, phosphorus 2 kg, each region can refer to fertilization according to the products of each place and soil conditions. In order to accumulate water, revitalize the soil and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, additional organic biofungus fertilizer or other organic fertilizers should be applied per mu.

In the fertilization method everyone should pay attention to the following points:

(1) peanut fertilization, should be based on the principle of fertilizer, fertilizer as a supplement. Inter-root fertilizer should be flowering under the needle period is better.

(2) According to the characteristics of peanut fertilizer needs and soil fertility base, rational arrangement of fertilizer timing, type, quantity and method.

(3) spring peanut mulching planting should be in the beginning of spring or pre-winter land preparation, all kinds of organic fertilizers as a base fertilizer into the field.

(4) Fertilizer should be applied sufficiently, concentrated, random ditch make, deep application. Because nitrogen fertilizer volatile, phosphorus fertilizer in the soil layer of the up and down penetration and left and right mobile diffusion capacity is weak; potash and calcium ions have antagonistic effect. And peanut absorption of nutrients the most active root group is below the firming layer.

Four, sowing technology

1, temperature control: peanut seed germination optimal temperature is 25-37 degrees Celsius, below 10 degrees Celsius or higher than 40 degrees Celsius some varieties can not germinate. Spring sowing peanuts require 10 centimeters to sow the average ground temperature of the lowest temperature is: early varieties stabilized at 12 degrees Celsius or more, in the late varieties stabilized at 15 degrees Celsius or more.

2, humidity control

Sowing relative soil moisture content of 70% -75% is appropriate, that is, the tillage layer of soil can be held in the hand to form a ball, hand rubbing more loose. Insufficient moisture, to create moisture in time to sow, to ensure that the whole seedling, seedling strong. After sowing, such as heavy rain, resulting in severe soil crusting, should be taken to drainage, hoeing and loosening methods, for seed germination, seedling to create good conditions.

3, sowing depth

Sowing depth should be flexible according to soil quality, moisture, temperature and groundwater. Soil viscous to be shallower, generally about 3.3-5 is appropriate. Sandy soil and sandy soil to 5-7cm deep is appropriate. When the soil moisture is poor, it can be appropriately deeper, and when the moisture is good, it can be appropriately shallow. To grasp the dry not planted too deep, wet not planted too shallow, to 5cm or so is most appropriate.

4, peanut ridge fine sowing

Peanut ridge fine sowing has thickened soil layer, drought can water, flooding can drain, ventilation and light performance advantages, is conducive to the growth and development of peanuts, promote results, results early, fruit fruit full.

Actual production data: the first large county of peanut Xiaobaisha summer peanut, for example: production ridge width 85-90cm. row spacing: 40-45cm, hole spacing 11.5cm, each hole single grain or 2 grains; sowing 13 to 15 kg per mu. The actual number of holes sown per mu: 8000-14000 holes/mu.

Five, weed control

1, with the soil sealing pesticide ethalfluralin, etc., in the peanut sowing before the emergence of peanuts evenly sprayed on the surface, the control of grass weeds.

2, stems and leaves are sprayed with the control of mono, dicotyledonous weeds.

Remarks: different geographical weed species are not the same, not uniformly recommended medication.

Six, field pest management

1, seedling management

(1) when the peanut breaks the ground is now two true leaves, check the field lack of holes, such as the lack of holes immediately replanted.

(2) peanut seedling yellow, seedling weak may appear to lack of trace elements, you can apply "Fengchia Duobao" a bag of pot of water, replenish the seedling needs of a variety of nutrients and have to regulate the growth of the role of the seedling to promote the effect of the root of the effect of the strong.

(3) Seedling is the root, the plot of heavy crops for years, especially root rot, stem rot, white silk disease, blight and other root diseases are serious. The use of "Fengqia root protection" combined with "Fengqia multi-protection", the prevention and control of root diseases at the same time to achieve the effect of promoting the root of strong seedlings. Strictly abide by the principle of "prevention first, combination of prevention and treatment, comprehensive prevention and treatment", to reduce the occurrence of diseases, so as to achieve high yield and high quality.

