I. Activity Background

Festivals are a cultural phenomenon, and the Spring Festival is even more so. Spring Festival is the grandest festival in the context of traditional Chinese culture. It originated in the Yin and Shang dynasties as a year-end ritual for gods and ancestors, and was associated with religion, sacrifices, celebrations, and gatherings. The traditional Spring Festival is characterized by various legends about the "New Year" beast, the creation of the Mannian calendar, keeping the New Year's Eve, posting Spring Festival couplets, and enjoying ice lanterns; customs such as dust-sweeping, Spring Festival couplets, door paintings, posting the Chinese character for "Fortune" upside down, keeping the New Year's Eve, firecrackers, paying homage to the New Year, watching the big opera, and the Lantern Festival; and Lahai congee, rice cake, dumplings, and Yuanxiao, which is the most solemn festival, rice cake, dumplings, snacks, spring cakes and other food customs; and the first day of the year do not sweep the floor, do not go through the back door, do not scold the children, and congratulate each other on the New Year, such as the custom of ......

The culture of the Spring Festival after thousands of years, the quality of the quality is unchanged, and the quality of this quality is derived from the birth of our "cultural roots! The charm of the Spring Festival culture makes the Spring Festival the most cohesive festival. Whenever the Spring Festival is approaching, uprooted travelers have rushed home to reunite with their loved ones, once a year hundreds of millions of people "Spring Festival" climax, explaining the status of the Spring Festival in the hearts of the Chinese people. With the Spring Festival related to the New Year's custom, has long been a rite of passage gradually changed into a kind of branding in every Chinese body, a kind of integration into every Chinese bloodstream habits, a kind of cultural factors into the bone marrow of every Chinese people.

Second, the purpose of the activities:

To understand the customs of the Spring Festival

To understand the origin of the Spring Festival

To understand the Spring Festival of the various ethnic habits

Third, the form of the activities

1, to understand that New Year's Eve is the most solemn and grandest of the traditional festivals of the Chinese nation, and is the most awaited by the children of every Chinese nation. Let the students understand the knowledge related to the New Year more comprehensively, from the form of the New Year to approach the New Year, study the New Year, and then understand the origin of the Spring Festival, etiquette and related customs.

2, to the supermarket, jewelry house, holiday gift house, etc. to visit, investigation, visits, Internet search for relevant information, to train students to collect and organize information and according to the information to analyze the problem, problem solving ability.

3, can use information technology to collect information about the Spring Festival of nationalities around the world. Cultivate students' ability to process, summarize and apply the collected information.

4. To be able to clearly state their research findings and feelings, and to be able to present their research results in a certain form.

Fourth, the process of activities

Preparation for activities:

1, before the activity, contact the relevant people to teach the mythological origin of the Spring Festival, customs and other related knowledge;

2, to prepare some knowledge of the Spring Festival of different ethnic groups and countries (sources include books, online).

3. Students prepare various materials (including short stories, pictures, etc.)

4. Prepare some equipments needed for the outing, such as cameras, etc.

Phase 1: Determine the theme of the activity ,make a plan in groups

1. Through the topic-opening class, the students discussed and came up with the general topic of the research, "Chinese New Year Folklore," as well as the three themes of the research: "the origin of the Spring Festival", "the customs of the Spring Festival", "the Spring Festival of various cultures".

2. Students were free to combine according to their favorite themes, assigning people and choosing the leaders of each group. Then led by the group leader, they clarified the objectives, tasks and requirements of the activities and made plans for the activities.

The second stage: the implementation stage of the activities

1, according to the group to carry out investigations, visits, picture collection, find information; field trips; analyze the results of the survey and the information obtained from the activities carefully keep records. By the leader of each group is responsible for the division of labor to complete (visit: field visits, telephone interviews and other forms, the object of the appropriate coverage of the old, middle and young three age groups, group members according to the situation of the visit to do a good job of recording)

2, focused on exchanges, cooperation and exploration. Each group discusses the experience of the activity and the problems encountered in the activity. According to the experience of the activity and the exchange between group members to learn lessons and adjust the method.

3. Organize information and form opinions.

The origin of the Spring Festival:

The legend of the Spring Festival

According to the legend, in ancient China, there was a monster called "Nian", which had a long head with horns and was ferocious. "It lived deep under the sea for many years, and only climbed ashore on New Year's Eve to devour livestock and hurt people. Therefore, every New Year's Eve, the people of villages and hamlets fled to the mountains to avoid the harm of the beast.

