The food for hyperlipidemia should be maintained: low calorie, low cholesterol, low fat, low sugar and high fiber diet. 1. Low calorie: 2. Low fat, low cholesterol diet: 1) Bean products: 2) Mushrooms, auricularia auricula: 3) Onions, garlic: 4) Marine fish: 5) Skim milk, yogurt: 6) Tea: 7) High fiber diet:
Food for treating hyperlipidemia
1. Ganoderma lucidum alone or in combination with hypolipidemic drugs can lower serum cholesterol, triacylglycerol and low-density lipoprotein, and increase high-density lipoprotein. At the same time, it can also reduce the whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity, and improve the hemorheology disorder. The protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum can prevent or alleviate the liver injury caused by chemical synthesis of lipid-regulating drugs. Ganoderma lucidum's function of regulating blood lipid is the basis of its protective effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Second, fish and fish contain extremely low saturated fat, especially cold-water fish from deep sea, which contain a lot of W-3 fatty acids. According to the research of American scientists, people who take W-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA supplements) have lower cholesterol, triglyceride and blood viscosity, and also have the effect of lowering blood pressure. Third, fruits and vegetables Eating a lot of fruits, vegetables and water-soluble fiber is beneficial to lowering cholesterol. Light water-soluble fiber (such as whole wheat bran) can prevent constipation, but it is not helpful to lower cholesterol. Foods containing water-soluble fiber include beans, dates, apples, figs, dried plums, cauliflower, oat bran and so on. Dried plums contain 60% soluble pectin, soybeans and their products have the same effect, and konjac food also contains a lot of water-soluble fiber. Fourth, garlic American researchers found that eating half a garlic a day (the whole one is better) can help some people lower10% cholesterol and lower blood pressure. The healthy active ingredient in garlic is alliin. Taking 900 mg of tasteless garlic capsules every day has the same effect as eating garlic. 5. Onions Onions can also lower cholesterol and blood pressure, and have the effect of lowering blood viscosity, which is quite similar to aspirin. Dietary Precautions: 1, the staple food is generally rice and flour, but we prefer coarse grains, such as oats, cereal, corn flour, etc., because these foods contain more inorganic salts and vitamins, and are rich in dietary fiber, which has the function of lowering blood sugar and is beneficial to controlling blood sugar. In particular, long-term drinking of bitter buckwheat tea without getting angry has a good therapeutic effect on reducing hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension! 2. The protein source of patients with high blood sugar is soybean and its bean products. On the one hand, the quality of the protein it contains is good; On the other hand, it contains no cholesterol and has the function of reducing blood fat, so it can replace some animal foods, such as meat. 3. During the calorie control period, when you are still hungry, you can eat vegetables with less sugar, boil them in water and add some seasonings to eat. Vegetables are essential food for diabetics because of their high dietary fiber, high water content, low heating energy and satiety. 4. Prohibited foods include: white sugar, red pond, glucose and sugary sweets, such as candy, cakes, jam, candied fruit, ice cream and sweet drinks. In addition, potatoes, yams, taro, lotus roots, garlic sprouts, carrots, etc., which contain more carbohydrates, are used less or the corresponding staple foods are reduced after eating. 5, lard, butter, foreign oil, cream, butter, etc. rich in saturated fatty acids are used less, and it is best not to use them. Vegetable oil can be used instead of some animal oil. Peanuts, walnuts, sesame seeds and melon seeds also contain a lot of fat. Try not to eat or eat less or reduce oil intake. 6. Egg yolk and animal internal organs such as liver, brain and waist contain quite high cholesterol and should be used as little as possible or not. 7. Fruit contains glucose and fructose, which can raise blood sugar, so when blood and urine sugar are relatively stable, fasting blood sugar <; 7.8mmol/L or 2 hours postprandial blood glucose <: 10mmol/L, you can eat it at two meals or before going to bed, but you should also reduce the corresponding staple food. 8, alcohol, mainly containing alcohol, high heat production, and other nutrients content is very small, so it is appropriate not to drink. 9. In addition to controlling the total calorie, the diet of patients with high blood sugar should also be diversified, but because of the restriction of sugar and salt, the taste of dishes is relatively single. In view of this, many sweeteners, such as sweet chrysanthemum and sweet sugar, have been produced in the market, which do not produce heat and contain any nutrients. In recent two years, one sweetener is proteoglycan, which is composed of amino acids, does not produce heat and has no side effects, and is an ideal sweetener at present, such as Newt sugar and Yuanzhen sugar. 10, for insulin-dependent patients, it is also necessary to strictly implement diet control under the guidance of doctors and nutritionists. For obese diabetic patients complicated with hypertension and coronary heart disease, besides strict diet control, animal viscera, egg yolk, roe, etc. are forbidden, and animal oils such as butter, lard, butter, etc. are strictly controlled, among which saturated fatty acids are unfavorable to prevent atherosclerosis. 