The loom was invented by Huang Daopo, a famous cotton weaver at the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty. Huang Daopo was admired by the people for popularizing textile technology and tools, and was honored as the ancestor of the cloth industry in Qing Dynasty. In weaving, she wove the famous black mud warp quilt by using the techniques of wrong yarn, color matching, heald and jacquard, which promoted the development of cotton textile technology and cotton textile industry in Songjiang area.

Loom introduces loom, the common name of loom. The earliest loom was the sitting loom (called waist loom). The use method is to step on the warp bar of the loom with your feet, hold the beating-up wooden knife in your right hand to tighten the weft, and make a gesture of throwing the weft thread with your left hand.

This waist pedal machine has no frame, one end of the cloth winding shaft is tied to the waist, and the warp beam at the other end is pedaled by both feet to tighten the cloth. The warp yarn is divided into two layers according to odd and even numbers by the warp splitter, the warp yarn is raised by the heald lifter to form a shed, the weft yarn is inserted by the bone needle and beaten by the beating-up knife. The most important achievement of waist weaving is the adoption of heald lifting rod, warp splitting rod and beating-up knife.

Although seemingly simple, this loom has three actions: up and down opening, left and right weft insertion, and back and forth tightening. It is the prototype of the modern loom.

Huang's brief introduction to Daopo (1245- 1330), also known as huangpo and Huangmu, was originally from Wunijing, Songjiang Prefecture (now Shanghai), and was a famous cotton weaver and technical reformer in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty.

As a child bride, she lived in Yazhou (now Yacheng Town, Sanya City, Hainan Province) because of unbearable abuse. In 40 years, she learned and improved the cotton textile technology from Li women, and summed up the weaving technology of "wrong yarn, color matching, heald and reeling". During the reign of Yuan Dynasty (1295 ~ 1297), he returned to his hometown, taught the villagers to improve their textile tools, made special machines such as rolling, elastic, spinning and weaving, and woven cotton cloth with various patterns.

Huang Daopo played an important role in promoting the rapid development of cotton textile industry and cotton planting industry in the Yangtze River valley, and later generations praised her as "textile processing's daughter". After his death, villagers in Qiong and Shanghai set up shrines to worship.