Capsicum, Capsicum of Solanaceae. According to maturity, there are green peppers and red peppers. Fresh green/red peppers can be eaten as the main course, and red peppers can be processed into dried peppers and Chili sauce, which are mainly used as seasonings for dishes.
For broomcorn millet, most of them have white flowers, the fruit is usually conical or rectangular, green when immature, bright red, yellow or purple when mature, and red is the most common. The causal skin of pepper contains capsaicin, which is spicy. Can stimulate appetite. The content of vitamin C in pepper ranks first among vegetables.
Pepper is native to tropical areas of Central and South America. /kloc-At the end of 0/5, Columbus brought pepper back to Europe after discovering America, and pepper also spread to other parts of the world. It was introduced to China in Ming Dynasty. There is a record of pepper in Chen Haozi's "Flower Mirror" in Qing Dynasty. Now it is widely planted in all parts of China, especially in Hunan and Sichuan, and is famous for being spicy but not afraid of spicy. Pepper has become a popular vegetable.
Effect on digestive system
Capsicum tincture or capsaicin can be taken orally as a stomach tonic, which can promote appetite and improve digestion. Animal experiments (Basov gastroachalasia dogs) have proved that pepper water stimulates oral mucosa and reflexively strengthens gastric movement. Condiments made of various peppers can increase saliva secretion and amylase activity after oral administration. Large doses of oral can produce gastritis, enteritis, diarrhea, vomiting and so on. Pepper has inhibitory and spasmodic effects on isolated animal intestines.
Antibacterial and insecticidal effects
Capsaicin has a significant inhibitory effect on Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis, but has no effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Its branches and leaves have no antibacterial effect and only slightly inhibit mycobacterium tuberculosis. 10 ~ 20% Zanthoxylum bungeanum decoction has the efficacy of killing bedbugs.
Redundancy
External use as liniment has soothing effect on the skin, makes the local blood vessels of the skin dilate reflexively, and promotes the vigorous local blood circulation. Tincture can be used for chilblain; However, some people think that pepper only strongly stimulates sensory nerve endings, causing warmth, and has little effect on blood vessels. It does not foam at high concentrations and cannot be regarded as a red agent.
Influence on circulatory system
Spicy substances (ginger, pepper, especially Zanthoxylum bungeanum) can stimulate the taste receptors of human tongue, and reflexively raise blood pressure (especially diastolic pressure), but have no obvious effect on pulse. Intravenous injection of capsaicin or capsaicin into anesthetized cats and dogs can cause transient blood pressure drop, slow heartbeat and dyspnea, which is caused by stimulating chemoreceptors or extensors in the lungs and coronary arteries. It can directly excite the isolated guinea pig atrium and contract the blood vessels in the hind limbs of rats.