1 1, for diabetic patients with renal insufficiency, in addition to controlling the total calories, attention should be paid to the intake of less salt, no salt or less sodium and protein according to the condition. The supply of protein should not be too high, and soy products should be avoided. For uremia, a low-protein diet should be adopted. The protein is about 30 grams per day. The staple food is wheat starch instead of rice, noodles and protein, and high-quality protein, such as milk and eggs, is the first choice. 12, Ginkgo biloba: Ginkgo biloba can also reduce blood lipid and blood cholesterol, reduce oxygen consumption of myocardium, prevent arteriosclerosis and myocardial infarction, and prevent thrombosis. 13, coffee, tea caffeine will increase cholesterol in the body. Therefore, we should pay attention to drinking coffee and tea as little as possible, and prohibit taking drugs containing caffeine. 14, cooking methods of food. In cooking animal food, frying is absolutely avoided. The more suitable method is steaming and roasting, so that the grease in food can drip out. 15, the elderly with high cholesterol over 70 years old, diet therapy is of little significance, because for them, nutrition is more important. What kind of fruit is good for hyperlipidemia? Apples are rich in pectin (a water-soluble dietary fiber), which can reduce the concentration of cholesterol in the blood and prevent fat accumulation. Pectin in apples can also be combined with other cholesterol-lowering substances, such as vitamin C, fructose, magnesium, etc., to form new compounds, thus enhancing the efficacy of reducing blood lipids. It has been reported that people who eat1~ 2 apples a day can reduce their blood cholesterol by 10%. In view of this, we can make ourselves form the good habit of eating apples every day.
After discovering hyperlipidemia, we should first adjust our diet, improve our lifestyle and control the above influencing factors. On this basis, drug treatment is carried out. Specifically, it includes: 1. Restricting high-fat foods: Strictly choose foods with low cholesterol content, such as vegetables, bean products, lean meat, jellyfish, etc., especially eating more vegetables with more cellulose can reduce the absorption of intestinal cholesterol. However, we can't limit the intake of high fat unilaterally, because the intake of some essential fatty acids is beneficial to the body. It is reasonable to eat a diet containing more unsaturated fatty acids (controlling saturated fatty acids) in moderation. Various vegetable oils, such as peanut oil, soybean oil and rapeseed oil, are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, while animal oils, such as lard, sheep oil and butter, mainly contain saturated fatty acids. All the cholesterol in food comes from animal oil food, such as egg yolk, animal viscera, roe and brain, etc., which contains high cholesterol and should be avoided or used less. 2. Change the way of cooking: cook with less oil and try to steam, cook and cool. Eat less fried food. 3. Restrict sweets: Sugar can be converted into endogenous triglycerides in the liver, which increases the concentration of triglycerides in plasma, so the intake of sweets should be restricted. 4. Weight loss: For people whose weight exceeds the normal standard, they should gradually lose weight under the guidance of a doctor, and it is appropriate to lose weight1~ 2 kg per month. The diet principle for weight loss is low fat, low sugar and enough protein. 5. Strengthen physical activity and physical exercise: Physical activity can not only increase the consumption of heat energy, but also enhance the body's metabolism, improve the activity of some enzymes in the body, especially lipoprotein esterase, which is conducive to the transportation and decomposition of triglycerides, thus reducing blood lipids. 6. Quit smoking and drink less: Moderate drinking can significantly increase high-density lipoprotein and decrease low-density lipoprotein levels in serum. Therefore, moderate drinking can reduce the prevalence of coronary heart disease. Excessive drinking or long-term drinking can stimulate the liver to synthesize more endogenous triglycerides, which will increase the concentration of low-density lipoprotein in the blood and cause hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, middle-aged people had better not drink alcohol. The incidence and mortality of coronary heart disease in smokers are 2 ~ 6 times that of non-smokers, and are in direct proportion to the number of cigarettes smoked every day. 7. Avoid excessive tension: Emotional tension and excessive excitement can cause an increase in blood cholesterol and triglycerides. In this case, a small dose of sedative can be used (as prescribed by the doctor). 8. Drug therapy: Patients with hyperlipidemia who cannot be controlled by the above methods should be treated with drugs. Please consult a professional doctor and the doctor will make a choice according to the specific cause and condition. 9. Physical therapy: The low-intensity laser therapeutic instrument for snow cleaning is a high-tech product with independent intellectual property rights developed according to modern laser medicine and clinical practice. It has obtained the national invention patent and achieved good therapeutic effect through clinical trials in many hospitals.
