In May 2020, according to the statistics of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the per capita kitchen waste in China was about 0. 15 kg/day. Based on the national population of1400 million, it means that China produces about 2 1 10,000 tons of kitchen waste every day.
Basic information
Chinese name
Kitchen waste
foreign name
Kitchen waste
classify
Cooked kitchen waste and raw kitchen waste
include
Discard unused vegetable leaves, leftovers, leftovers, peels, eggshells, tea dregs, bones, etc.
brief introduction
Narrow sense of kitchen waste is a kind of organic waste, which is divided into cooked kitchen waste and acoustic kitchen waste. Cooked kitchen waste mainly includes leftovers, leftovers and vegetable leaves. Raw kitchen waste includes peel, eggshell, tea residue, bone and shell; Generally refers to the source raw materials and finished products (cooked food) or residues needed in family life and diet. But kitchen waste in a broad sense also includes used chopsticks, food packaging materials and so on. [2]
characteristic
Kitchen waste contains extremely high moisture and organic matter, which is easy to rot and produce stench. After proper treatment and processing, it can be transformed into new resources. The characteristics of high organic matter content make it can be used as fertilizer and feed after strict treatment, and it can also produce biogas for fuel or power generation. The oil part can be used to prepare biofuels. [ 1]
collect
The illegal collection and recycling of kitchen waste will pose a threat to the environment and the health of residents. Separate collection of kitchen waste can reduce the amount of organic matter entering the landfill, reduce the generation of odor and landfill leachate, avoid the adverse impact of excessive water on garbage incineration, and reduce the corrosion of equipment. [ 1]
transport
The transportation of kitchen waste must be fully enclosed to prevent dripping and omission, and the car body must be clearly marked and have a quasi-transportation certificate issued by the competent government department before it can be engaged in transportation. [2]
deal with
Composting of kitchen waste in residential area: organic waste such as kitchen waste is treated and composted by the residential area, and the obtained organic fertilizer (also understandable farmyard manure) can be properly distributed and utilized, so that resources can be recycled.
Principle of special strain material: prepare two special kitchen waste barrels that can be completely sealed at home, with filter screen, groove and faucet for drainage below. Organic fertilizer deodorizer: natural rice bran and soybean powder are used as media, containing lactic acid bacteria, radiation bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria. Kitchen waste: all sizes can be eaten, and raw and cooked meat and vegetables are not taboo.
service routine
1 Drain the kitchen waste generated in the kitchen every day, put it into the trash can, sprinkle a layer of special organic fertilizer deodorant on each layer of waste, and seal the lid of the trash can.
Organic fertilizers, deodorants and trash cans should be sealed at any time and protected from sunlight.
Remember to turn on the faucet of the kitchen waste collection bucket every day to discharge the water generated in the fermentation process in the bucket to avoid odor.
4. The seeping water discharged from the kitchen waste collection barrel every day can be diluted by about100 ~ 300 times, which can become liquid fertilizer for plants, or discharged into the toilet bowl, the flow counter and the sink hole of the bathroom, which can promote the smooth drainage pipeline.
5. After the kitchen waste is collected in full barrels, it will be sealed for 7 to 10 days, buried in the soil, or mixed with 5 times of soil and fermented again 15 to 20 days, and then it will be used as a potted plant or garden cover, which will become a good organic fertilizer.
6 If the organic fertilizer made from kitchen waste is applied to fruit trees, roadside trees or campus trees over 1.2 meters, a hole with a diameter of about 50 cm and a depth of about 60 cm can be dug at a distance of about 1.5 meters from the trunk, and then a barrel of decomposed kitchen waste of about 12 kg can be directly poured in, with at least/kloc-0 covered on it.