What is the correct pronunciation of goblet: Gōng

Goblet Introduction:

Goblet is an ancient Chinese vessel for holding wine. It was popular in the late Shang to early Western Zhou period. It has an oval or square body with a rounded foot or four feet. With a cover, the cover is made into a horned animal head or an elephant head with a long snout rolled up. Some goblets were made in the shape of animals, with the head and back as the cover, the body as the belly, and the four legs as the feet.

And goblet decorative pattern with ??zun, bird and animal wine containers are similar, so some people mistake it for animal-shaped zun. However, the goblet is different from the animal-shaped zun, the cover of the goblet is made in the shape of the head of the animal connected to the back of the animal, and the flow of the goblet is in the shape of the neck of the animal, which can be used for pouring wine.

The ox-shaped copper goblet is a wine vessel, with the head and back of the ox as the cover, and wine in the belly. The neck is the stream. The head and horn shape of this ox is a common image of buffalo in the south of the Yangtze River, and a tiger stands on the back of the ox, which is both a practical catcher and a decoration. The bull is also decorated with phoenix and bird motifs, dragon motifs and animal face motifs. The stylized design and practicality of this goblet are perfectly integrated, showing excellent craft design ideas.

The Shang Dynasty ox goblet is a bronze wine container from the late Shang Dynasty, which was unearthed in November 1977 in Baojiadaizi, on the north bank of the steaming water in Hengyang City. Baojiadaizi is about 1,000 meters south of Jieshendu, about 200 meters long from east to west and 100 meters wide from north to south, and about 1.5 meters above the surrounding ground.

Then, the bull goblet was buried in the black-brown soil about 1 meter deep, with its head facing east and no traces of burial around it, when it was buried deep in the center of the terrace by the tribal leaders or elders after a ritual ceremony to worship heaven and earth and pray for peace.

The bull goblet is 19.8 centimeters long, 14 centimeters high, with a wall thickness of 0.2 centimeters; it is in the shape of a water buffalo, with an uplifted head, flattened and curved horns, ears under the horns, eyes protruding out, a rounded abdomen, four separate feet, and short, stout hoofs and feet with a drooping tail. Bull goblet to head, back for the cover, the neck for the flow of the vessel; cover the top of the application of a standing tiger to mention the button, the tiger's head forward, the tiger's tail is straight, the end of the tail is slightly cocked, the cover of the back protruding a prong.

The body of the vessel is decorated throughout the body to the cloud and thunder pattern for the ground pattern, to the phoenix and bird pattern, kui dragons, animal face pattern and other main pattern. Cow Zun two sides of the abdomen on each side of a long-tailed phoenix bird pattern, before and after the bull goblet from the scapula to the buttocks tail, up and down from the goblet mouth to the bull goblet before and after the upper legs; phoenix bird standing tall, phoenix eyes round and large, beak is folded at a right angle down, the head feathers fly backward, the phoenix tail upward curved;

cow abdomen in the middle of the kui dragons, skillfully fill in the phoenix between the head and tail of the bird gap. The bull's neck and front chest are applied with vertical ribs, both sides are applied with symmetrical kui dragons, and the lower end is animal face pattern. Ox tail vertebrae applied a relief ox head-like animal face pattern, tail section of the middle of the application of the theft of curved lines, the lower end of the decoration of feather pattern. The back of the top of the cover is the main pattern of animal face and fish body, the tail of the fish is directly against the head of the bull, supplemented by cloud and thunder pattern on both sides.

The bull goblet is as green as jade, the shape is solid and heavy, the production is extremely fine, the cover, the body is connected to the curve of the natural and smooth; The whole body is decorated, the pattern is exquisite, the idea is rigorous, the layout is in order, the main pattern and the pattern of the ground is a reflection of each other, the red tape but not messy.

The main pattern of the phoenix and bird pattern, kui dragons, animal-face pattern and standing tiger buttons, all permeated with a kind of force of the mysterious and deterrent, with the obvious characteristics of the late Shang period of the Central Plains bronze culture.

Bull goblet is extremely realistic in both shape and size, which is obviously different from that of the Central Plains culture which tends to be symbolic and patterned. The overall shape of the bull goblet is solid without losing subtlety, and it is a masterpiece of the combination of the Central Plains culture and the indigenous culture.