Edit the drug selection method for hyperlipidemia treatment in this paragraph.
How to choose a lipid-lowering drug with high TC value, you can choose the following drugs: Polygonum multiflorum tablets contain lecithin and rhein, which can cause mild diarrhea and increase cholesterol excretion. Usage: Take 3 tablets orally, 3 times a day. This medicine is easy to cause diarrhea, so people with chronic diarrhea should use it with caution. Maian granule is composed of hawthorn and malt, and has the function of promoting digestion and resolving food stagnation. Usage: Every time 1 bag (18g), take it twice a day. After taking the medicine, there are occasional side effects such as pantothenic acid, stomach discomfort, diarrhea, etc. Those with hyperacidity or ulcer should use it with caution. Maikang is composed of Antoine, celery seed and Flos Sophorae Immaturus, which has the effects of lowering blood lipid, lowering blood pressure and improving vascular fragility. Usage: Take orally each time 1 tablet (0.3g), three times a day. After use, it will occasionally cause liver function damage, and those with original liver function decline should be careful when using it. Anluoning consists of Chinese and western medicines such as aluminum salt of atropine, Polygonum Multiflori Radix, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Fructus Cucurbitae Viride, Radix Puerariae, Semen Cassiae, Fructus Crataegi and vitamin C. It is suitable for patients with hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease or hypertension, and has certain effects of reducing blood lipid and improving chest tightness. Usage: Take 3 tablets orally, 3 times a day. After use, patients with occasional liver function damage and original liver function decline should use it with caution or not. Fenofibrate is a powerful new lipid-lowering drug. Usage: Take orally 1 tablet, three times a day. After taking it, it can cause mild liver function damage, and a few patients have gastrointestinal symptoms or a temporary slight increase in serum urea nitrogen, which can return to normal after stopping taking the drug. Liver and renal function should be checked regularly during taking the medicine. It should be used with caution for those with decreased liver and renal function, and prohibited for pregnant women. Yiduoester is a derivative of atropine, which has obvious lipid-lowering effect, strong anti-microthrombosis and low serum uric acid. Usage: Take orally once 1 capsule, twice a day. Occasionally, stomach upset, serum urea nitrogen increase, ulcer disease and liver and kidney function damage should be used with caution. Furanylon is a protein anabolic steroid, which can reduce cholesterol and triglyceride, and the lipid-lowering effect is obvious. Usage: Take orally 1 tablet, three times a day. It is harmful to liver function and can increase blood sugar. People with original liver diseases or diabetes should use it with caution. Jiangzhiping is composed of Antonymine, nicotinic acid, Ganle, vitamin B6, Kanglilong, etc. It has the functions of lowering blood fat and lowering blood pressure. Usage: Take orally 1 tablet, three times a day. This medicine has obvious lipid-lowering effect, but it has slight damage to the liver. Inositol nicotinate is an ester of nicotinic acid, which has a certain effect on lowering serum triglyceride. Usage: Take orally 1 tablet, 3 times a day, which may cause side effects such as mild nausea or facial damp. Antoine has obvious lipid-lowering effect. Usage: Take orally once 1 tablet, 3-4 times a day. There may be gastrointestinal side effects and temporary liver dysfunction, so patients with original liver diseases should be careful. Xuezhikang is a blood lipid regulator extracted from monascus, which contains lovastatin, a variety of unsaturated fatty acids and essential amino acids. It can obviously reduce the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C, and slightly increase HDL-C.. Xuezhikang can alleviate atherosclerotic plaque lesions in different degrees, prevent fatty liver, lower blood sugar in diabetic patients, promote the recovery of patients with cerebral infarction, inhibit the synthesis of TC in liver and reduce LDL-C, and have no obvious side effects. The daily dosage is 0.6-1.2g. For hyperlipidemia with moderate and low elevation, 0.6 g per day is taken orally for half a year, and the effect is obvious; For those with high blood lipids, 0.9-1.2g daily. Abeta is a lipid-regulating drug for treating hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and mixed hyperlipidemia. Clinical research shows that it can obviously reduce triglycerides and cholesterol, and increase high density lipoprotein, which is beneficial to prevent and treat atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease and improve insulin resistance of diabetic patients. Adult dosage: 200mg orally, 3 times a day. The maintenance dose of patients with good curative effect can be 200mg twice a day. When renal function is impaired, adjust the dosage according to creatinine clearance rate: 40-60ml/min, twice a day, 200mg； each time; 15-40ml/min, 200mg； every day or every other day 1 time; When it is lower than 15ml/min, 400mg every 3 days 1 time. In 2009 10, Japan's Cihui University found that natural Astaxanthin (astaxanthin in English) can consume human triglycerides and increase HDL30% and adiponectin 35%. The reason is not clear. In addition, drugs such as artichoke and silymarin have the effects of lowering blood lipid and protecting liver, and are suitable for patients with hyperlipidemia and liver dysfunction.
