Tianjin New Century Women and Children Hospital

Deputy chief physician Wei Hou's answer:

The following questions are related to calcium deficiency, please refer to them! Infants and young children grow up the fastest, and the development of bones and muscles requires a lot of calcium, so the demand for calcium is very large. If it is not supplemented in time, infants under 2 years old, especially those under 1 year old, are prone to calcium deficiency. In addition, premature infants, twins, and infants who often have diarrhea or are prone to respiratory infections are more prone to calcium deficiency. 1, infants are a special group, whether breastfeeding or mixed or artificial feeding, milk should be the main body of diet. The daily intake of calcium for infants aged 0-5 months is 300 mg, so long as they drink 600-800 ml of breast milk or formula milk every day, they can meet the body's needs for calcium. 2. From April to June, the baby began to add complementary food, and the daily milk consumption gradually decreased. However, the intake of calcium by infants aged 5- 1 1 month increases to 400 mg per day, so calcium supplements should be started from now on. 3. When 1-3 years old, the intake of calcium increased to 600 mg per day. But their diet is mainly from milk, and gradually transition to cereal. According to the survey, the dietary calcium of infants aged 1-3 in China is still not up to the required amount. Therefore, the baby should be supplemented with calcium150-300mg every day, and milk and dairy products are still indispensable ingredients in the diet. It is best to drink about 400 ml of milk every day, and pay attention to arranging calcium-rich foods such as dairy products. 4. Premature infants and twins should start supplementing VD at 1-2 weeks after birth, and normal full-term infants should start supplementing VD at 2-4 weeks after birth. Infants under 6 months are supplemented with 400 international units every day, and infants over 6 months are supplemented with 400-600 international units every day. 5. Supplementation of VD and calcium should last for 2 to 2 and a half years. After two and a half years old, children's outdoor activities increase and their diets gradually diversify. At this time, there is no need to supplement VD and calcium. 6, more sun exposure is an important way for infants to supplement calcium. Because the main reason for their calcium deficiency is insufficient intake of VD, and the content of VD in food is very small, and the diet of infants is monotonous, so they can only get very little VD from food. Sunbathing can promote a substance in the skin to be converted into VD, which is the safest supplementary way and will not cause VD poisoning.