2. Choose the appropriate annual cultivation mode. In different cultivation facilities, the annual cultivation can be realized through the reasonable combination of high-temperature varieties such as high-temperature Pleurotus ostreatus and medium-low temperature edible fungi such as Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus nebrodensis and Flammulina velutipes. Mainly promote the annual cultivation mode of high-temperature Pleurotus ostreatus (Volvariella volvacea) with Pleurotus eryngii, high-temperature Pleurotus ostreatus (Volvariella volvacea) with Pleurotus nebrodensis, annual collocation of different temperature types of mushrooms, Flammulina velutipes with Coprinus comatus and so on. And select excellent strains, popularize and apply high-quality, high-yield, marketable and high-value varieties suitable for annual cultivation, and produce mother seeds, original seeds and cultivated seeds according to the technical regulations for the production of edible fungi strains.
3. Adopt the optimized high-yield formula. Straw was selected as the main substrate, and the high-yield cultivation formula was optimized after verification. Cultivation raw materials should be fresh, mildew-free, contain no toxic and harmful substances, and maintain appropriate particle size and certain water absorption capacity. The culture material is fermented by ventilation and sterilized under high pressure and normal pressure to achieve the effects of mildew prevention, rapid growth and yield increase. Such as the formula of Pleurotus nebrodensis: cottonseed hull 60, corncob 40, wheat bran 15, cottonseed cake powder 4, corn flour 5, calcium superphosphate10.5, urea 0.3, gypsum powder10.5, lime powder10.5 and water/kloc. The formula of high-temperature Pleurotus ostreatus: corn cob 60, cottonseed hull 40, wheat bran 15, cottonseed cake powder 6, corn flour 5, calcium superphosphate 1.5, urea 0.3, gypsum powder 1.5, lime powder 1.5 and water/kloc. The formula of Pleurotus eryngii: cottonseed hull 40, corn stalk 60, bran 15, cake fertilizer 7, calcium superphosphate 1, gypsum 1, urea 0.3, and water 160 (all in kilograms).
4. Scientific spawning techniques. According to the temperature characteristics of different varieties, scientific outbreak management is carried out. For example, the temperature of Pleurotus nebrodensis is 24℃ ~ 26℃, after the mycelium is full, it is cooked at 18℃ ~ 25℃ for 30 ~ 50 days, and the temperature difference stimulates the physiological maturity to produce mushrooms; The spawning temperature of Pleurotus eryngii is 20℃ ~ 22℃, and the spawning is stimulated at low temperature after the bag is full. The temperature of high-temperature Pleurotus ostreatus is 25℃ ~ 30℃, and it grows directly after eating. In the process of matching different varieties, for varieties that need to be inoculated in advance, the temperature and time of fungus growth should be controlled well.
5. Strengthen the management of the result period. According to the biological characteristics of the popularized varieties, the factors such as temperature, humidity, light and ventilation should be reasonably controlled to carry out scientific mushroom management. For example, after the mushroom buds of Pleurotus nebrodensis develop into young mushrooms, the ventilation in the mushroom shed should be gradually increased, and the temperature should be12℃ ~16℃; The air relative humidity is 85% ~ 90%, and the light intensity is 150 ~ 300 lux. The temperature of Pleurotus eryngii is 16℃ ~ 20℃, the air relative humidity is 85% ~ 90%, and the light intensity is 300 ~ 800 lux. The wall temperature of high-temperature Pleurotus ostreatus is below 26℃, the relative humidity of air reaches 85% ~ 95%, and the CO2 concentration in the mushroom shed should generally be controlled below 0.06%.
6. Integrated pest control. Adhere to the principle of comprehensive prevention and control based on environmental management, cultivation, physical and biological prevention and control measures, supplemented by chemical prevention and control, and use high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue drugs registered on edible fungi. Mainly spray the walkway or cover the soil with mushroom cups, without mushrooms, avoid mushrooms. Special attention should be paid to environmental disinfection in the connection of farming in two or three seasons.