(4) watering: this period of peanut drought resistance is strong, in the case of very dry combined with small water (farmers say: running water) can be, small water sprinkler irrigation is best.

2, flowering under the needle period management

From 50% of the plants began to bloom to 50% of the plants appeared chicken head-shaped young fruit for the flowering under the needle period. In this period, a large number of plants flowering, under the needle, nutritional growth and reproductive growth are in the beginning of the stage, the number of flowers can account for 50% to 60% of the total number of flowers, the formation of the number of fruit needles can account for the total number of 30 to 50%, and a larger number of fruit needles into the soil.

In the management to promote the combination of control, and strive to flower more needle Qi, fruit more fruit full, the main measures are:

(1) soil thickening soil to meet the needle, shorten the distance of the fruit needle into the soil, so that the fruit needle into the soil early, early results, the formation of more peanut fruits.

(2) water management: flowering under the needle period is the peanut life of the most water-demanding period (also critical period of peanut water demand), water demand accounted for half of the total water demand of the entire life cycle, this period of the soil water content for the soil maximum holding capacity of 60% to 70%, if the soil maximum holding capacity of 50% of the following should be flooded in a timely manner, watering to be a small ditch Run irrigation, do not irrigate with large amounts of water. In case of excessive rainfall, it should be excluded in a timely manner, so as to avoid stem and leaf prolongation and collapse, reducing yield and quality.

(3) According to the management of this period of time in the flowering period combined with "Fuda flower three more" or "Liu Zhaobao" high-yield package for the first time to spray, comprehensive control. The main role is to make peanuts more flowers, more fruit, improve peanut yield.

(4) If the previous year's root disease green blight, white silk disease or root rot occurs more seriously, you can use the "Fengchia root protection" for prevention, the first spray on the roots, according to the situation, the interval of 7-10 days or so spraying the second time. Once the symptoms are seen, the vascular tissues are already damaged and the nutrients can not be transmitted, so it is difficult to prevent and control the disease. It is best to spray after rain or when the moisture is good.

3, pod management

From 50% of the plants appeared chicken head-like young fruit to 50% of the plants appeared full fruit for the pod period. The podding period is generally 20-40 days, spring sowing in 30-40 days, summer sowing in 20-30 days. This period of growth is characterized by a large number of fruit needles into the soil to form young fruits or blighted fruits, nutritional growth reaches its peak, water and fertilizer consumption reaches its peak. During this period, peanut nutrient growth reaches its peak, high temperatures and sufficient light, to ensure adequate water. Pay attention to the control of dead seedlings and pests.

Podding period part of the plot has been saturated fruit formation, and at the same time is a variety of pests and diseases occurring alternately, therefore, do a good job in this period of field management is crucial to the final decision yield. In management to focus on the ground to control pests and diseases, while emphasizing the control of peanut root diseases.

Medium-high yielding plots, futile peanuts meet frequent rain or wind and rain, very easy to fall, peanut fall, stem and leaf overlap, appressed to the ground, poor ventilation, leaf rot, photosynthesis area is reduced, the organic matter manufacturing insufficient to reduce the yield seriously.

If the previous year's root diseases such as white silk disease or root rot disease occurs more seriously, or not prevented in the early stage, you can use the "Fengchia root protection" to prevent and control, the root spraying, according to the situation, the interval of 7-10 days or so spraying the second time. It is best to spray after rain or when the moisture is good.

According to the management of this period in the pod period and peanut seedlings about 30 cm, "Fuda flower three more" or "Liu Zhaobao" high-yield package for the second time to spray. The main role is to control Wang long, promote the transfer of nutrients to the root, fruit large fruit full, improve the rate of results; and the next crop has no impact.

