Semimaple lotus is distributed in Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi and Guizhou in China. It grows on acid red soil, latosol or yellow soil with warm and humid climate and deep, loose, fertile, moist and well-drained soil.
The root of Hemiptera heterophylla is used as medicine to treat rheumatism, traumatic injury, blood stasis, swelling and pain, postpartum wind paralysis and so on. [ 1]
(Overview Figure Reference Source: China Natural Specimen Museum [2])
ginkgobiloba
Banfenghe
Latin scientific name
Semiliquidambar cathayensis Hung T. Chang[3]
another/alternative name
Schima superba, Schima superba and Schima microphylla
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plant kingdom
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angisopermae
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I advise you not to cherish the witch hazel, but you should cherish the half maple lotus.
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Distribution range of main varieties' growth environment, propagation methods, cultivation techniques, main value protection level of pest control
morphological character
Evergreen tree, about 17 meters high, with a DBH of 60 cm, and its bark is gray and slightly rough; The bud is ovoid and slightly pubescent; Dark brown and hairless after the branches of the year; Old branches are gray and have lenticels.
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Leaves clustered at the top of branches, leathery, heteromorphic, undivided, oval, 8- 13 cm long and 3.5-6 cm wide; The apex is acuminate, and the tail is1-1.5cm long; Base broadly cuneate or suborbicular, slightly unequal; Dark green above, shiny, light green below, hairless; Or palmately 3-lobed, the central lobe is 3-5 cm long, and the lobes on both sides are ovate-triangular, 2-2.5 cm long, obliquely upward, and sometimes unilaterally forked; The edge has glandular serrations; There are 3 palmate veins, the two sides are slender, often 5-8 mm away from the base on undivided leaves, and the central main vein has 4-5 pairs of lateral veins, which are obvious on the top and protrude on the bottom; Petiole is 3-4 cm long, stout, grooved on the upper part and hairless.
The short spikes of male flowers are arranged in an aggregate, with a length of 6 cm, complete absence of perianth, numerous stamens, extremely short filaments, and concave anther apex, with a length of 1.2 mm. Female flower's head is solitary, calyx tooth-shaped, 2-5 mm long, pubescent, style 6-8 mm long, apex curly and pilose, peduncle 4.5 cm long, glabrous. The capitulum is 2.5 cm in diameter, with 22-28 capsules, and the persistent calyx teeth are shorter than the style. [ 1]
Main variety
Chinese name
Latin scientific name
Namer and year
Pterocarya minbanensis
Semiliquidambar cathayensis var. fukienensis Hung T. Chang
Hung T. Chang， 1962
Hemiptera microphylla
Semiliquidambar cathayensis var.parvifolia (Chun) Hung T. Chang
(Chun) Hung T. Chang， 1962
[ 1][3][4]
growing environment
Half-maple lotus grows in the forest below 950 meters above sea level or in the sparse forest beside the stream. China mostly belongs to the south subtropical low mountain to Zhongshan, and wedges into the tropics to the south. The climate is warm and humid, with an annual average temperature of 18-24℃, the most Leng Yue average temperature of 7- 18℃, the extreme lowest temperature of 3-5℃, the hottest monthly average temperature of 20-28℃ and the annual precipitation of1300-2000mm. It grows well on acid red soil, latosol or yellow soil with deep, loose, fertile, moist and good drainage. [5]
distribution range
Half-phoenix lotus is distributed in Yongchun, southeastern Fujian, China, Longyan, Zhangping, Nanjing and Nanping in the southwest, Shicheng and Ruijin in the southeast of Jiangxi, Longnan, Jinnan and Xunwu Anyuan in the south, Yizhang in the south of Hunan, Taipo in the east of Guangdong and Ruyuan and Lianshan in the north, Qiongzhong, Lingshui, Baoting and Ledong in Hainan, Guanyang, Hexian, Yusheng and Lingui in the northeast of Guangxi. [5]
Breeding method
Seed collection: Half-maple lotus blooms in February and March, and a large number of fruits mature around first frost. The fruits are capsules and the mature cones are yellow-green. Excellent mother trees with strong growth, straight trunk and no diseases and insect pests 15 years old or above should be selected as picking trees. When collecting, the fruit balls are knocked off with bamboo poles, picked up, exposed in the sun to promote the cracking of the capsules, knocked and threshed with sticks, and impurities such as fruit shells and fruit stalks are screened out to obtain pure seeds, which are stored in the sun until the water content of the seeds is 8%. The germination rate of general nursery is 60%.
Banfenghe
Soil preparation and sowing: The seeds of half-maple lotus are very small, so the nursery should be carefully prepared, with sufficient base fertilizer, compost 1000 kg and phosphate fertilizer1000 kg per 667 square meters, and the soil should be disinfected with 2% formalin during soil preparation, and then the bed should be built. The bed width is 1 m, the bed height is 25 cm, and the walking ditch width is 30 cm. After the seedbed is completed, it should be drenched with oil-tea bran cake water once to prevent underground pests. The seedbed should be flat and the soil should be finely divided. Sowing should be started in February-March after finishing. After winter storage, the seeds do not need to undergo other treatments. Drill sowing should be adopted, with a spacing of15cm, a ditch in each strip of 2cm, and 2.5-4g seeds should be sown per square meter. The seeds should be covered with fine soil, and covered with straw after a little compaction. [6]
cultivation techniques
Seedling planting: Before afforestation, it is necessary to choose a good afforestation site. The growth of Pterocarya fortunei requires high conditions for soil water and fertilizer. It grows well in sunny, loose, deep, fertile and moist soil, and vice versa. Before planting, high-standard soil preparation and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied. It is required to dig large holes, with the specification of 70cm× 60cm× 60cm, and apply 25-50kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer or 5kg of cooked chicken manure as base fertilizer to each hole, and apply 3% carbofuran 1 g to the hole for soil treatment to prevent and control underground pests. The plant spacing of half-maple lotus species should be 4m× 4m or 4m× 5m.
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Planting and management: it is better to plant in spring. When planting, the tree body should be planted straight, the root system should be stretched, the soil should be stabilized by layers, and the root water should be drenched. Tending management should be strengthened in the first three years after young trees are planted. The growing season of semi-maple lotus is from May to September, so the tending management of semi-maple lotus should start in April and end in August. Loosening soil and weeding twice a year and topdressing. The amount of fertilizer applied to each plant is about 250-500 grams of compound fertilizer. When applying fertilizer, ditch and bury the fertilizer outside the drip line10cm. Do not let the fertilizer directly contact with the root system to avoid burning the root system. Tending should be combined with pruning and shaping to make the trunk grow straight and promote early forest formation. [6]