Edit the daily precautions of patients with hyperlipidemia in this paragraph
1, limit the intake of sodium salt. The diet should be light and less salty. Eating too much salt will make blood vessels harden and blood pressure rise. It is advisable to eat less than 5g of salt every day. 2. Eat less animal fat. Animal fat cholesterol content is high, which can accelerate arteriosclerosis. Such as liver, brain and heart, should be eaten less. 3. Eat less sweets. Sweet food has high sugar content and can be converted into fat in the body, which is easy to promote obesity and arteriosclerosis. 4, quit smoking and avoid alcohol. Patients who are addicted to alcohol and tobacco will suffer from myocardial infarction and stroke due to excessive alcohol and tobacco. 5. Eat more foods containing potassium. Potassium can alleviate the harmful effects of sodium in the body, promote the discharge of sodium and reduce blood pressure. Potash-containing foods include beans, tomatoes, dairy products, kelp, fresh mushrooms and various green leafy vegetables, and fruits include oranges, apples, bananas, pears, pineapples, kiwis, walnuts, hawthorn and watermelons. 6. Eat more foods containing protein and vitamins. Such as fish, milk, lean meat and bean products. 7. Eat more calcium-containing foods. American medical experts believe that patients with hypertension insist on eating high-calcium food every day, which can have obvious antihypertensive effect. Foods containing calcium include: dairy products, bean products, peanuts, red dates, kelp, auricularia auricula, walnuts, fish and so on.
Edit the seven misunderstandings of hyperlipidemia in this paragraph
[5] Myth 1: Hyperlipidemia means high triglycerides. Many people think that hyperlipidemia means too much "oil and water", that is, the triglyceride index is high. In fact, blood lipid is a general term for fatty substances in blood, which mainly includes cholesterol and triglycerides. Dyslipidemia generally includes three situations, that is, the total cholesterol or low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in serum is higher than the normal range, the triglyceride level is higher than the normal range, or the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is low. Professor Dai Qiuyan, chief physician of the Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, pointed out that abnormal cholesterol, especially high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, is a serious hazard to human health. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, also known as "bad cholesterol", contains too much low-density lipoprotein in the blood, which will be deposited on the arterial wall, and together with other factors that damage vascular endothelium, it will form atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are like "untimely bombs" in blood vessels. Once the plaques rupture, they will lead to the formation of blood clots, which will lead to vascular stenosis or directly lead to acute myocardial infarction, stroke or even sudden death. Therefore, low density lipoprotein cholesterol is an important blood lipid detection index at present. Even if the total cholesterol level is not very high and there are too many low-density lipoprotein, it should still be paid attention to. On the contrary, HDL is a kind of protective lipoprotein, which can prevent atherosclerosis. Therefore, if the increase in cholesterol is only caused by high-density lipoprotein, it has no effect on health. Myth 2: No "arrow" on the laboratory sheet is normal. Most patients with hyperlipidemia are found during the blood test, so many people pay special attention to the cholesterol index in the physical examination results. If no "arrow" is found on the laboratory sheet, they feel safe. In fact, the normal values of blood lipids are different between the general population and patients who have suffered from coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, or have had myocardial infarction or stroke. The blood lipid target value of these people is more stringent, which should be lower than the reference value on the blood lipid test sheet, that is, the low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) should be lower than 100mg/dL or 2.6 mmol/L. Men over 40 years old, postmenopausal women, obese people, people with xanthoma, dyslipidemia and family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should not only refer to the indicators on the laboratory list, but should be controlled lower. And as a high-risk group suffering from hyperlipidemia, such people should be tested for blood lipids once a year. Myth 3: Thin people don't get hyperlipidemia. In people's impression, hyperlipidemia is often equated with obesity. It seems that hyperlipidemia is only the patent of fat people. Those who are slim tend to ignore the blood lipid test. Professor Dai Qiuyan pointed out that there is no necessary