This New Year's Eve, Peach Blossom Village, people are supporting the old and young to take refuge in the mountains, from the village came a begging old man, see his hand on crutches, arm with a bag bag, silver beard flowing, eyes like a star. Folks have sealed the windows and locked the door, some packing, some cattle and sheep, everywhere people shouting and horse neighing, a scene of panic in a hurry. At this time, who has the heart to care for the old man begging. Only the east end of the village, an old woman gave the old man some food, and advised him to quickly go up the mountain to avoid the "year" beast, the old man stroked his beard and laughed: Granny, if you let me stay at home for a night, I must be the "year" beasts out of the way. The old woman looked closely, see his hair, hale and hearty, extraordinary. But she still continue to persuade, begging the old man smiled but did not say. The old woman had no choice but to leave her home behind and take refuge in the mountains.

In the middle of the night, the "New Year" beast broke into the village. It found that the atmosphere in the village was different from that of previous years: the old lady's house at the east end of the village had a big red paper on the door, and the candles in the house were burning brightly. "The beast shivered and gave a strange cry. The "Nian" stared angrily at the old lady's house for a moment, and then pounced on her with a wild cry. Near the door, the yard suddenly came "bang bang pop" sound of explosions, "year" trembling, no longer dare to come forward. It turns out that Nian is afraid of the color red, fire and explosions. At this time, the door of the mother-in-law's house was wide open, only to see an old man wearing a red robe in the yard laughing. The "Nian" was shocked and fled in a panic.

The next day was the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar, and the people who had returned from their refuge were very surprised to see that the village was safe and sound. It was only then that the old woman realized what she was doing, and rushed to the townspeople to tell them about the old man's promise to beg. Villagers flocked to the old lady's home, only to see the old lady's home with red paper on the door, a pile of unburned bamboo in the yard is still in the "snap" blast, a few red wax candles inside the house is still glowing with the remaining light of the ...... ecstatic villagers to celebrate the arrival of good luck, have to change the new clothes and wear a new hat! The story soon spread to the surrounding villages. This incident soon spread in the surrounding villages, people know the way to drive away the "New Year" beast.

Everywhere Ethnic Culture

Tibetans

The Tibetan New Year's Eve, people dressed in colorful costumes, wearing strange masks, with oboe, conch, drums, music, held a grand and grand "Jumping God". The young men dance and sing wildly, indicating that the old and welcome the new, to drive away evil spirits and bring down blessings. To the New Year's morning, the women will go to the back of the "auspicious water", wishing the new year good luck.

Yi

The Yi choose their annual festivals according to the Yi calendar. Some celebrate the Spring Festival with the local Han Chinese. In some areas, Yi compatriots erect green pines in front of their doors and pave the ground with pine needles to show that they are free from disasters and calamities. In other areas, pigs and goats are killed and eaten during the festival, and people visit each other and give each other meat and buns. On the morning of the first day of the Lunar New Year, the first thing you do when you get up is to carry water home. They compare the weight of a bowl of water with that of yesterday's. If the water is heavy in the New Year, it means that there has been enough rain this year.

The Zhuang

The Zhuang celebrate the Spring Festival at the same time as the Han Chinese. On New Year's Eve, the rice eaten on the day of the festival is called "New Year's Rice", and in some areas, it is called "Eating Lijie", which means "living in the twilight of the year" in Zhuang. It is an omen of a good agricultural harvest in the coming year. Some also packaged with more than a foot long, five or six pounds of heavy alkali, a family with a small population a meal is not finished! Early in the morning on the first day of the New Year, before dawn, people get up, put on new clothes, firecrackers to welcome the new, women are scrambling to the river or wells, "draw new water", to start a new year of boiling life.

Buyi

The Buyei family spends all night at the watering hole on New Year's Eve. As soon as the sun comes up, the girls scramble to fetch water. Whoever is the first to pick up the first water is the hardest working and happiest girl.

The Manchus

The Manchus are divided into four banners: red, yellow, blue and white. Spring Festival, the red flag people in the door posted red hanging flag, yellow flag people in the door posted yellow hanging flag, blue flag people in the door posted blue hanging flag, white flag people in the door posted white hanging flag. These hanging flags have beautiful patterns and bright colors, symbolizing an auspicious start to the year.

Dong

The Dong ethnic group during the Spring Festival prevailed a kind of "playing the Dong New Year" (also known as the Lusheng will) of mass activities. This activity is similar to the Han's "reunion", but more joyful and enthusiastic than "reunion". This kind of activity is generally organized by two villages **** with the agreement. The two teams officially hold a Lusheng song and dance competition in the square. At this time, the audience from both villages, accompanied by music, dancing and enjoying themselves.