4, full fruit ripening management

From 50% of the plants appeared full fruit to most of the pods full maturity for the full fruit ripening period, referred to as full fruit. Spring sowing peanut saturation period in 40-50 days, summer sowing in 30-40 days.

Pre-harvest 15-20 days combined with "Fuda flower three more" or "Liu Zhaobao" high-yield package for the third time to spray. The main thing is to prevent and control leaf spot disease, protect the stems and leaves, so that the peanuts do not die early, live stalks harvest. Increase the fullness of peanuts, improve peanut yield.

Remarks:

1) high-yield package management three times drug instant "two mix three spray" high-yield technology in the most important "three spray" technology.

2) According to the occurrence of thrips, greenfly and other insect pests, you can add the insect control directly in the formula of the drug together with the spray; In addition, according to the law of the occurrence of many years of pests, it is recommended that in the high-yield packages of the first and second spraying of the process of the control of greenfly pests of high efficiency and low toxicity of the long-lasting drug added to the process of prevention and control of the purpose of labor-saving early prevention and treatment.

3) peanut fertilizer should be based on the ground, the amount of base fertilizer used and peanut growth.

4) The principle of water management during the reproductive period: dry seedling, wet flower, moist pod.

Seven, timely harvest

According to the field and base harvest time survey in recent years, according to the seed of the original growth cycle 15-20 days in advance of the harvest of peanuts generally acres of yield reduction of about 30%.

How to grasp the best harvest time;

1, look at the whole plant growth, the top leaves late fall branches turn yellow, tree is not thin, the stem just bright is the best expression, specifically in the field, to see the stem branch base leaves basically yellow off, the stem branch from green to yellow, the top remains 4-6 pieces of intact leaves;

2, the underground part of the soil, peeled open the soil, look at the pods reticulation is clear. Shelling pods to see the color of the kernel, the color of the inner wall of the shell, whether the shell is hardened, etc.;

3, according to the inherent growth cycle of the seed to calculate the number of days, spring sowing is generally 125-135 days, the summer live peanuts for 100-115 days.

Fuda "two mix three spray" technology

I. "two mixed":

Peanuts before sowing using "Fengqia" or "Nongqia three-in-one" and other seed mixing agent and "Fengqia" seed mixing fertilizer. "Seed mixing fertilizer for seed treatment.

Seed mixing agent to make peanut seedlings strong, prevent peanut season is not grubs and other underground pests, above ground aphids and prevention of peanut rots and dead seedlings. "Fengqia" seed dressing fertilizer - balanced nutrition, stimulate seed potential, improve seed activity. The internal biochemical chelated phosphorus, sulfur, manganese, zinc, copper, cobalt and other functional elements can be fully into the seed, enhance the seed germination of the prime mover, to provide the seed germination 3 to 4 weeks after the required nutrients.

II. "Three spray":

"Fuda flower three more" or "Liu Zhao Bao" peanut high-yield three times the drug, according to the physiological characteristics of peanuts and high-yield cultivation techniques, in accordance with the former promotion. The center of control. After the protection of the management concept, after years of practice, the study of flower life pole maturity and fruit large fruit full of high-yield package.

The first time: peanut flowering spray, comprehensive control. The main role is to make the peanut more flowering, more fruit, improve peanut yield.

The second time: the pod period and peanut seedlings about 30 cm, spray. The main role is to control the vigorous growth, promote the transfer of nutrients to the roots, fruit large fruit full, improve the rate of results; and no effect on the next crop.

The third time: 15-20 days before harvest combined with spraying. The main thing is to prevent and control leaf spot disease, protect the stem and leaves, so that the peanut does not die early, live stalks harvest. Increase the fullness of peanuts and improve the yield of peanuts.

Peanuts to get a high yield, as long as the comprehensive use of the above "two mix three spray" technology, you can increase the yield by 30%, acres of increased benefits of more than 500 yuan, more information can be concerned about the WeChat public number "Fuda peanut network" or to apply for membership, to enjoy! More services, click into the membership application.