relationship between people's blood lipid level and body shape. Hyperlipidemia is divided into primary and secondary. Primary hyperlipidemia is related to environment and heredity. Secondary hyperlipidemia is secondary to other diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, nephrotic syndrome, hypothyroidism, chronic obstructive liver disease, pancreatitis and so on. Therefore, thin people are not immune to hyperlipidemia. Myth 4: The lower the blood lipid, the better. The subtle harm of high blood lipid to blood vessels must be paid attention to, but the lower the blood lipid, the better. Studies abroad have found that the incidence of tumors will increase if blood lipids are too low. Because cholesterol and triglycerides are essential nutrients for human body, too much or too little is not good for health. Professor Dai Qiuyan pointed out that the increase of low density lipoprotein cholesterol is one of the main causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease. In recent years, scientific research results have consistently shown that lowering LDL cholesterol can significantly reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Therefore, most guidelines for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia advocate that the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of high-risk patients with cardiovascular diseases should be reduced to below 100 mg/dL(2.6 mmol/L). The following categories of people belong to the high-risk group of cardiovascular disease: first, long-term smokers; Second, hypertension (BP ≥140/90 mmhg); Third, the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is too low (<; 40 mg/dl)； Fourth, those who have a family history of premature coronary heart disease, that is, male immediate family members are less than 55 years old and female immediate family members are less than 65 years old; 5. Men over 45 years old and women over 55 years old; Sixth, obese people. Myth 5: Without symptoms, there is no need to treat many patients with hyperlipidemia. There are no special symptoms, so dyslipidemia is regarded as a chronic disease like hypertension and diabetes, thinking that it will not cause big problems in the short term. In fact, hyperlipidemia is the "chronic killer" of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health. If hyperlipidemia is not controlled for a long time, it is most likely to cause three kinds of diseases: first, heart diseases, including cardiac arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris or myocardial infarction; Second, cerebrovascular diseases, mainly cerebral thrombosis and cerebral hemorrhage caused by cerebrovascular sclerosis; Third, renal diseases, renal arteriosclerosis can easily lead to uremia. In order to prevent the occurrence of the above-mentioned heart, brain and kidney diseases, hypolipidemic treatment can not be ignored. Myth 6: You can stop taking drugs if you eat lightly in summer. Many patients feel that if you eat lightly in hot summer, your blood lipids will not rise, thus ignoring normal medication. In fact, lipid-lowering drugs often have two functions: first, they can lower blood lipids; Second, it has the effect of anti-atherosclerosis and stabilizing plaque. Animal experiments and large-scale clinical studies have found that long-term use of lipid-lowering statins can reduce the size of atherosclerotic plaques. Professor Dai Qiuyan said that lipid-lowering is a long-term process. During the treatment, besides adjusting diet and strengthening exercise, the increase or decrease of lipid-lowering drugs should listen to the doctor's advice and don't stop taking drugs at will. Myth # 7: Just control blood lipids, but ignore the protection of the liver. The liver is the main place for fatty acid synthesis and oxidation, cholesterol synthesis, protein synthesis and removal of abnormal lipoproteins. Many people may not know that dyslipidemia can also cause fatty liver. Hyperlipidemia will lead to liver function damage, long-term hyperlipidemia will lead to fatty liver, liver atherosclerosis will be damaged, liver lobules will be damaged, and then the structure will change, which will lead to cirrhosis and damage liver function. Simply put, hyperlipidemia increases the burden of liver metabolism and affects liver function over time. However, low liver function reduces lipid metabolism, which is more likely to lead to dyslipidemia, which causes a large amount of lipids to deposit in liver cells to form fatty liver and lead to more serious liver diseases. Hyperlipidemia and liver function damage are interactive. In the daily treatment of hyperlipidemia, we should not neglect to protect the liver. Patients with hyperlipidemia can take some health care products with liver protection, such as Zhisu soft capsules. These liver-protecting products can play an auxiliary role in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.