The Bai people

The Bai people in Yunnan Province have a New Year's Eve celebration called "Put Gao Sheng". The so-called "put high rise" is to use the whole large bamboo, in the bamboo joints loaded with gunpowder, ignited after the whole large bamboo can be collapsed into the sky hundreds of feet, become a veritable "high rise". Some areas of the Bai compatriots and Miao, Zhuang, as from the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival, are in the "embroidered ball" activities. Where the catch can not catch the embroidered ball, to give each other souvenirs, many times lost the ball and redemption of souvenirs, that is, to express the willingness to allow love.

Tujia

During the Spring Festival, the Tujia people hold a grand hand-waving dance. Hand-waving dance is a popular ancient dance of the Tujia people, including hunting, military, farming, banquets and other more than 70 dance movements, rhythmic, beautiful, simple dance, healthy mood, without props, with distinctive ethnic characteristics and a strong sense of life.

The Dai People

The Water Splashing Festival is the New Year's festival of the Dai people, and it is the biggest traditional festival of the Dai people in a year. The day of the beginning of the rainy season is designated as the "Water Splashing Festival". During the three or four days of the festival, people splash water on each other to wash away the old soil and bless the new year with happiness and peace.

Li

Li people living on Hainan Island, whenever the Spring Festival comes, every family has to slaughter pigs and chickens, set up sumptuous food and wine, the whole family sitting together to eat "New Year's dinner"; the whole family will also be singing "New Year's song". During the meal, the whole family also sings the "New Year's Song". On the first day, the second day, the village young and strong men, but also held a "Spring Festival hunting". This day's prey all village **** enjoy. Interestingly, in the division of the prey, the first half of all the prey to the first hit the prey shooter; the other half by everyone equally. Pregnant women can get two shares, and passers-by who happen to meet can also get a share.

Lisu

The Lisu people call the annual festival "Qash", and most of them make indica rice, glutinous rice and water wine, and put a little of the first mortar pounded out of the poop on the peach, plum and other fruit trees, wishing for a fruitful year ahead. The Lisu people in the Nujiang region of Yunnan Province first feed salt to the plowing oxen to show respect for their labor. Young men and women like to hold target shooting competitions in the Spring Festival. The girls hang their embroidered purses on bamboo poles, and the purses are shaken from side to side, inviting the young men to shoot, and whoever shoots down the purses first, the girls will send the wine as a prize to whoever is in front of their mouths.

Lahu

On the night of New Year's Eve, the whole family of Lahu compatriots take a bath to clear their bodies and make good food for the following day. In the food, special attention is paid to glutinous rice poop, in addition to eating, always give a little to the cattle to eat, off in the plow, hoe, machete and other farm equipment on a little, in order to reward its year to cooperate with the master, wish the new year to create more wealth.

Daur

Daur people living in the northeast on both sides of the Nenjiang River, the first morning of the first day of the first month of the Lunar Calendar, young men and women dress up, first to the elders, toast, salute, and then go from house to house to pay tribute to the New Year, each family is prepared to have steamed cake, pay tribute to the New Year's Day, a door to grab steamed cake, it is said that after eating, production and life can be "high every year! "

The Chinese people are very happy to see you.

Mulao People

From the first to the fifteenth day of the first month of the lunar calendar, men, women and children of the Mulao ethnic group dress up in festive costumes, and dozens, hundreds or even thousands of people gather on the hillside or in the racecourse to sing songs about labor, life and love.

The Dulong

The only festival of the Dulong people is the "Kachuowo" festival, which takes place first in the winter months. The most solemn ceremony is the cow sacrifice to heaven. On this day, the chief of the clan ties the ox to a stake in the center of the square. A young woman hangs a chain on the bull's horn, and then a brave and strong young man, holding a sharp bamboo spear, stabs the bull in the armpit until the bull falls down and dies. At this moment, people will dance "cow pot Zhuang" dance, and then share the beef.

Oroqen

Oroqen people in the Northeast, the Spring Festival morning, the first in the family according to the size of the seniority of the pouring of wine, the younger to the elders kowtow, the younger generation to each other, the first two, the first three horse races. The fifteenth day of the first month of delicious food. On the morning of the 16th day of the first month, the activity of smearing each other's black faces is carried out. Young people should kowtow first when they wipe the black face of the elderly.

Herzhe

Herzhe Hezhen language "Spring Festival" phonetic translation for "Fo Feshix", that is, the meaning of the New Year's Eve. People wear in the hat ear, collar, cuffs, trouser legs, aprons, shoes embroidered with beautiful patterns, geometric patterns and birds and flowers and other lace on the animal skin and other clothing. During the New Year's festivals, the average family makes a "fire feast" or a cake made from a wild fruit called "Bird cherry," which is also filled with fish and animal meat. To treat the guest of honor, it is used to kill the live fish, or roast the fish strips, with this "Taraha" hospitality.

Kinuo

When the Spring Festival arrives, the Jinuo, who live in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, have a betel nut-chewing old man playing cymbals with his head raised, a crone wearing a big pointy hat sounding a gong with her head lowered, and a drum played by a zhouba (father of the village), with young men and women dancing unarmed around in a circle.

The Gaoshan people

The Gaoshan people wear colorful national costumes in the Spring Festival, and gather in groups at the edge of the village to drink wine and sing and dance to the accompaniment of musical instruments. Some villages also hold fish-forking competitions and carry out sports activities such as basket ball and pole ball

Customs of the Spring Festival

Sweeping

"On the 24th day of the Lunar New Year, dusting and sweeping the house" Every time when the Spring Festival comes, every household has to clean the environment, wash all kinds of utensils, dismantle and wash the bedding and curtains, sprinkle and sweep the courtyard of the six villages, dust the cobwebs, dredge and dredge the dirt and cobwebs. and dredge the open and dark ditches. The whole place is filled with the joyful atmosphere of sanitation and cleanliness to welcome the new year.

Posting Spring Festival couplets

Spring Festival couplets, also known as door-to-door, spring stickers, couplets, couplets, peach symbols, etc., it is neat, couplets, concise, sophisticated text depicting the background of the times, expressing the best wishes, is China's unique form of literature. Every Spring Festival, whether urban or rural, every family should select a large red Spring Festival couplets pasted on the door, for the festival to increase the festive atmosphere.

Pasted window and upside down "Fu" character

In the folk people also like to put all kinds of paper cuttings on the window - window flowers. Window flowers not only bring out the festive atmosphere, but also set decorative, appreciative and practical in one.

New Year's paintings

The Spring Festival hanging stickers in urban and rural areas is also very common, thick black colorful paintings to thousands of families added a lot of prosperity and joy of the festive atmosphere. New Year's paintings are an ancient folk art in China, reflecting the people's simple customs and beliefs, and holding out their hopes for the future.

Watch the New Year's Eve

Watch the New Year's Eve is one of the most important New Year's Eve activities, and the custom of watching the New Year's Eve has a long history. The earliest records are found in the Western Jin Dynasty Zhou Chu's "Land and Customs": New Year's Eve night, each with the gift, known as "feed the year"; wine and food invited, known as the "other year"; young and old get together to drink, wishing to complete, known as the "share the year! "

The first time you see a new year, you will be able to see it in a different way.

Crackers

Chinese folk "open door firecrackers". That is, at the dawn of the new year, the first thing that every family opens the door is to set off firecrackers, to beep and blare firecrackers to get rid of the old and welcome the new. Firecrackers are a Chinese specialty, also known as "firecrackers", "cannonballs", "firecrackers".

Welcome to the New Year

On the first day of the New Year, people get up early, put on their prettiest clothes, dress up neatly, go out to visit friends and relatives, pay respect to each other, and wish for good luck in the coming year.

Chinese New Year food customs

In the ancient agricultural society, about since the eighth day of the first month of the Lunar New Year, housewives will be busy with the New Year's food. Because it takes a long time to pickle the preserved meat, it must be prepared as early as possible. Many provinces in China have the custom of pickling preserved meat, of which the preserved meat in Guangdong Province is the most famous.

Steaming rice cakes, which are known as "nian gao" (yearly high) and have a wide variety of flavors, has become a must-have food for almost every family. There are square-shaped yellow and white rice cakes, symbolizing gold and silver, which are meant to make you rich in the New Year.

The night before the actual New Year's Eve is called the Night of Reunion, when people who are away from home have to travel thousands of miles to come back home, and the whole family has to sit together to make dumplings for New Year's Eve.

Third stage: summary stage

Display the results, exchange and share, and organize the evaluation. Under the guidance of the teacher, the members of each group according to the information obtained in the activity for further screening and sorting, the formation of **** knowledge, in written form to submit the investigation report, and summarize their own experience in the activity. Members of each group share and present their results to their classmates in different ways. Finally the teacher and classmates*** evaluate the activity together.

4, the results of the activities to show:

1, students said the activities of feelings

2, the group report on the results of the research, such as:

The origins of the Spring Festival

Customs of the Spring Festival

The Spring Festival of the culture of the various places

Five, the results of the activities

Through the activities to let more students understand the culture of the Spring Festival, to appreciate the charm of Chinese culture, so that we can understand the culture of the Spring Festival, to let us have the opportunity to learn about the culture of China. Appreciate the charm of Chinese culture, let us love our festival, the Spring Festival more. Through this activity, students can learn to learn independently, form good communication and cooperation interaction ability, and enhance the relationship between students.

Please adopt if you are satisfied~